A Machine Learning Approach for Detecting Rescue Requests from Social Media

Bibliographic Data

ID22031479
AuthorsZheye Wang (0000-0002-2037-9850, Rice University, corresponding author), Nina S N Lam (0000-0002-5344-9368, Louisiana State University), Mingxuan Sun (0000-0003-2553-6154, Louisiana State University), Xiao Huang (0000-0002-4323-382X, University of Arkansas at Fayetteville), Jin Shang (0009-0008-0582-4099, Amazon (United States)), Lei Zou (0000-0001-6206-3558, Texas A&M University), Yue Wu (0000-0002-3051-6361, Louisiana State University), Volodymyr V Mihunov (0000-0002-1490-6124, Louisiana State University)
Year2022
Volume11
Issue11
Pages570
Publication date2022-11-16
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2220-9964 • E-ISSN: 2220-9964
PublisherMDPI AG (PUBLISHER • IT)
DOI10.3390/ijgi11110570
OpenAlexW4309119519
LanguageEN
Citations received2
References cited25

Hurricane Harvey in 2017 marked an important transition where many disaster victims used social media rather than the overloaded 911 system to seek rescue. This article presents a machine-learning-based detector of rescue requests from Harvey-related Twitter messages, which differentiates itself from existing ones by accounting for the potential impacts of ZIP codes on both the preparation of training samples and the performance of different machine learning models. We investigate how the outcomes of our ZIP code filtering differ from those of a recent, comparable study in terms of generating training data for machine learning models. Following this, experiments are conducted to test how the existence of ZIP codes would affect the performance of machine learning models by simulating different percentages of ZIP-code-tagged positive samples. The findings show that (1) all machine learning classifiers except K-nearest neighbors and Naïve Bayes achieve state-of-the-art performance in detecting rescue requests from social media; (2) using ZIP code filtering could increase the effectiveness of gathering rescue requests for training machine learning models; (3) machine learning models are better able to identify rescue requests that are associated with ZIP codes. We thereby encourage every rescue-seeking victim to include ZIP codes when posting messages on social media. This study is a useful addition to the literature and can be helpful for first responders to rescue disaster victims more efficiently

Database · Machine learning · Naive Bayes classifier · Programming language · Social media · Support vector machine · World Wide Web · Zip code · Computer Science · Disaster Management and Resilience · Misinformation and Its Impacts · Public Relations and Crisis Communication · Artificial Intelligence

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