Selective Mutism in China

A Nationwide Case-Control Study

Bibliographic Data

ID22007078
AuthorsXinwen Hu (0000-0002-1407-7338, Duke Kunshan University), Junhua Reitman (Chinese Preventive Medicine Association), Stephen W Pan (0000-0003-3612-7508, The University of Texas at San Antonio, corresponding author)
Year2026
Volume16
Issue1
Publication date2026-01-01
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueSAGE Open (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2158-2440 • E-ISSN: 2158-2440
PublisherSAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/21582440261415681
OpenAlexW7125503736
LanguageEN
References cited26

Background: Selective mutism (SM) research from China remains scanty. This study describes the sociodemographics and experiences of children and families with SM in China and identifies correlates of SM in China. Methods: This case-control study enrolled 172 cases with SM and 179 controls by online surveys with closed and open-ended responses. Multilevel logistic regression was performed to examine the association between potential correlates and SM. Open-ended responses were analyzed thematically. Results: Only 51.2% of SM cases were diagnosed by a professional, and 31.1% of SM cases that received treatment were guided by a professional. Child SM was associated with having parent(s) with an introverted personality, being born to a mother aged > 35, and having a sibling. Conclusion: Many children with SM in China have not received professional treatment or interventions. Novel policies such as access to special education resources, SM training for therapists, and school support are needed to enhance the early detection and treatment of SM in China

China · Logistic regression · MEDLINE · Multilevel model · Autism Spectrum Disorder Research · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development · Family and Disability Support Research

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