Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Why Sleep Is Important for Health

A Psychoneuroimmunology Perspective

Bibliographic Data

ID23325944
AuthorsMichael R Irwin (0000-0002-1502-8431, Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, corresponding author)
Year2015
Volume66
Issue1
Pages143-172
Publication date2015-01-03
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAnnual Review of Psychology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0066-4308 • E-ISSN: 1545-2085
PublisherAnnual Reviews (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115205
PMID25061767
OpenAlexW2125158184
LanguageEN
Citations received91
References cited186

Sleep has a critical role in promoting health. Research over the past decade has documented that sleep disturbance has a powerful influence on the risk of infectious disease, the occurrence and progression of several major medical illnesses including cardiovascular disease and cancer, and the incidence of depression. Increasingly, the field has focused on identifying the biological mechanisms underlying these effects. This review highlights the impact of sleep on adaptive and innate immunity, with consideration of the dynamics of sleep disturbance, sleep restriction, and insomnia on (a) antiviral immune responses with consequences for vaccine responses and infectious disease risk and (b) proinflammatory immune responses with implications for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and depression. This review also discusses the neuroendocrine and autonomic neural underpinnings linking sleep disturbance and immunity and the reciprocal links between sleep and inflammatory biology. Finally, interventions are discussed as effective strategies to improve sleep, and potential opportunities are identified to promote sleep health for therapeutic control of chronic infectious, inflammatory, and neuropsychiatric diseases.

Cognition · Disease · Immune system · Infectious disease (medical specialty) · Insomnia · Psychiatry · Psychoneuroimmunology · Sleep (system call) · Sleep deprivation · Sleep disorder · Sleep restriction · Circadian rhythm and melatonin · Immunology · Medicine · Neuroscience · Psychology · Sleep and related disorders · Stress Responses and Cortisol

  • Exploring the importance of bodyset for the psychedelic experience and beyond

    Open Access•M V Uthaug, Giancarlo Allocca et al.•Journal of Psychedelic Studies•2025

  • Perceived Discrimination and Adolescent Sleep in a Community Sample

    Open Access•Bridget J Goosby, Jacob E Cheadle et al.•RSF The Russell Sage Foundation…•2018

  • Income, mental health, and sleep quality in sexual minorities in the United Kingdom

    R Jaspal, Barbara Lopes et al.•Psychology of Sexual Orientation…•2025

  • Assessment of Sleep Quality in Adolescents with Overweight and Obesity Using the Adolescent Sleep Hygiene Scale (ASHS)

    Open Access•Eleftheria Kampani, Eleni P Kotanidou et al.•Children•2024

  • Health consequences of shift work and insufficient sleep

    Open Access•Göran Kecklund, John Axelsson•BMJ•2016

  • Research on the correlation of immunity in patients with chronic insomnia

    Open Access•Lin Nie, Li Nie et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2022

  • The mediating roles of cognitive emotion regulation and resilience in the association between life events and sleep quality among medical students

    Open Access•Bo Zhu, Xiaomeng Gao et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2025

  • Efficacy of acupuncture treatment for breast cancer-related insomnia

    Open Access•Ping Yin, Qian Fan et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2024

  • Neurological Symptoms and Their Associations With Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Chronic Phase Following Traumatic Brain Injuries

    Open Access•Gangqin Li, Hao Liu et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2022

  • Determinants of Poor Sleep Quality During the Covid-19 Pandemic Among Women Attending Antenatal Care Services at the Health Facilities of Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia

    Open Access•Nakachew Sewnet Amare, Basazinew Chekol et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2022

  • Association of Insufficient or Excess Sleep with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Presence of Periodontitis

    Open Access•Se-Yeon Kim, Ji-Soo Kim et al.•International Journal of…•2020

  • Self-Rated Health and Inflammation

    Bert N Uchino, Joshua Landvatter et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2019

  • Don’t sleep on it

    Gerald J Haeffel•Journal of Personality and Social…•2016

  • Influence of lifestyle patterns on depression among adults with diabetes

    Open Access•Baoping Wang, Yuxin Fan et al.•BMC Public Health•2024

  • Recent Stressful Life Events and Perceived Stress as Serial Mediators of the Association between Adverse Childhood Events and Insomnia

