Socioeconomic Inequalities in Health
No Easy Solution
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 23327720 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Nancy E Adler (0000-0001-6962-0724, University of California, San Francisco, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1993 |
| Volume | 269 |
| Issue | 24 |
| Pages | 3140 |
| Publication date | 1993-06-23 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | JAMA (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0098-7484 • E-ISSN: 1538-3598 |
| Publisher | American Medical Association (AMA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1001/jama.1993.03500240084031 |
| PMID | 8505817 |
| OpenAlex | W2044998035 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 272 |
| References cited | 36 |
OBJECTIVE: Socioeconomic status (SES) is strongly associated with risk of disease and mortality. Universal health insurance is being debated as one remedy for such health inequalities. This article considers mechanisms through which SES affects health and argues that a broader and more comprehensive approach is needed. DATA SOURCES: Published articles surveyed using MEDLINE and review articles and bibliographies. METHODS AND RESULTS: Research is reviewed on the association of SES with health outcomes in different countries, including those with universal health coverage. Socioeconomic status relates to health at all levels of the SES hierarchy, and access to care accounts for little of this association. Other mechanisms are suggested and implications for policy and clinical practice are discussed. CONCLUSION: Health insurance coverage alone is not likely to reduce significantly SES differences in health. Attention should be paid both in policy decisions and in clinical practice to other SES-related factors that may influence patterns of health and disease.
Disease · Economic growth · Environmental health · Health care · Health equity · Hierarchy · Inequality · MEDLINE · Political science · Population · Public health · Social determinants of health · Socioeconomic status · Chronic Disease Management Strategies · Health disparities and outcomes · Healthcare Systems and Reforms · Medicine · Nursing · Gerontology · Health Policy
Social group dynamics predict stress variability among children in a New Zealand classroom
Social Epidemiology
Racial and Gender-Based Differences in Covid-19
The impact of pension insurance types on the health of older adults in China
Socioeconomic Determinants of Melanoma-Related Health Literacy and Attitudes Among College Students in China
Racial Disparities in Covid-19 Hospitalization and In-hospital Mortality at the Height of the New York City Pandemic
Changes in the association of low birth weight with socioeconomic status in Hawaii
Norm internalization and the cognitive mechanism of cultural consonance
How Social Care Beneficiaries in Poland Rate Relative Harmfulness of Various Tobacco and Nicotine-Containing Products
Analyzing Spatial Patterns of Health Vulnerability to Drought in the Brazilian Semiarid Region
Effect of socioeconomic status on the physical and mental health of the elderly
Socioeconomic disparities in physical health among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children in Western Australia
Racism and Mental Health
The cross cultural context of obesity
The stress process in neighborhood context
Feeling frugal
Parenting, Culture, and Context
Daily Hassles' Role in Health Seeking Behavior among Low-income Populations
The Right to the Highest Attainable Standard of Health
The Effects of Poverty on Children
The Role of Social Change in Preventing Low Birth Weight
Health Care Delivery in a Diverse Society
Black–white differences in health-related quality of life among older adults
Psychometric properties of the Patient Activation Measure among individuals presenting for elective lumbar spine surgery
Public health pedagogy, border crossings and physical activity at every size
Associations of Successful Aging With Socioeconomic Position Across the Life-Course
Older Women on the U.S.-México Border
Adding Aging and Gender to the Women's Health Agenda
Neighborhood Effects on Health
US Socioeconomic and Racial Differences in Health
Food insufficiency and women's mental health
Patients' decisions for treatment of end-stage renal disease and their implications for access to transplantation
Adolescence and health inequalities
A comparison of the relationships of education and income with mortality
Education and self-care activities among persons with rheumatoid arthritis
Social Environment and Physical activity
Inequality in social rank and adult nutritional status
Does class matter? SES and psychosocial health among Hungarian adolescents
Time perspective and socioeconomic status
Socioeconomic status and health
Health and gender differences between middle and senior managers in the Canadian Public Service
Gender differences in the management of risk factors for cardiovascular disease
An event history analysis of age at last menstrual period
Social capital, life expectancy and mortality
Education, gender, and mortality
