John M. Swales – A Renowned Applied Linguist and Educator

Analysis: English in Academic and Research Settings."In this book, he formulated his genre concept based on the vision of genre as a class of communicative events, all members of which share same communicative purposes.According to Swales, this set of shared purposes is a criterial feature that turns a collection of communicative events into a genre.In other words, "genres are communicative vehicles for the achievement of goals" [10, p. 46].He also identified and formulated other important characteristics of genres (such as a various degree of their prototypicality and constraining conventions) as well as the role of discourse communities in forming genre nomenclatures.The notion of discourse community, also introduced by Swales, emphasizes that such groups of individuals are formed based on mutual goals and share the ways (genres and discourses) of communicating about them.This engagement into genre practices requires rhetorical and linguistic knowledge of genre structures which can be revealed through the textual analysis.Such an analysis suggested by Swales has become known as genre analysis, or rhetorical genre analysis, or move-step analysis.It consists in identifying functional textual units which show the conventionalized structuring of genre governed by its communicative purpose.Swales called these units "moves", while the "steps" in his terms are smaller functional fragments which realize the moves.John Swales used moves and steps in his CARS (Create-a-Research-Space) model of research article Introductions [9] which became not only extremely popular but was also extended to the study of other academic genres (see, for example, [8; 20]) as well as the genres of various social spheres (for instance, press releases [21], female personal accounts [7], or webchats [17]).It was also expanded to incorporate cross-cultural and cross-linguistic research (e.g., [3,22]).Although Swales himself admitted that his move

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