    Grant Benham, Ruby Charak et al.•Behavioral Medicine•2024

  • The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease

    Luciana Besedovsky, Tanja Lange et al.•Physiological Reviews•2019

  • The 2024 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change

    Open Access•Marina Romanello, Maria Walawender et al.•The Lancet•2024

  • Inflammation

    Janice K Kiecolt-Glaser, Heather M Derry et al.•American Journal of Psychiatry•2015

  • Lovesick

    Janice K Kiecolt-Glaser, Stephanie J Wilson•Annual Review of Clinical…•2017

  • So Close and Yet So Irritating

    Open Access•Kira S Birditt, Carey Wexler Sherman et al.•The Journals of Gerontology…•2018

  • Discrimination and Sleep

    Open Access•Angelina Majeno, Kristine M Molina et al.•Annals of Behavioral Medicine•2022

  • Mediating effect of depression and acute stress between exposure to Israel-Gaza war media coverage and insomnia

    Open Access•Feten Fekih‐Romdhane, Mai Helmy et al.•BMC Public Health•2024

  • Association between sleep patterns and galectin-3 in a Chinese community population

    Open Access•Lin Liu, Juanying Zhen et al.•BMC Public Health•2024

  • A U-shaped relationship between nighttime sleep duration and new-onset emotional, nervous, or psychiatric problems

    Open Access•Hao Wu, Shuai Wang et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2025

  • Health behaviours the month prior to Covid-19 infection and the development of self-reported long Covid and specific long Covid symptoms

    Open Access•Elise Paul, Daisy Fancourt•BMC Public Health•2022

  • Association between sleep quality and quality of life in Singapore

    Open Access•Hong Tay, Yen Sin Koh et al.•Quality of Life Research•2024

  • The Relationship between Cognitive Function, Lifestyle Behaviours and Perception of Stress during the Covid-19 Induced Confinement

    Open Access•Hela Znazen, Maamer Slimani et al.•International Journal of…•2021

  • Age and Hair Cortisol Levels as Predictors of Sars-CoV-2 Infection

    Open Access•Nancy Fiedler, Pamela Ohman‐Strickland et al.•International Journal of…•2024

  • Is Bedtime Procrastination Related to Multidimensional Sleep Health? Evidence from Samples of Different Educational Stages (Aged 10–25) in China

    Open Access•Yifan Zhang, Haoxian Ye et al.•Child Psychiatry & Human…•2024

  • From infected to recovered

    Open Access•Outong Chen, Fang Guan et al.•BMC Public Health•2024

  • Multilevel analysis of sleep arrangements and psychological well-being among older couples in Taiwan

    Open Access•Wen-Hsu Lin, Wen‐hsu Lin et al.•BMC Public Health•2025

  • Sleep Disturbances and Delayed Sleep Timing are Associated with Greater Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Youth Following Hurricane Harvey

    Open Access•Colin A Palmer, Alexis Bahn et al.•Child Psychiatry & Human…•2022

  • Effects of music-based interventions on sleep quality in older adults

    Open Access•Yupeng He, Yingcong Liu et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2026

  • Insights Gained in the Aftermath of the Covid-19 Pandemic

    Open Access•Etelka Szovák, K Varga et al.•International Journal of…•2020

  • Role of social support in the relationship between resilience and sleep quality among cancer patients

    Open Access•Chunying Cui, Lie Wang•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2024

  • Promoting Health by Improving Subjective Sleep Quality? Reduction in Depressive Symptoms and Inflammation as Potential Mechanisms and Implications for Trauma-Exposed Persons

    Open Access•Tamara L Newton, Rafael Fernandez-Botrán•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2016

  • Associations between sleep duration trajectories and physical dysfunction among middle-aged and older Chinese adults

    Open Access•Xiaojiang Zhao, Liang Han et al.•BMC Public Health•2025

  • Association of meeting 24-hour movement guidelines with anxiety and depressive symptoms in adults

    Open Access•William R Tebar, Beatriz A S Aguilar et al.•BMC Public Health•2024

  • Level of Physical Activity, Sleep Quality and Use of Personal Protective Equipment of Students at Wroclaw Medical University during the Covid-19 Pandemic

