Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and associated risk factors among people living with HIV in a rural population of Limpopo Province, South Africa

Bibliographic Data

ID22085227
AuthorsJoel Choshi (University of Limpopo, corresponding author), Brian Flepisi, Brian Thabile Flepisi (0000-0002-0628-4636, University of Pretoria), Sihle E Mabhida (0000-0002-8388-132X, South African Medical Research Council), Machoene Derrick Sekgala (0000-0002-0311-8480, South African Medical Research Council), Haskly Mokoena (0000-0001-9054-7242, University of Limpopo), Bongani B Nkambule (0000-0001-8846-1992, University of KwaZulu-Natal), Duduzile Ndwandwe (0000-0001-7129-3865, South African Medical Research Council), Zandile June‐Rose Mchiza (0000-0003-2515-9184, South African Medical Research Council), Unati Nqebelele (South African Medical Research Council), André Pascal Kengne (0000-0002-5183-131X, South African Medical Research Council), Phiwayinkosi V Dludla (0000-0001-5965-3610, South African Medical Research Council), Sidney Hanser (0000-0002-6719-8512, University of Limpopo, corresponding author)
Year2024
Volume12
Pages1425460-1425460
Publication date2024-07-11
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueFrontiers in Public Health (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2296-2565 • E-ISSN: 2296-2565
PublisherFrontiers Media SA (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3389/fpubh.2024.1425460
PMID39056083
OpenAlexW4400569054
LanguageEN
References cited36

Background Limited evidence informs on the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in people living with HIV (PLWH) in South Africa. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of CKD and its associated risk factors among PLWH within the rural province of Limpopo, South Africa. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 143 participants, subdivided into groups of PLWH ( n = 103) and individuals without HIV ( n = 43). Structured questionnaires were used to collect and capture sociodemographic information including age, sex, alcohol intake, smoking status, and educational status. Basic measurements taken included levels of cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4+) count, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, plasma cystatin C, and fasting serum glucose levels. Plasma cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) estimator to determine the prevalence of CKD. Results The prevalence of CKD was approximately 7% in PLWH. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that it was only diabetes mellitus (odds ratio of 5.795, 95% confidence interval, p = 0.034) and age (odds ratio of 1.078, 95% confidence interval, p = 0.039) that were significantly associated with CKD in PLWH. Conclusion Chronic kidney disease was prevalent in PLWH, and it was further associated with cardiovascular risk factors, diabetes, and ageing. As PLWH age, the burden of CKD may be increased with the increase in cardiovascular-related comorbidities such as diabetes

Body mass index · Confidence interval · Cystatin C · Diabetes mellitus · Environmental health · Kidney disease · Logistic regression · Odds ratio · Population · Renal function · Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes · Demography · Dialysis and Renal Disease Management · HIV-related health complications and treatments · Medicine · Endocrinology · Epidemiology · Gerontology · Internal Medicine

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