Effects of different iodine supplementation strategies on thyroid function in iodine-deficient pregnant women
A meta-analysis
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 22074403 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Yingying Lv (Qiqihar Medical University), Baiming Jin (Qiqihar Medical University), Jiazhuang Guo (0000-0001-9685-661X, Qiqihar Medical University), Jingshu Bu (Qiqihar Medical University), Chen Chen (0000-0002-9786-8003, Qiqihar Medical University), Yunfeng Han (0000-0003-2250-9599, Qiqihar Medical University), Zhiping Xie (0000-0002-6085-2470, Qiqihar Medical University), Yuehui Jia (0000-0002-0098-5941, Qiqihar Medical University), Siyuan Wan (Qiqihar Medical University), C Zhang (0000-0002-4408-917X, Qiqihar Medical University) |
| Year | 2026 |
| Volume | 14 |
| Pages | 1846475-1846475 |
| Publication date | 2026-06-10 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Frontiers in Public Health (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2296-2565 • E-ISSN: 2296-2565 |
| Publisher | Frontiers Media SA (PUBLISHER • CH) |
| DOI | 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1846475 |
| PMID | 42359139 |
| OpenAlex | W7164163666 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 47 |
Background This study aimed to clarify the association between iodine supplementation and thyroid function indices, as well as secondary outcomes including thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid volume (TV), in iodine-deficient pregnant women, accounting for different supplementation regimens and trimesters. Methods Chinese and English literature on iodine supplementation in iodine-deficient pregnant women and its associations with thyroid function indices, Tg, and TV was retrieved from PubMed, Medline, Embase, CNKI, WanFang, and WeiPu databases. Effect sizes were estimated using fixed- and random-effects models, reported as standardized mean difference (SMD), odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Iodine supplementation was associated with reduced serum TSH and Tg levels in iodine-deficient pregnant women (TSH: SMD = −0.14, 95% CI: −0.23, −0.05; Pz = 0.002; Tg: SMD = −0.22, 95% CI: −0.32, −0.13; Pz < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed significant TSH reductions in Asian populations, third trimester, daily supplementation, 200–300 μg/d doses, and potassium iodide use ( Pz < 0.05). Tg was significantly reduced across all regions, iodine supplementation dosages and methods, second/third trimesters, and daily supplementation subgroups ( Pz < 0.05). TV was significantly increased in the Europe subgroup and the until postpartum supplementation subgroup ( Pz < 0.01). Egger's test suggested publication bias for TV, but results remained robust after trim-and-fill adjustment. Conclusion Standardized iodine supplementation notably reduces serum TSH and Tg in iodine-deficient pregnant women, relieving gestational thyroid dysfunction and optimizing maternal thyroid health. Greater TSH improvements are observed in Asian populations, the third trimester, and those taking 200–300 μg potassium iodide daily. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261323017 , identifier: CRD420261323017
Confidence interval · Iodine · Odds ratio · Pregnancy · Subgroup analysis · Thyroid · Thyroid function · Thyroid function tests · Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment · Thyroid Disorders and Treatments · Vitamin D Research Studies
Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and/or interquartile range
Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
The importance of iodine nutrition during pregnancy
Iodine deficiency during pregnancy
| Citation velocity | historical |
|---|---|
| Highly cited | No |