Determination of early literacy profiles of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 22416646 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Yunus Emre Baştuğ (0000-0002-1961-9888, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, corresponding author), Hatice Bakkaloğlu (0000-0002-3226-9077, Ankara University) |
| Year | 2026 |
| Pages | 1-19 |
| Publication date | 2026-02-05 |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | European Journal of Special Needs Education (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0885-6257 • E-ISSN: 1469-591X |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/08856257.2026.2626352 |
| OpenAlex | W7127961185 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 53 |
This study aimed to determine the early literacy profiles of children with ASD. The study group consisted of 207 Turkish children diagnosed with ASD (M = 57.4, SD = 9.3) between 36 and 72 months. Receptive and expressive language skills were assessed using the Turkish Early Language Development Test (TELD-3), early literacy skills using the Test of Early Literacy (TEL) and print awareness using the Early Childhood Print Awareness Checklist (ECPAC). Nonverbal cognitive ability was measured with the Test of Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM), and ASD severity was assessed using Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Data were analysed using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA), followed by descriptive and comparative analyses to examine differences across profiles and ASD severity levels. The LPA results revealed a three-profile structure. According to their age and developmental level, children in the first profile (40%) were categorised as performing at an average level in terms of early literacy skills, children in the second profile (44.7%) were categorised as low-performing, and children in the third profile (15.3%) were categorised as very low-performing. This study contributes to the literature by providing a data-driven, profile-based understanding of early literacy development in Turkish-speaking children with ASD within a transparent orthographic context.
Autism · Autism spectrum disorder · Early childhood · Early literacy · Emergent literacy · Literacy · Typically developing · Assistive Technology in Communication and Mobility · Autism Spectrum Disorder Research · Reading and Literacy Development
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Decoding, Reading, and Reading Disability
Early Literacy Skills and Later Reading and Writing Performance Across Countries
The developmental origins of genetic factors influencing language and literacy
Latent profile analysis
Examining the relations between early language skills and environmental variables and literacy skills
The role of the traditional and digital home literacy environment in Chinese Kindergartners’ language and early literacy
| Highly cited | No |
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