The Last Glacial Maximum
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 23345969 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Peter U Clark (0000-0003-4752-6045, Oregon State University, corresponding author), Arthur S Dyke (Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E8, Canada.), Jeremy D Shakun (0000-0002-9985-5732, Oregon State University), Anders E Carlson (0000-0002-7954-067X, Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.), Jorie Clark (0000-0001-8506-3606, Oregon State University), Barbara Wohlfarth (0000-0003-0374-1368, Stockholm University), J X Mitrovica (0000-0002-3920-1331, Planetary Science Institute), S W Hostetler (0000-0003-2272-8302, United States Geological Survey), Anne McCabe (0000-0001-6395-1442, University of Ulster), A Marshall McCabe (University of Ulster) |
| Year | 2009 |
| Volume | 325 |
| Issue | 5941 |
| Pages | 710-714 |
| Publication date | 2009-08-07 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Science (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0036-8075 • E-ISSN: 0193-4511 |
| Publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1126/science.1172873 |
| PMID | 19661421 |
| OpenAlex | W2001072306 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 400 |
| References cited | 56 |
The Melting Is in the Details Global sea level rises and falls as ice sheets and glaciers melt and grow, providing an integrated picture of the changes in ice volume but little information about how much individual ice fields are contributing to those variations. Knowing the regional structure of ice variability during glaciations and deglaciations will clarify the mechanisms of the glacial cycle. Clark et al. (p. 710 ) compiled and analyzed more than 5000 radiocarbon and cosmogenic surface exposure ages in order to develop a record of maximum regional ice extent around the time of the Last Glacial Maximum. The responses of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres differed significantly, which reveals how the evolution of specific ice sheets affected sea level and provides insight into how insolation controlled the deglaciation.
Antarctic sea ice · Climatology · Cryosphere · Deglaciation · Geography · Glacial period · Glacier · Ice core · Ice sheet · Ice-sheet model · Insolation · Last Glacial Maximum · Physical geography · Radiocarbon dating · Sea ice · Cryospheric studies and observations · Geology · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research · Oceanography · Paleontology · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
Recent Developments in African Offshore Prehistoric Archaeological Research, with an Emphasis on South Africa
New Evidence for a Possible Paleolithic Occupation of the Eastern North American Continental Shelf at the Last Glacial Maximum
Hunting Mammoths after the Gravettian – The lithic industry at Langmannersdorf
Filling in some gaps
Thermocline and paleoproductivity changes off West Simeulue Island in relation to monsoonal hydroclimate since the Last Glacial Maximum
Terminology, process and change
Climatology of the Eastern Arabian Sea during the last glacial Cycle reconstructed from paired measurement of foraminiferal δ 18 O and Mg/Ca
Luminescence dating of fluvial and coastal red sediments in the SE Coast, India, and implications for paleoenvironmental changes and dune reddening
Reconstruction of past climate variability and Enso-like fluctuations in the southern Gulf of California (Alfonso Basin) since the last glacial maximum
Episodic deposition of Illinois Valley Peoria silt in association with Lake Michigan Lobe fluctuations during the last glacial maximum
Near-surface winds at the southern Laurentide ice margin through the last deglaciation
Eolian sedimentation in central European Auel dry maar from 60 to 13 ka
Chronology of the early transgressive phase of Lake Bonneville
Cosmogenic nuclide age estimate for Laurentide Ice Sheet recession from the terminal moraine, New Jersey, USA, and constraints on latest Pleistocene ice sheet history
Paleoenvironment and human activity on the central Korean Peninsula during the late MIS 3 and MIS 2
Timing and extent of Late Pleistocene glaciation in the Chugach Mountains, Alaska
Early deglaciation and paleolake history of Río Cisnes Glacier, Patagonian Ice Sheet (44°S)
Co-occurrence of mylodontid sloths and insights on their potential distributions during the late Pleistocene
Late Glacial Lake-Level Changes in the Lake Karakul Basin (a Closed Glacierized-Basin), eastern Pamirs, Tajikistan
Timing of glacier advances and climate in the High Tatra Mountains (Western Carpathians) during the Last Glacial Maximum
Late Quaternary micromammals and the precipitation history of the southern Cape, South Africa
A late pleistocene glacial chronology from the Kitschi-Kurumdu Valley, Tien Shan (Kyrgyzstan), based on 10 Be surface exposure dating
Coastal occupation and foraging during the last glacial maximum and early Holocene at Waterfall Bluff, eastern Pondoland, South Africa
