Influence of Individual and Community-Level Associates of Contraceptive Use in Pakistan

A Multi-Level Mixed Effect Analysis (Pdhs 2017-18)

Bibliographic Data

ID22129159
AuthorsAsifa Kamal (0000-0002-1624-2771, Lahore College for Women University), Sadaf Malik (0000-0002-2098-8648, Lahore College for Women University), Hafsa Batool (Lahore College for Women University), Afza Rasul (0000-0001-6316-000X, Lahore College for Women University)
Year2021
Volume9
Issue3
Pages764-775
Publication date2021-06-06
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueHumanities & Social Sciences Reviews (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2395-6518 • E-ISSN: 2395-6518
PublisherMaya Global Education Society (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.18510/hssr.2021.9375
OpenAlexW3169273770
LanguageEN
References cited48

Purpose of the study: This research aims to investigate the impact of mass media exposure and women's autonomy on the use of contraceptives, along with other potential determinants at the individual level and community level among women in Pakistan. Methodology: Data was extracted from Pakistan Demographic & Health Surveys 2017-18. The sample size included 10,461 non-pregnant and married women from a total of 15,068 ever-married women. The analysis was done using two-level mixed-effects logistic regression for the binary outcome variable, i.e., current contraceptive use (yes/no). Main Findings: Significant factors positively associated with contraceptive use at the individual level were women's education, wealth index, parity, age at first cohabitation, child mortality experience, and mass media exposure. Community attributes like region (Sindh, KPK, Balochistan as compared to Punjab), residence (rural as compared to urban) had an inverse relationship with contraceptive use. At the same time, women's education and an ideal number of children were the significant positive associates. Women's empowerment has though insignificant, but it has a positive impact on the use of contraceptives at both individual and community levels. Applications of this study: Family planning programs can be extended by focusing on women residing in rural settings or in high fertility intentions communities, less educated and unprivileged younger women who had reduced the uptake of contraceptives. An increase in women's access to education, media exposure, employment, and women's empowerment can help attain Pakistan's contraceptive prevalence targets. Novelty/Originality of this study: The current study's effect of individual and community-level factors was investigated using National-level data, mainly focusing on the role of mass media and women's autonomy

Cohabitation · Economic growth · Empowerment · Environmental health · Family planning · Fertility · Geography · Logistic regression · Marital status · Population · Residence · Rural area · Sociology · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health · Demography · Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations · Global Maternal and Child Health · Medicine · Gerontology

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