Income inequality, residential poverty clustering and infant mortality
Patterns of class inequality in health through the lifespan
Social rank and adult male nutritional status
Social inequalities in health
Socioeconomic inequity in health care
The dynamics of income and neighborhood context for population health
Global variations in health
Social inequalities in health within countries
Social environment, life challenge, and health among the elderly in Taiwan
Medical Resources and National Homicide Rates
Feminization of the Aids Epidemic
Coronary risk factor levels
When does work stress hurt? Testing the interaction with socioeconomic position in the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study
Utilización de los servicios de salud
Social Status and Health in Humans and Other Animals
Health Psychology
Relative Status and Well-Being
Risky families
Socioeconomic differences in children's health
Understanding the association between socioeconomic status and physical health
From Research to Policy
Personal Characteristics and Self-Assessed Health
Education and Income Differentials in Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening
Intelligence
Socioeconomic Status, Resources, Psychological Experiences, and Emotional Responses
Attitudes toward Needle "Sharing" among Injection Drug Users
The evolutionary basis of risky adolescent behavior
Interactive effects of early-life income harshness and unpredictability on children’s socioemotional and academic functioning in kindergarten and adolescence
Alternate models of sibling status effects on health in later life
Evolution, stress, and sensitive periods
Promoting child development through group-based parent support within a cash transfer program
Beyond cumulative risk
Family Poverty, Welfare Reform, and Child Development
Educational and economic determinants of food intake in Portuguese adults
Health-related quality of life and comorbidity among older women veterans in the United States
Differential item functioning of the CAHPS® In-Center Hemodialysis Survey
Does having children affect women's oral health? A longitudinal study
Tuskegee and the Health of Black Men
Advances in the Conceptualization of the Stress Process
The Cambridge Handbook of Substance and Behavioral Addictions
Women's Health Psychology
Mortality Differentials
Socioeconomic Status and Health Care
Access to Resources
Developing a Social Class and Classism Consciousness
Socioeconomic Factors, Health Behaviors, and Mortality
The concept of allostasis in biology and biomedicine
Health Psychology
Structural Competency
Stress and the Individual
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adult Risk Factors for Age-Related Disease
Cumulative Social Disadvantage and Child Health
We Can Do Better — Improving the Health of the American People
Socioeconomic Status and Health
The State of US Health, 1990-2010
Theory of fertility decline
The Epidemiologic Transition
Aging and Health
The Association of Changes in Physical-Activity Level and Other Lifestyle Characteristics with Mortality among Men
Socioecological stressor areas and black-white blood pressure
Psychosocial Influences on Mortality after Myocardial Infarction
Poverty and Health Prospective Evidence From the Alameda County Study
Social class disparities in risk factors for disease
Social Class, Susceptibility and Sickness
Social Class, Life Expectancy and Overall Mortality
Socioeconomic Status, John Henryism, and Hypertension in Blacks and Whites
Age, Socioeconomic Status, and Health
Inequalities in Death—specific Explanations of a General Pattern?
Income distribution and life expectancy.
Employment grade and coronary heart disease in British civil servants.
Educational Attainment and Behavioral and Biologic Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease in Middle-Aged Women
Psychological Stress and Susceptibility to the Common Cold
Health inequalities among British civil servants
Major depressive disorder predicts cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease
Life Events and Myocardial Infarction Revisited
Psychological predictors of heart disease
Socioeconomic status and obesity
Socioeconomic status and risk of cancer, cerebral stroke, and death due to coronary heart disease and any disease
Health and the environment in the 1990s
Cervical cancer screening
Race and weight change in US women
Negative life events, perceived stress, negative affect, and susceptibility to the common cold
Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms
More resources better health? A cross-national perspective
Inequality in health-Some theoretical and empirical problems
Causal explanations for class inequality in health-An empirical analysis
Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis
Socioeconomic Status Differences in Vulnerability to Undesirable Life Events
A New Perspective on the Relationships Among Race, Social Class, and Psychological Distress
Income distribution and mortality
| Unique citing works | 272 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 8 |
| Citation span | 1992 - 2024 (33) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 194 |