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Media and Young Minds

Bibliographic Data

ID23318441
AuthorsCOUNCIL ON COMMUNICATIONS AND MEDIA, David Hill (0000-0001-5993-6194, Foundation for Human Potential), Nusheen Ameenuddin (0000-0002-6669-9913, Foundation for Human Potential), Yolanda Reid Chassiakos (Foundation for Human Potential), Corinn Cross (Foundation for Human Potential), Jeffrey Hutchinson (0000-0002-3604-8343, Foundation for Human Potential), Alanna Estin Levine (Foundation for Human Potential), Alanna Levine, Rhea Boyd (Foundation for Human Potential), Robert A Mendelson (Foundation for Human Potential), Megan A Moreno (0000-0003-2767-0787, Foundation for Human Potential), Robert Mendelson, Megan Moreno, Wendy Sue Swanson (Foundation for Human Potential)
Year2016
Volume138
Issue5
Publication date2016-11-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenuePEDIATRICS (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0031-4005 • E-ISSN: 1098-4275
PublisherAmerican Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1542/peds.2016-2591
PMID27940793
OpenAlexW3018912761
LanguageEN
Citations received227
References cited46

This Policy Statement was revised. See https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2025-075320. Infants, toddlers, and preschoolers are now growing up in environments saturated with a variety of traditional and new technologies, which they are adopting at increasing rates. Although there has been much hope for the educational potential of interactive media for young children, accompanied by fears about their overuse during this crucial period of rapid brain development, research in this area still remains limited. This policy statement reviews the existing literature on television, videos, and mobile/interactive technologies; their potential for educational benefit; and related health concerns for young children (0 to 5 years of age). The statement also highlights areas in which pediatric providers can offer specific guidance to families in managing their young children’s media use, not only in terms of content or time limits, but also emphasizing the importance of parent–child shared media use and allowing the child time to take part in other developmentally healthy activities.

Child Development and Digital Technology · Impact of Technology on Adolescents · Medicine · Social Media and Politics

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    Open Access•Elizabeth A Steed, Nancy L Leech et al.•Early Childhood Research Quarterly•2022

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    Open Access•Bar Shutzman, Naama Gershy•Computers in Human Behavior•2023

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    Open Access•Carrie A Ewin, Andrea Reupert et al.•Computers in Human Behavior•2021

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    Open Access•Brae Anne McArthur, Dillon T Browne et al.•Computers in Human Behavior•2020

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    Open Access•Hailey G Holmgren, Mccall A Booth et al.•Computers in Human Behavior•2024

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  • Impact of parents mobile device use on parent-child interaction

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    Open Access•Ric G Steele, Jeffrey A Hall et al.•Clinical Child and Family…•2020

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    Open Access•Jason M Nagata, Hoda S Abdel Magid et al.•Obesity•2020

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    Digital Health Task Force Ottawa Ontario Canadian Paediatric Society, Michelle…•Paediatrics and Child Health•2017

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    Open Access•K R Hesketh, R Lakshman et al.•Obesity Reviews•2017

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  • Technoference

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  • Association Between Screen Time and Children’s Performance on a Developmental Screening Test

    Open Access•Sheri Madigan, Dillon T Browne et al.•JAMA Pediatrics•2019

  • Associations Between Screen Use and Child Language Skills

    Open Access•Sheri Madigan, Brae Anne McArthur et al.•JAMA Pediatrics•2020

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    Open Access•Andrew Zi Han Yee, Sun Sun Lim et al.•Journal of Children and Media•2026

  • School-Issued Devices for Home Use in Kindergarten through 5th Grade and Parent Perceptions of Child Learning, Behavior, and Conflict

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    Open Access•Monique Moore Hill, Devon N Gangi et al.•Child Psychiatry & Human…•2024

  • Screen time and associated risks in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders during a discrete Covid-19 lockdown period

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    Open Access•Mark S Tremblay, Jean‐philippe Chaput et al.•BMC Public Health•2017

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    Open Access•Sarah Gonzalez-Nahm, Elyse R Grossman et al.•Maternal and Child Health Journal•2018

