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Loneliness During a Nationwide Lockdown and the Moderating Effect of Extroversion

Bibliographic Data

ID21210004
AuthorsTheresa M Entringer (0000-0003-1149-7852, German Institute for Economic Research, corresponding author), Samuel D Gosling (0000-0001-8970-591X, The University of Melbourne)
Year2022
Volume13
Issue3
Pages769-780
Publication date2022-04-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueSocial Psychological and Personality Science (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1948-5506 • E-ISSN: 1948-5514
PublisherSAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/19485506211037871
OpenAlexW3197547674
LanguageEN
Citations received16
References cited60

Loneliness levels were assessed in a longitudinal, nationwide sample ( N total = 6,010) collected over the course of the first 3 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. When in-person social contact restrictions were put in place, loneliness increased significantly compared to prepandemic levels but began to decrease again even before contact restrictions were eased. The loneliness costs were distributed unequally, such that greater increases in loneliness were experienced by women, younger, and extraverted, neurotic, and conscientious individuals. Our findings add to the growing literature on the importance of individual differences in crisis situations

Big Five personality traits · Extraversion and introversion · Loneliness · Neuroticism · Personality · Social contact · Sociology · Clinical Psychology · COVID-19 and Mental Health · Demography · Health disparities and outcomes · Medicine · Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction · Psychology · Social Psychology

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Unique citing works16
Citations per year4
Citation span2022 - 2025 (4)
Citation velocityrecent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 13

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