    Open Access•Aureliusz Kosendiak, Bartosz Bogusz Adamczak et al.•International Journal of…•2023

  • Sleep Traits, Night Shift Work and Lung Cancer Risk among Women

    Open Access•Emilie Cordina‐Duverger, Shreeshti Uchai et al.•International Journal of…•2022

  • Correlation between Sleep Quality and Frailty Status among Middle-Aged and Older Taiwanese People

    Open Access•An-Chen Shih, Lee-hwa Chen et al.•International Journal of…•2020

  • Rising temperatures erode human sleep globally

    Open Access•Kelton Minor, Andreas Bjerre-Nielsen et al.•One Earth•2022

  • A low-threshold sleep intervention for improving sleep quality and well-being

    Open Access•Esther‐Sevil Eigl, Esther-Sevil Eigl et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2023

  • Impaired Well-Being and Insomnia as Residuals of Resolved Medical Conditions

    Open Access•Danilo Menicucci, Luca Bastiani et al.•International Journal of…•2024

  • The relationship between perceived stress and bedtime procrastination among Chinese college students

    Open Access•Qiuyue He, Hong Wu et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2025

  • The association between sleep duration trajectories and successful aging

    Open Access•Liuhong Tian, Pan Ding et al.•BMC Public Health•2024

  • Covid-19-Related Factors Associated with Sleep Disturbance and Suicidal Thoughts among the Taiwanese Public

    Open Access•Dian‐Jeng Li, Nai-Ying Ko et al.•International Journal of…•2020

  • Sleep and mental health among Chinese adolescents

    Open Access•Liangliang Li, Yueying Zhang et al.•BMC Psychology•2024

  • CD4+ T cell dysregulation in major depressive disorder is associated with sleep disturbance

    Open Access•Yao Gao, Zihan Lei et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2026

  • Predicting SSRI-Resistance

    Open Access•Huijie Zhang, Xianglu Li et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2020

  • Cultivating intention to pursue health-related studies among a pilot group of high schoolers

    Open Access•Maria-Isabel Roldós, Judith Aponte•Frontiers in Education•2026

  • The impact of insomnia on the development of arterial hypertension

    Open Access•Zuzanna Gliniecka, Jakub Rafalski et al.•Humanities & Social Sciences…•2026

  • Physical activity and happiness of college students

    Open Access•Kehan Li, Roxana Dev Omar Dev et al.•Frontiers in Public Health•2025

  • Spillover Effect of the Internet on Trade Performance Based on a Vision of the Public's Sleep Health

    Open Access•Xiaotao Zhang, Da Huo et al.•Frontiers in Public Health•2022

  • Weekly work hours and cervical spine dysfunction among video display terminal workers

    Open Access•Liuzhuo Zhang, Aipin Xiao et al.•Frontiers in Public Health•2026

  • Sleep duration and the risk of new-onset arthritis in middle-aged and older adult population

    Open Access•Qiangqiang Shang, Jie Zhou et al.•Frontiers in Public Health•2024

  • Insomnia and sleep duration on Covid-19 susceptibility and hospitalization

    Open Access•Liuqing Peng, Jiarui Jing et al.•Frontiers in Public Health•2022

  • A study on the association between sleep quality and mental health of township healthcare workers from the perspective of social support

    Open Access•Sheng Li, Yali Feng et al.•Frontiers in Public Health•2026

  • Longitudinal trajectories and risk factors of insomnia symptoms among Chinese bus drivers

    Open Access•Jingbo Zhao, Huatao Yang et al.•Frontiers in Public Health•2026

  • How do low-carbon city policies shape older adults health? Evidence from environmental and mobility pathways in China

    Open Access•Xiaonan Yue, Yudi Li•Frontiers in Public Health•2025

  • Moderated serial mediation effects of adaptation problems, academic stress, and interpersonal relationships on the sleep quality of early-year university students

    Open Access•Chenyang Zhao, Yang Zhang•Frontiers in Public Health•2024

  • Psychosocial Vulnerabilities to Upper Respiratory Infectious Illness

    Open Access•Sheldon Cohen•Perspectives on Psychological…•2021

  • Ethics of sleep tracking

    Open Access•Regina Müller, Eva Kuhn et al.•Ethics and Information Technology•2023

