Longitudinal Validation of EIP-Move for Assessing the Educational and Inclusive Potential of Physical Education and Sports Programs in Primary Schools
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 22041801 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Davide Di Palma (0000-0001-8224-5797, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", corresponding author) |
| Year | 2026 |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 374 |
| Publication date | 2026-03-01 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Education Sciences (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2227-7102 • E-ISSN: 2227-7102 |
| Publisher | MDPI AG (PUBLISHER • IT) |
| DOI | 10.3390/educsci16030374 |
| OpenAlex | W7133136534 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 25 |
In recent years, primary school physical education and sports have been acknowledged as crucial for children’s comprehensive development and skill enhancement. Consequently, there is a demand for validated instruments to evaluate both intervention outcomes and their educational quality and inclusivity. This study aimed to create and validate EIP-Move (Educational and Inclusive Potential of Motor Programmes), a standardized instrument designed to assess the pedagogical, inclusive, relational, and equitable potential of physical education and sports initiatives. The research employed a longitudinal framework comprising multiple phases (theoretical construction, pilot study, psychometric validation, and longitudinal validation), founded on a conceptual model with four dimensions: pedagogical quality, inclusion and participation, relational climate and safety, and equity and valorization of differences. Psychometric analyses validated the robustness of the four-factor model, demonstrating strong reliability, validity, and measurement invariance across gender, context, and the presence of special educational needs, along with sensitivity to change and predictive validity with respect to subsequent programme-level outcomes, including students’ active participation, relational climate quality, psychological safety, and programme continuity over time, assessed across a 12-month longitudinal framework. In summary, EIP-Move emerges as a valid and reliable instrument, beneficial for both research and professional application, thereby significantly aiding the formative evaluation of motor programmes and fostering a culture of quality and inclusion in primary education
Conceptual framework · Formative assessment · Longitudinal study · Physical education · Predictive validity · Primary education · Test validity · Children's Physical and Motor Development · Inclusion and Disability in Education and Sport · Physical Education and Pedagogy
Applied Longitudinal Data Analysis
Introduction to Psychometric Theory
Physical Education Futures
Health Measurement Scales
Perspectives of Students with Disabilities Toward Physical Education
Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations
Computing Inter-Rater Reliability for Observational Data
Polychoric versus Pearson correlations in exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of ordinal variables
Factorial Invariance Within Longitudinal Structural Equation Models
Evaluating Goodness-of-Fit Indexes for Testing Measurement Invariance
Sensitivity of Goodness of Fit Indexes to Lack of Measurement Invariance
Confirmatory factor analysis with ordinal data
An Empirical Evaluation of Alternative Methods of Estimation for Confirmatory Factor Analysis With Ordinal Data.
In Search of Golden Rules
The content validity index
A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research
Latent Curve Models
Successful Elite Sport Policies
Multilevel Analysis
Measurement invariance conventions and reporting
The educational benefits claimed for physical education and school sport
From alpha to omega
| Highly cited | No |
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