Ethnic Diversity, Ethnic Polarization, and Incarceration Rates
A Cross-National Study
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 21561024 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Christopher J Marier (0000-0002-2445-6315, Government and Justice Studies, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA, corresponding author), John K Cochran (0000-0001-5227-1564, University of South Florida) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Volume | 40 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 478-505 |
| Publication date | 2023-06-07 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Justice Quarterly (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0741-8825 • E-ISSN: 1745-9109 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/07418825.2022.2063753 |
| OpenAlex | W4224243842 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 5 |
| References cited | 86 |
Recent political rhetoric both in the U.S. and abroad has drawn renewed attention to racial and ethnic conflict, state power, and punishment. The salience of minority group conflict on incarceration is well established in theory and research in the U.S. This study explores whether racial/ethnic composition explains incarceration rates throughout the world, rather than being a peculiarity of the U.S. It also evaluates the functional form of these relationships. Analysis of up to 132 nations indicates that incarceration rates are significantly associated with ethnic diversity and ethnic polarization. The lowest incarceration rates are observed in countries with substantial homogeneity or substantial diversity. Incarceration rates are highest in countries with moderate diversity but high polarization—where a sizable minority population is present, approaching parity with a majority group. Minority group conflict may be a troublesome contributor to punishment throughout the world and is not a uniquely American phenomenon
Criminology · Demographic economics · Economics · Ethnic group · Political science · Politics · Population · Sociology · Crime Patterns and Interventions · Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis · Demography · Homelessness and Social Issues · Law · Psychology · Social Psychology
American exceptionalism
American Exceptionalism in Crime and Punishment
The Culture of Control
Ethnic Polarization, Potential Conflict, and Civil Wars
Social context and racial disparities in punishment decisions
Racial, Ethnic, and Immigrant Threat
Racial/Ethnic Threat and Federal Sentencing
Location, location, location
Fractionalization
Criminality and legal order
The discovery of the asylum
Toward a Theory of Minority Group Relations
Cross-National Crime
The Latino Threat
The Color of Justice
Malign Neglect Race, Crime, And Punishment In America
Racial Oppression in America
Punishment and Modern Society
What You See May Not Be What You Get
The school-to-prison pipeline
Suitable Enemies
Social disruption, state priorities, and minority threat
Interracial contact and fear of crime
Exploring the Connection between Immigration and Violent Crime Rates in U.S. Cities, 1980–2000
Discrete Polarisation with an Application to the Determinants of Genocides
A Multilevel Test of Racial Threat Theory
Police Employment and Suburban Crime
Contextual Disparities in Guidelines Departures
Minority Threat and Police Strength From 1980 to 2000
State Prison Populations and Their Growth, 1971–1991
Undocumented Immigrants as Perceived Criminal Threat
Racial–ethnic Threat, Out‐group Intolerance, and Support for Punishing Criminals
Racial Composition of Neighborhood and Fear of Crime
The Social Context of Guidelines Circumvention
Racial Threat, Partisan Politics, and Racial Disparities in Prison Admissions
Racial Threat, Concentrated Disadvantage and Social Control
Sentencing in Context
The New Jim Crow
Race Prejudice as a Sense of Group Position
The Immigrant Threat. The Integration of Old and New Migrants in Western Europe since 1850
Explaining Spatial Variation in Support for Capital Punishment
Race and the War on Crime
Class, state, and crime
Ethnic groups in conflict
Ethnicity, Political Systems, and Civil Wars
The Power Approach to Intergroup Hostility
Discipline and Punish
How White Attitudes Vary with the Racial Composition of Local Populations
Regional differences in anti-Negro prejudice
Group Threat and Social Control
Law, Social Standing and Racial Disparities in Imprisonment
Testing the Economic Production and Conflict Models of Crime Control
Social Structure and Social Control
Fear of Crime as a Social Fact
Undocumented Immigrant Threat and Support for Social Controls
Crime, Social Structure and Criminal Punishment
Political Institutions, Minorities, and Punishment
The Politics of Punishment across Time and Space
The Contingent Effect of Race in Juvenile Court Detention Decisions
Fear of Crime in Urban Residential Neighborhoods
Formal and Informal Crime Control
Racial Context and Police Force Size
Group Threat and Regional Change in Attitudes Toward African-Americans
Toward a Political Model of Incarceration
Social Structure and Crime Control Among Macrosocial Units
Perspectives on the Legal Order
Urban crime rates and the changing face of immigration
Conflict theory and police killings∗
The impact of serious crime, racial threat, and economic inequality on private police size
| Unique citing works | 5 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1,67 |
| Citation span | 2023 - 2026 (4) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 5 |