  • Age-dependent associations among insomnia, depression, and inflammation in nurses

    Jamie Walker, Jamie L Walker et al.•Psychology & Health•2021

  • Acute and chronic sleep deprivation in residents

    Open Access•Shoham Choshen-Hillel, Shoham Choshen‐Hillel et al.•Medical Education•2021

  • Associations among early life adversity, sleep disturbances, and depressive symptoms in adolescent females and males

    Open Access•Jessica P Uy, Ian H Gotlib•Journal of Child Psychology and…•2024

  • Multiplex influences on vigilance and biochemical variables induced by sleep deprivation

    Open Access•Shiqi Liu, Xiaohong Ma et al.•Frontiers in Sports and Active…•2024

  • Changes in the lifestyle behavior and anthropometrics of university students after the first year

    Open Access•Héctor Gutiérrez‐espinoza, María Cassola-Cajiao et al.•Frontiers in Sports and Active…•2025

  • Consensus statement on developmentally appropriate policy and practice for adolescents in foster care

    Open Access•Mary Dozier, Judith G Smetana et al.•Children and Youth Services Review•2025

  • Discrimination, Sleep, and Stress Reactivity

    Open Access•Bridget J Goosby, Elizabeth Straley et al.•Population Research and Policy…•2017

  • The translation and validation of the Organ Transplant Symptom and Well-Being Instrument in China

    Open Access•Ying Shi, Dan Zhang et al.•PLOS Global Public Health•2022

  • The influence of physical activity on sleep quality in people living with HIV

    Jéssica Fernanda Corrêa Cordeiro, Jeferson Roberto Collevatti dos Anjos et al.•AIDS Care•2025

  • Associations of total daily working hours encompassing unpaid care and domestic work with nonrestorative sleep and mental health in middle-aged Japanese men and women

    Open Access•Akiko Morimoto, Hideaki Furuki et al.•Social Science & Medicine•2026

  • Sleep and Inflammation During Adolescence

    Heejung Park, Kim M Tsai et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2016

  • Sleep Disturbance as a Mediator of Lung Cancer Stigma on Psychological Distress and Physical Symptom Burden

    Timothy J Williamson, Edward B Garon et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2024

  • Sleep, Positive Affect, and Circulating Interleukin-6 in Women With Temporomandibular Joint Disorder

    Carly A Hunt, Chung Jung Mun et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2022

  • Reciprocal Relationship Between Sleep Macrostructure and Evening and Morning Cellular Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis

    Martin F Bjurström, Richard Olmstead et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2017

  • Ten Tips to Hurdle the Injuries and Illnesses During Major Athletics Championships

    Open Access•Pascal Edouard, Andy Richardson et al.•Frontiers in Sports and Active…•2019

  • Why is personality tied to sleep quality? A biometric analysis of twins

    Open Access•Zlatan Krizan, Garrett C Hisler et al.•Journal of Research in Personality•2021

  • Longitudinal Association Among Sleep Problems and Depressive Symptoms

    Open Access•Jianping Ma, Jue Deng•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2025

  • Examining the Reciprocal Association Between Worry and Sleep

    Open Access•Clara Law, Alexander W Sokolovsky et al.•Behavior Therapy•2025

  • Subjective Social Status and Adolescent Health

    Open Access•Virginia W Huynh, Jessica J Chiang•Youth & Society•2018

  • Sleep Quality and Sleep Behaviors in Varsity Athletes

    Open Access•Lyndon J Rebello, Lyndon Rebello et al.•Frontiers in Sports and Active…•2022

  • Interactions between co-sleeping, sleep quality, and relationship health

    Open Access•Monica Levy Andersen, Tathiana A Alvarenga et al.•Journal of Health Psychology•2025

  • Sleep during travel balances individual sleep needs

    Open Access•Sigga Svala Jonasdottir, James Bagrow et al.•Nature Human Behaviour•2022

  • Individual sleep need is flexible and dynamically related to cognitive function

