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How Downward Comparisons Impact Pro‐Environmental Consumption

Mediating Roles of Self‐Evaluations and Self‐Awareness

Bibliographic Data

ID21337474
AuthorsYiwen Wang (0000-0002-6879-8974, School of Economics and Management Fuzhou University Fuzhou China, corresponding author), Geying Liang (0009-0004-1983-3050, School of Economics and Management Fuzhou University Fuzhou China), Jianwei Lin (0000-0001-5712-1581, School of Basic Education Putian University Putian China), Jie Zheng (0009-0002-7853-6721, Center for Economic Research Shandong University Jinan China), Jaimie W Lien (0000-0002-9974-3212, Center for Economic Research Shandong University Jinan China, corresponding author)
Year2025
Volume60
Issue6
Pagese70115-e70115
Publication date2025-12-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternational Journal of Psychology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0020-7594 • E-ISSN: 1464-066X
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1002/ijop.70115
PMID41044900
OpenAlexW4414822745
LanguageEN
References cited49

Previous studies show that people often feel more capable of prosocial behaviours after downward comparisons. However, there is limited research on how downward comparisons affect pro‐environmental consumption. We conducted two online experiments to investigate the impact of downward comparisons on pro‐environmental consumption under temporal (Study 1) and social (Study 2) comparisons in China. The results show that downward temporal comparison positively affected preferences for pro‐environmental products. Downward social comparison increased both preferences and the willingness to pay for pro‐environmental products. In terms of the mechanism, the temporal comparison effect was accounted for by self‐evaluations and private self‐awareness. Meanwhile, self‐evaluations and both private and public self‐awareness accounted for the social comparison effect. These findings underscore the importance of downward temporal and social comparisons on pro‐environmental consumption within the cultural context of China. Our study establishes links between downward comparisons and pro‐environmental consumption within the framework of the internal/external model and self‐image/product‐image congruity theory. The findings also have significant implications for designing tailored strategies aimed at incentivising pro‐environmental consumption

Affect (linguistics) · Consumption (sociology) · Context (archaeology) · Prosocial behavior · Social comparison theory · Social environment · Behavioral Health and Interventions · Environmental Education and Sustainability · Environmental Sustainability in Business

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