Vitamin D Status and Sars-CoV-2 Infection and Covid-19 Clinical Outcomes

Bibliographic Data

ID22068903
AuthorsIacopo Chiodini (0000-0001-7594-3300, University of Milan, corresponding author), Davide Gatti (0000-0002-7471-3076, University of Verona), Davide Soranna (0000-0001-8067-2779, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano), Daniela Merlotti (0000-0002-3338-6339, University of Siena), Christian Mingiano (0009-0000-1098-9690, University of Siena), Angelo Fassio (0000-0001-9187-232X, University of Verona), Giovanni Adami (0000-0002-8915-0755, University of Verona), Alberto Falchetti (0000-0002-6739-4417, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano), Cristina Eller-Vainicher (0000-0002-6805-5804, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico), Maurizio Rossini (0000-0001-9692-2293, University of Verona), Luca Persani (0000-0003-2068-9581, University of Milan), Antonella Zambon (0000-0001-6443-3858, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano), Luigi Gennari (0000-0001-6833-4232, University of Siena)
Year2021
Volume9
Pages736665-736665
Publication date2021-12-22
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueFrontiers in Public Health (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2296-2565 • E-ISSN: 2296-2565
PublisherFrontiers Media SA (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3389/fpubh.2021.736665
PMID35004568
OpenAlexW4200576208
LanguageEN
Citations received3
References cited116

Background: Several studies suggest an association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and the outcomes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona-Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, in particular Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) related severity and mortality. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to investigate whether vitamin D status is associated with the COVID-19 severity, defined as ARDS requiring admission to intensive care unit (ICU) or mortality (primary endpoints) and with the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19-related hospitalization (secondary endpoints). Methods: A search in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and preprints repositories was performed until March 31th 2021 to identify all original observational studies reporting association measures, or enough data to calculate them, between Vitamin D status (insufficiency <75, deficiency <50, or severe deficiency <25 nmol/L) and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization, ICU admission, or death during COVID-19 hospitalization. Findings: Fifty-four studies (49 as fully-printed and 5 as pre-print publications) were included for a total of 1,403,715 individuals. The association between vitamin D status and SARS-CoV2 infection, COVID-19 related hospitalization, COVID-19 related ICU admission, and COVID-19 related mortality was reported in 17, 9, 27, and 35 studies, respectively. Severe deficiency, deficiency and insufficiency of vitamin D were all associated with ICU admission (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence intervals [95%CIs]: 2.63, 1.45–4.77; 2.16, 1.43–3.26; 2.83, 1.74–4.61, respectively), mortality (OR, 95%CIs: 2.60, 1.93–3.49; 1.84, 1.26–2.69; 4.15, 1.76–9.77, respectively), SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR, 95%CIs: 1.68, 1.32–2.13; 1.83, 1.43–2.33; 1.49, 1.16–1.91, respectively) and COVID-19 hospitalization (OR, 95%CIs 2.51, 1.63–3.85; 2.38, 1.56–3.63; 1.82, 1.43–2.33). Considering specific subgroups (i.e., Caucasian patients, high quality studies, and studies reporting adjusted association estimates) the results of primary endpoints did not change. Interpretations: Patients with low vitamin D levels present an increased risk of ARDS requiring admission to intensive care unit (ICU) or mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection and a higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and related hospitalization

ARDS · Confidence interval · Disease · Intensive care · Intensive care medicine · Intensive care unit · Lung · Observational study · Odds ratio · Severity of illness · Vitamin D and neurology · vitamin D deficiency · COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies · Medicine · Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research · Vitamin D Research Studies · Internal Medicine · Pediatrics

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