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    Open Access•Timothy Culbert•Children•2017

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    Open Access•Thomas U Grund, Heike Krüger et al.•International Journal of Mental…•2025

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    Open Access•Bozhi Chen, Rob M van Dam et al.•BMC Public Health•2019

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    Open Access•Yuxuan Zhu, Yating Cheng et al.•BMC Public Health•2024

  • Digital Exposure in Early Childhood

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    Open Access•Simone A Tomaz, Trina Hinkley et al.•International Journal of…•2020

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  • Correlation Between Screen Time and Autistic Symptoms as Well as Development Quotients in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

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    Open Access•Ashley E Hinten, Kristina Wolsey et al.•Children•2022

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  • Empowering parents’ role towards digital well-being of preschoolers

    Open Access•Rubina Bishunke, Pushpa Kumari Sunar et al.•Frontiers in Human Dynamics•2026

  • Sanal Otizm

    Open Access•Mehmet Başaran•Mevzu – Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi•2025

  • Infant Self-Regulation and Early Childhood Media Exposure

    Jenny S Radesky, Jenny Radesky et al.•PEDIATRICS•2014

  • Salivary Cortisol Mediates Effects of Poverty and Parenting on Executive Functions in Early Childhood

    Open Access•Clancy Blair, Douglas A Granger et al.•Child Development•2011

  • Putting Education in “Educational” Apps

    Open Access•Kathy Hirsh‐pasek, Kathy Hirsh-Pasek et al.•Psychological Science in the…•2015

  • Patterns of Mobile Device Use by Caregivers and Children During Meals in Fast Food Restaurants

    Jenny S Radesky, Jenny Radesky et al.•PEDIATRICS•2014

  • Use of Mobile Technology to Calm Upset Children

    Open Access•Jenny S Radesky, Jenny Radesky et al.•JAMA Pediatrics•2016

  • The Impact of Background Television on Parent–Child Interaction

    Open Access•Heather Kirkorian, Heather L Kirkorian et al.•Child Development•2009

  • The Effects of Background Television on the Toy Play Behavior of Very Young Children

    Open Access•Marie Schmidt, Marie Evans Schmidt et al.•Child Development•2008

  • Skype Me! Socially Contingent Interactions Help Toddlers Learn Language

    Open Access•Sarah Roseberry, Kathy Hirsh‐pasek et al.•Child Development•2014

  • Maternal Mobile Device Use During a Structured Parent–Child Interaction Task

    Open Access•Jenny Radesky, A L Miller et al.•Academic Pediatrics•2015

  • Audible Television and Decreased Adult Words, Infant Vocalizations, and Conversational Turns

    Dimitri Christakis, Dimitri A Christakis et al.•Archives of Pediatrics and…•2009

  • Exposure and Use of Mobile Media Devices by Young Children

    Hilda K Kabali, Matilde M Irigoyen et al.•PEDIATRICS•2015

  • Media Use in School-Aged Children and Adolescents

    COUNCIL ON COMMUNICATIONS AND MEDIA, David Hill et al.•PEDIATRICS•2016

  • Associations between Media Viewing and Language Development in Children Under Age 2 Years

    Open Access•Frederick J Zimmerman, Dimitri Christakis et al.•The Journal of Pediatrics•2007

  • Trajectories of Early Television Contact in Japan

    Masumi Sugawara, Satoko Matsumoto et al.•Journal of Children and Media•2015

  • Tap, click, read

    Colleen Russo, Colleen Elizabeth Russo•Journal of Children and Media•2016

  • Affordances and limitations of electronic storybooks for young children's emergent literacy

    Open Access•Adriana G Bus, Zsofia K Takacs et al.•Developmental Review•2015

  • The relation between television exposure and executive function among preschoolers

    Amy I Nathanson, Fashina Aladé et al.•Developmental Psychology•2014

  • Television and Very Young Children

    Open Access•Daren R Anderson, Daniel R Anderson et al.•American Behavioral Scientist•2005

Unique citing works227
Citations per year25,22
Citation span2017 - 2026 (10)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 192

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