Englishes in the Expanding Circle

Focus on Asia

Bibliographic Data

ID22248201
AuthorsAndy Kirkpatrick (0000-0002-4470-7089, Griffith University, corresponding author)
Year2020
Volume24
Issue3
Pages551-568
Publication date2020-12-15
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueRussian Journal of Linguistics (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2686-8024 • E-ISSN: 2687-0088
PublisherPeoples' Friendship University of Russia (PUBLISHER • RU)
DOI10.22363/2687-0088-2020-24-3-551-568
OpenAlexW3081725449
LanguageEN
Citations received4
References cited14

In Kachrus original classification, the countries of the Expanding Circle were those where English was learned primarily as a foreign language in schools. English did not play an institutional role within the country. As such they were norm-dependent countries relying on exonormative native speaker standards as models and targets for learners of English. In recent years, however, the role(s) of English in many Expanding Circle countries of Asia - these include the economic powerhouses of China, Japan and South Korea - have increased exponentially both within the countries (as English becomes increasingly important as a language of education, for example) and between the countries as a lingua franca (English has been enshrined as the sole working language of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), for example). The aim of this article is to describe how these roles of English in the Expanding Circle countries of Asia have developed. I shall focus on the role of English as a language of education in describing how the role of English has developed within countries and on the role of English as a lingua franca in describing how the role of English has developed between the Expanding Circle countries of Asia. I shall conclude by considering the implications of these developments for English language education pedagogy and policy

China · English as a lingua franca · English language · First language · Foreign language · Lingua franca · Linguistics · Modern language · Official language · Pedagogy · Political science · Sociology · World Englishes · EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning · Law · Multilingual Education and Policy · Second Language Learning and Teaching

Tools

Open DOIOpen Access