Latest Pleistocene glacial chronology and paleoclimate reconstruction for the East River watershed, Colorado, USA
Insect trace fossils as indicators of climatic conditions during the uppermost Pleistocene deposits in southern Brazilian Atlantic coast
Late Pleistocene lake level, glaciation and climate change in the Mongolian Altai deduced from sedimentological and palynological archives
The Pleistocene footprints are younger than we thought
Last deglaciation hydroclimatic environment on the central inland of the Korean Peninsula based on pollen and microscopic charcoal records
The deglacial history of NW Alexander Island, Antarctica, from surface exposure dating
A continental perspective on the timing of environmental change during the last glacial stage in Australia
Late Quaternary sea-level changes of the Persian Gulf
High-resolution seismic imaging reveals infill history of a submerged Quaternary fjord system in the subantarctic Auckland Islands, New Zealand
Numerical modeling of the Snowmass Creek paleoglacier, Colorado, and climate in the Rocky Mountains during the Bull Lake glaciation (MIS 6)
A palaeoenvironmental record of the Southern Hemisphere last glacial maximum from the Mount Cass loess section, North Canterbury, Aotearoa/New Zealand
Introduction to the SHeMax thematic set and prospects for LGM research in the Southern Hemisphere
Late Quaternary glaciation history of isla de los Estados, southeasternmost South America
A 25,000 year record of climate and vegetation change from the southwestern Cape coast, South Africa
Late Quaternary deglaciation of Prince William Sound, Alaska
Decoupling of the East Asian summer monsoon and Indian summer monsoon between 20 and 17 ka
A conceptual model of valley incision, planation and terrace formation during cold and arid permafrost conditions of Pleistocene southern England
Fingerprinting of glacial silt in lake sediments yields continuous records of alpine glaciation (35–15 ka), western USA
Late Quaternary climate change in the northeastern Arabian Peninsula recorded in the oxygen isotope composition of carbonate cements of aeolianites
Glacial–interglacial cycles in the south-central and southeastern Pyrenees since ~180 ka (NE Spain–Andorra–S France)
The Carolina Sandhills
Postglacial paleoceanography and paleoenvironments in the northwestern Barents Sea
Optimizing extraction and targeted capture of ancient environmental DNA for reconstructing past environments using the PalaeoChip Arctic-1.0 bait-set
Paleogeographical reconstruction of the western French Alps foreland during the last glacial maximum using cosmogenic exposure dating
Consensus between genes and stones in the biogeographic and evolutionary history of Central America
Direct evidence of central European forest refugia during the last glacial period based on mollusc fossils
Stable Isotopes in Yellow-Bellied Marmot ( Marmota Flaviventris ) Fossils Reveal Environmental Stability in the Late Quaternary of the Colorado Rocky Mountains
Glacial and Holocene terrestrial temperature variability in subtropical east Australia as inferred from branched GDGT distributions in a sediment core from Lake McKenzie
Surface exposure dating reveals MIS-3 glacial maximum in the Khangai Mountains of Mongolia
Geomorphological record and equilibrium line altitude of glaciers during the last glacial maximum in the Rodna Mountains (eastern Carpathians)
Reconstruction of climate and ecology of Skagit Valley, Washington, from 27.7 to 19.8 ka based on plant and beetle macrofossils
Landscape evolution of the Ulan Buh Desert in northern China during the late Quaternary
Late Pleistocene and Holocene ice-wedge activity on the Blackstone Plateau, central Yukon, Canada
Year-long terrestrial record of millennial-scale linkage between eastern North American mid-latitude paleovegetation shifts and Greenland ice-core oxygen isotope trends
Implications of a Bayesian radiocarbon calibration of colonization ages for mammalian megafauna in glaciated New York State after the Last Glacial Maximum
Updated chronology for Peoria Silt (loess) accumulation in Illinois and western Indiana from radiocarbon dating of terrestrial gastropod shells
A drastic change in glacial dynamics at the beginning of the seventeenth century on Novaya Zemlya coincides in time with the strongest volcanic eruption in Peru and the Great Famine in Russia
Timing of advance and basal condition of the Laurentide Ice Sheet during the last glacial maximum in the Richardson Mountains, NWT
Patterns of aeolian deposition in subtropical Australia through the last glacial and deglacial periods
Hillslope and vegetation response to postglacial warming at Bear Meadows Bog, Pennsylvania, USA
The latest Ursus spelaeus in Italy, a new contribution to the extinction chronology of the cave bear
Paleoclimate record in the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt
Chronology of latest Pleistocene mountain glaciation in the western Wasatch Mountains, Utah, U.S.A.
