What kind of urban–rural basic public services can affect the urban–rural income gap?–an analysis of FsQCA based on the TOE framework
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 22078051 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Qianqian He (0000-0001-7559-9183), HE Qian-qian (Qinghai Normal University), Dong Tiantian (0000-0002-8484-8046, Sichuan Tourism University, corresponding author), Tiantian Dong (0000-0002-8709-2184), Cairang Gadan (Qinghai Normal University) |
| Year | 2025 |
| Volume | 13 |
| Pages | 1649372-1649372 |
| Publication date | 2025-11-06 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Frontiers in Public Health (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2296-2565 • E-ISSN: 2296-2565 |
| Publisher | Frontiers Media SA (PUBLISHER • CH) |
| DOI | 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1649372 |
| PMID | 41283050 |
| OpenAlex | W4415958005 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 1 |
| References cited | 50 |
Introduction: The urban-rural income gap and the non-equalization of basic public services constitute the core contradiction in China's urban-rural development. Methods: This study employs the fsQCA method based on the TOE framework to determine how technological, organizational, and environmental conditions collectively shape the urban-rural income gap in China's Yangtze River Delta region. Results: The findings reveal three distinct configurations of high income disparity and three distinct configurations of non-high income disparity, emphasizing that no single factor is indispensable. Rather, combinations are crucial. High-disparity configurations manifest through three divergent pathways: dual squeezes from fiscal constraints and lagging digital infrastructure; structural disconnect between economic growth and digitalization; and cyclical lock-in between low-level economies and public service shortages. Non-high-disparity configurations emerge via three equivalent pathways: factor rebalancing driven by high economic output; cross-regional coordination through institutional optimization and digital empowerment; and compensatory mechanisms based on fiscal resilience and governance innovation. Discussion: The study offers recommendations for basic public service allocation across cities in China's three major regions, holding significant implications for the integrated urban-rural development of China
Health services · Public policy · Public sector · Public service · China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance · Rural development and sustainability · Sustainability and Climate Change Governance
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| Unique citing works | 1 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1 |
| Citation span | 2026 - 2026 (1) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 1 |