Tagalog-English Code-Switching and the Lexicon of Philippine English

Bibliographic Data

ID20498403
AuthorsMaria Lourdes S Bautista (De La Salle University, corresponding author)
Year1998
Volume1
Issue1
Pages51-67
Publication date1998-06-01
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAsian Englishes (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1348-8678 • E-ISSN: 2331-2548
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/13488678.1998.10800994
OpenAlexW2068184419
LanguageEN
Citations received3
References cited8

Tagalog-English code-switching is a widespread phenomenon in Metro Manila, used in oral communication and increasingly even in informal written communication by young, well-educated Filipinos. This paper explores Tagalog-English code-switching as a possible source of Tagalog lexical items for a dictionary of Philippine English. A corpus of 170 e-mail messages among seven brothers and sisters was analyzed using Poplack and Sankoffs framework (1988) of smooth switching, constituent insertion, and nonce borrowing. Certain Tagalog conjunctions, enclitics, and tag expressions used in smooth switching and constituent insertion were identified as likely entries in the Philippine English lexicon. Extensive borrowing of Tagalog nouns, especially in the areas of kinship and food, together with more restricted borrowing of adjectives, was found in the English sentences in the corpus. In such instances, it will be more difficult to determine what should be included in the Philippine English lexicon; for these cases, general acceptability and frequency of use will have to be employed in the decision procedure to distinguish between established loan words and nonce borrowings. The paper indicates that the processes for expanding the Philippine English lexicon are enhanced by borrowing certain function and content words from Tagalog which appear repeatedly in Tagalog-English code-switching

Code-switching · Cryptographic nonce · Lexicon · Linguistics · Noun · Tagalog · Computer Science · History · Linguistic Variation and Morphology · Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity · Multilingual Education and Policy · Artificial Intelligence

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