Reconstruction of a complex late Quaternary glacial landscape in the Cordillera de Cochabamba (Bolivia) based on a morphostratigraphic and multiple dating approach
Millennial scale climate-fire-vegetation interactions in a mid-elevation mixed coniferous forest, Mission Range, northwestern Montana, USA
Numeric control on the late-glacial chronology of the southern Laurentide Ice Sheet derived from ice-proximal lacustrine deposits
A relative sea-level history for Arviat, Nunavut, and implications for Laurentide Ice Sheet thickness west of Hudson Bay
Hydrographic shifts south of Australia over the last deglaciation and possible interhemispheric linkages
Tropical Rainforest Dynamics and Palaeoclimate Implications since the late Pleistocene, Nilgiris, India
Neotectonic evolution of the Brazilian northeastern continental margin based on sedimentary facies and ichnology
Latest Pleistocene (17,500–13,500 cal yr BP) Arctic ground squirrel (Sciuridae
Timing of the Northern Prince Gustav Ice Stream retreat and the deglaciation of northern James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula during the last glacial–interglacial transition
Quaternary eolian dunes in the Savannah River Valley, Jasper County, South Carolina, USA
Athens Subepisode (Wisconsin Episode) non-glacial and older glacial sediments in the subsurface of southwestern Michigan, USA
Impact of climate and humans on the range dynamics of the woolly mammoth ( Mammuthus primigenius ) in Europe during MIS 2
OSL chronology and possible forcing mechanisms of dune evolution in the Horqin dunefield in northern China since the Last Glacial Maximum
Multiple glacial advances in the Rangitata Valley, South Island, New Zealand, imply roles for Southern Hemisphere westerlies and summer insolation in MIS 3 glacial advances
Calibrating the Wisconsin in the eastern Great Lakes of North America using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of the Quaternary sediments at Sand Hill Park, north shore of Lake Erie, Ontario
Timing of glaciation and last glacial maximum paleoclimate estimates from the Fish Lake Plateau, Utah
New constraints on the last deglaciation of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet in coastal Southeast Alaska
Stratigraphic and geomorphologic evidence of three MIS 2 glacial advances in the South Fork Hoh River valley, Olympic Mountains, Washington, USA
Holocene glacier history of northeastern Cordillera Darwin, southernmost South America (55°S)
Late Wisconsinan glaciation and postglacial relative sea-level change on western Banks Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago
Deglaciation, basin formation and post-glacial climate change from a regional network of sediment core sites in Ohio and eastern Indiana
A new paleoclimate perspective shows that arid regions will be drier under global warming conditions
Vegetation over the last glacial maximum at Girraween Lagoon, monsoonal northern Australia
A critical assessment of claims that human footprints in the Lake Otero basin, New Mexico date to the Last Glacial Maximum
Contrasting demographic histories of the neighboring bonobo and chimpanzee
Cranial Morphology of a 21,000‐Year‐Old Homo sapiens From Southwest China
New chronological and lithic data on the Hoabinhian technocomplex from southwest China
Upper Paleolithic sites of Byki in the center of the Russian Plain
Preliminary results of the latest excavations at the Kőlyuk I, Parasznya
A parasznyai Kő-lyuk I. új ásatásainak első eredményei
Human hunting adaptations at Wadi Madamagh, Jordan at the peak of the Last Glacial Maximum
Mobility and settlement dynamics of Large Cutting Tool makers in the subtropical forests of South China
Palaeolithic Human Societies During the Upper Pleniglacial Throught Their Relations With Other Animals in Ukrainian Archaeological Sites
Middle and Late Stages of the Upper Paleolithic of Baikal-Yenisei Siberia
A Pliocene‐Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic δ 18 O records
A complete and easily accessible means of calculating surface exposure ages or erosion rates from 10Be and 26Al measurements
A 60 000 year Greenland stratigraphic ice core chronology
Rapid Flooding of the Sunda Shelf
Sea-level and deep water temperature changes derived from benthic foraminifera isotopic records
A High-Resolution Absolute-Dated Late Pleistocene Monsoon Record from Hulu Cave, China
Environmental processes of the ice age
Timing of the Last Glacial Maximum from observed sea-level minima
Global Glacial Isostasy and the Surface of the Ice-Age Earth
Air pressure and cosmogenic isotope production
A long-term numerical solution for the insolation quantities of the Earth
Calibration of the 14C timescale over the past 30,000 years using mass spectrometric U–Th ages from Barbados corals
A Large Drop in Atmospheric 14 C/ 12 C and Reduced Melting in the Younger Dryas, Documented with 230 Th Ages of Corals
Sea Level Change Through the Last Glacial Cycle
Global glacial ice volume and Last Glacial Maximum duration from an extended Barbados sea level record
Cosmic ray labeling of erosion surfaces
Mechanisms of Holocene palaeoenvironmental change in the Antarctic Peninsula region
A record of Holocene glacial and oceanographic variability in Neny Fjord, Antarctic Peninsula
Late-Holocene advance of the Collins Ice Cap, King George Island, South Shetland Islands
Intcal04 Terrestrial Radiocarbon Age Calibration, 0–26 Cal Kyr BP
Extended 14 C Data Base and Revised Calib 3.0 14 C Age Calibration Program
| Unique citing works | 400 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 25 |
| Citation span | 2010 - 2026 (17) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 292 |