Parental conditional regard

A meta‐analysis

Bibliographic Data

ID21443822
AuthorsJolene E Haines (0000-0001-8861-3909, School of Psychology University of New England Armidale Australia), Nicola Schutte (0000-0002-3294-7659, School of Psychology University of New England Armidale Australia, corresponding author)
Year2023
Volume95
Issue2
Pages195-223
Publication date2023-02-01
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Adolescence (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0140-1971 • E-ISSN: 1095-9254
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1002/jad.12111
PMID36345118
OpenAlexW4308552338
LanguageEN
Citations received17
References cited59

INTRODUCTION: Parental conditional regard involves parents giving or withdrawing affection and approval, depending on children's and adolescents' compliance with parental expectations, to shape behaviors and traits. Research grounded in self-determination theory suggests parental conditional regard harms psychological development. Using self-determination theory as a theoretical foundation for investigating outcomes associated with parental conditional regard, the present study consolidated meta-analytic associations between parental conditional regard and four theoretically important individual difference correlates: introjected self-regulation, contingent self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and relatedness. METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted using the PsycINFO, ProQuest, and EBSCO databases for English-language, peer-reviewed published studies and unpublished studies. Eligible studies reported an association between parental conditional regard and the four theoretically derived correlates or another correlate of interest in pre-adolescent children, adolescents, or young adults. The results were based on a random-effects model for meta-analyses and the Q statistic for moderator analyses. RESULTS: Across 31 samples in total, greater parental conditional regard was significantly associated with more introjected regulation (r = .33), contingent self-esteem (r = .29), and level of depressive symptoms (r = .22); and less relatedness (r = -.24). Moderator results for parental conditional regard type found parental conditional regard's association with introjected regulation was significantly stronger for studies measuring giving regard (parental conditional positive regard) than withdrawing regard (parental conditional negative regard). The association of parental conditional regard with depressive symptoms was significantly stronger for studies measuring parental conditional negative regard than parental conditional positive regard. CONCLUSIONS: The meta-analytic results provide theoretical and empirical support for the connections between self-determination and the impact of parental conditional regard.

Association (psychology) · Conditional variance · Developmental psychology · Econometrics · MEDLINE · Meta-analysis · Moderation · PsycINFO · Behavioral Health and Interventions · Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports · Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety Studies · Psychology · Social Psychology

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