    Open Access•Anders M Fjell, Kristine B Walhovd•Nature Human Behaviour•2024

  • Lifestyle behavior of physiotherapy students from Ecuador upon admission to higher education

    Open Access•Héctor Gutiérrez-Espinoza, Héctor Gutiérrez‐espinoza et al.•Frontiers in Sports and Active…•2024

  • Longitudinal interplays between basic psychological need satisfaction and sleep among older adults in China

    Open Access•Jing Li•Social Science & Medicine•2023

  • Effects of stress on sleep quality

    Open Access•Jun Zhang, Xiaowen Li et al.•Psicologia Reflexão e Crítica•2024

  • The Human Sleep Paradox

    D R Samson•Annual Review of Anthropology•2021

  • Discrimination in Middle Eastern and North African Americans predicts Worse Mental Health as Mediated by Sleep

    Open Access•Pedram Rastegar, Philip Zendels et al.•Journal of Racial and Ethnic…•2024

  • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

    American Psychiatric Association American Psychiatric Association, Ewer Ewer•Diagnostic And Statistical Manual…•2013

  • Sleep duration predicts cardiovascular outcomes

    Francesco P Cappuccio, Daniel G Cooper et al.•European Heart Journal•2011

  • The Role of Actigraphy in the Study of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms

    Sonia Ancoli-Israel, Sonia Ancoli‐israel et al.•Sleep•2003

  • Origin and physiological roles of inflammation

    Open Access•Ruslan Medzhitov•Nature•2008

  • The Insomnia Severity Index

    Charles M Morin, Geneviève Belleville et al.•Sleep•2011

  • Inflammation and Atherosclerosis

    Peter Libby, Paul M Ridker et al.•Circulation•2002

  • Insomnia as a predictor of depression

    Open Access•Chiara Baglioni, Gemma Battagliese et al.•Journal of Affective Disorders•2011

  • Epidemiology of insomnia

    Open Access•Maurice M Ohayon•Sleep Medicine Reviews•2002

  • Loneliness, Social Network Size, and Immune Response to Influenza Vaccination in College Freshmen.

    Sarah D Pressman, Sheldon Cohen et al.•Health Psychology•2005

  • Epidemiologic Study of Sleep Disturbances and Psychiatric Disorders

    Daniel E Ford•JAMA•1989

  • Sleep Health

    Daniel J Buysse•Sleep•2014

  • Mortality Associated With Sleep Duration and Insomnia

    Daniel F Kripke, Lawrence Garfinkel et al.•Archives of General Psychiatry•2002

  • Psychological Stress and Antibody Response to Influenza Vaccination

    Gale E Miller, Gregory E Miller et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2004

  • Sleep Enhances the Human Antibody Response to Hepatitis A Vaccination

    Tanja Lange, Boris Perras et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2003

  • Partial sleep deprivation reduces natural killer cell activity in humans

    Michael R Irwin, M Irwin et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•1994

  • Overnight Changes of Immune Parameters and Catecholamines Are Associated With Mood and Stress

    Winfried Rief, Paul J Mills et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2010

  • Insomnia and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein

    Lars Erik Laugsand, Lars J Vatten et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2012

  • C-reactive protein Levels and Sleep Disturbances

    Timo Liukkonen, Pirkko Räsänen et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2007

  • Circadian Immune Measures in Healthy Volunteers

    Ziad Kronfol, Madhavan Nair et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•1997

  • Insomnia in HIV Infection

    Steven Reid, Justin Dwyer•Psychosomatic Medicine•2005

  • Disordered Sleep, Nocturnal Cytokines, and Immunity in Alcoholics

    Laura Redwine, Jeff Dang et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2003

  • Chronic Insomnia and Immune Functioning

    Josée Savard, Liny Laroche et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2003

  • Healthy Older Adults’ Sleep Predicts All-Cause Mortality at 4 to 19 Years of Follow-Up

    Mary Amanda Dew, Carolyn C Hoch et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2003

  • From stress to inflammation and major depressive disorder

    George M Slavich, Michael R Irwin•Psychological Bulletin•2014

Unique citing works91
Citations per year8,27
Citation span2015 - 2026 (12)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 78

Tools

Open DOISci-HubOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae