Individual differences in effects of stressful life events on childhood ADHD
Genetic, neural, and familial contributions
Bibliographic Data
BACKGROUND: This study elucidates the intricate relationship between stressful life events and the development of ADHD symptoms in children, acknowledging the considerable variability in individual responses. By examining these differences, we aim to uncover the unique combinations of factors contributing to varying levels of vulnerability and resilience among children. METHODS: Utilizing longitudinal data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (baseline: N = 6,303, age = 9.9), we applied Generalized Random Forest (GRF) to model the nonlinear relationships among genetic predispositions, brain features, and environmental factors. RESULTS: Significant individual variability was observed in children's ADHD symptoms post-stress, particularly at the 1-year and 2-year follow-ups. At the 1-year follow-up, increased vulnerability was indicated by heightened parental mental health problems and a lower polygenic risk score for smoking. By the 2-year follow-up, escalated parental mental health disorders, higher ADHD polygenic risk scores (PRS), and altered structural connectivity in the cognitive control network were significant contributors to individual differences. CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the importance of integrating environmental, genetic, and neural variables to identify children vulnerable or resilient to developing ADHD symptoms following early-life stress. This study demonstrates how multimodal data combined with nonparametric machine learning can advance precision psychology and psychiatry, aiding targeted support for affected children
MEDLINE · Nonparametric statistics · Psychometrics · Social environment · Typically developing · Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder · Autism Spectrum Disorder Research · Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
A Developmental Perspective on Executive Function
Genetic and environmental influences on human psychological differences
An automated labeling system for subdividing the human cerebral cortex on MRI scans into gyral based regions of interest
The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study
The Role of Parents, Parenting and the Family Environment in Children’s Post-Disaster Mental Health
Estimation and Inference of Heterogeneous Treatment Effects using Random Forests
Generalized random forests
Enhancing Resilience in Children
Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-Sads-PL)
Estimating Treatment Effects with Causal Forests
FSL
Greedy function approximation
The predictive capacity of psychiatric and psychological polygenic risk scores for distinguishing cases in a child and adolescent psychiatric sample from controls
Mother's and children's ADHD genetic risk, household chaos and children's ADHD symptoms
The Long-Term Impact of Parental Mental Health on Children’s Distress Trajectories in Adulthood
Resilience in children and youth
An Introduction to the Augmented Inverse Propensity Weighted Estimator
| Highly cited | No |
|---|