Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Money in the Mental Lives of the Poor

Bibliographic Data

ID23348486
AuthorsAnuj K Shah (University of Chicago), Anuj Shah (0000-0001-5073-9362, University of Chicago), Jiaying Zhao (0000-0002-6009-0568, University of British Columbia), Sendhil Mullainathan (0000-0001-8508-4052, Harvard University), Eldar Shafir (0000-0001-8811-4296, Princeton University)
Year2018
Volume36
Issue1
Pages4-19
Publication date2018-02-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueSocial Cognition (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0278-016X • E-ISSN: 1943-2798
PublisherGuilford Publications (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1521/soco.2018.36.1.4
OpenAlexW2786260916
LanguageEN
Citations received56
References cited37

Recent research has studied how resource scarcity draws attention and creates cognitive load. As a result, scarcity improves some dimensions of cognitive function, while worsening others. Still, there remains a fundamental question: how does scarcity influence the content of cognition? In this article, we find that poor individuals (i.e., those facing monetary scarcity) see many everyday experiences through a different lens. Specifically, thoughts about cost and money are triggered by mundane circumstances, they are difficult to suppress, they change mental associations, and they interfere with other experiences. We suggest that the poor see an economic dimension to many everyday experiences that to others may not appear economic at all.

Cognition · Dimension (graph theory) · Economics · Everyday life · Function (biology) · Microeconomics · Political science · Psychiatry · Resource scarcity · Scarcity · Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics · Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction · Psychology · Social Psychology

  • Childhood Wealth Inequality in the United States

    Open Access•C Gibson-Davis, Heather D Hill•RSF The Russell Sage Foundation…•2021

  • Obesity, Poverty and Public Policy

    Open Access•Rachel Griffith•The Economic Journal•2022

  • The Negative Influence of Individual Socio-Economic Problems on Political Knowledge

    Open Access•Sebastian Jungkunz, Paul Marx•International Journal of Public…•2021

  • Do Financial Concerns Make Workers Less Productive

    Open Access•Supreet Kaur, Sendhil Mullainathan et al.•The Quarterly Journal of Economics•2024

  • Discussing money with the one you love

    Open Access•Nirajana Mishra, Emily N Garbinsky et al.•Journal of Consumer Psychology•2024

  • Uncovering potential interviewer-related biases in self-efficacy assessment

    Open Access•Magdalena Holter, Alexander Avian et al.•BMC Psychology•2025

  • Poverty and limited attention

    Open Access•Stefanie Y Schmitt, Markus G Schlatterer•Economics & Human Biology•2021

  • Connecting families

    Open Access•Mary Martin, Mary I Martin et al.•BMC Public Health•2024

  • Motives Towards Consumer‐to‐Consumer Online Marketplaces

    Open Access•Emanuele Esempio, Flora Gatti•Journal of Community & Applied…•2026

  • Cognitively Accessible Words Associated with God as Effective Lexical Primes

    Michael B Kitchens, Isabella M Lang et al.•Journal for the Cognitive Science…•2022

  • How to be happy from east to west

    Open Access•Hanxin Zhang, Bahram Mahmoodi Kahriz et al.•Current Psychology•2024

  • Cognitive load and economic decision making of smallholder farmers in China

    Open Access•Hongzheng Lei, Fan Li et al.•Current Psychology•2024

  • The effects of scarcity mindset on envy

    Open Access•Menghao Ren, Shengqi Zou et al.•Current Psychology•2024

  • Effect of scarcity experience on unethical behavior

    Open Access•Ying Yang, Lin Liu et al.•Current Psychology•2023

  • “Am I Really Living or Just Getting by?” Financial Security and Health-Related Decisions among International Students in Australia

    Open Access•Bettina Backman, Matthew Dunn et al.•Journal of Studies in International…•2024

  • Navigating the academic road with an empty tank? The impact of financial and time scarcity mindsets on students’ sense of agency

    Open Access•Jessica Schulz, Ai Miyamoto et al.•International Journal of…•2025

  • Financial scarcity and financial avoidance

    Open Access•Leon P Hilbert, Marret K Noordewier et al.•Psychological Research•2024

  • Managers Can Support Employees in Working-Class Contexts by Promoting Growth Mindsets

    Open Access•Inhyun Han, Peter Belmi et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2025

  • Measuring rationality

    Open Access•R G D Allen, Roy Allen et al.•Theory and Decision•2021

  • Poverty and economic decision making

    Open Access•Ernst-Jan de Bruijn, Gerrit Antonides•Theory and Decision•2022

  • The duality of poverty

    Open Access•Felipe González-Arango, J Corredor et al.•Theory and Decision•2022

  • Blinded by worries

    Open Access•Sergiu Burlacu, Austeja Kazemekaityte et al.•Theory and Decision•2022

  • The role of visual attention in opportunity cost neglect and consideration

    Open Access•Stephanie M Smith, Stephen A Spiller et al.•Cognition•2025

  • Scarcity affects cognitive biases

    Open Access•Aranzazu Vinas, F Blanco et al.•Acta Psychologica•2023

  • Financial scarcity is indirectly related to multiple aspects of executive function through stress and the strength of association depends on childhood poverty

    Open Access•Jessica O'Neill, Claire E Cameron et al.•Journal of Theoretical Social…•2021

  • The Sharp Spikes of Poverty

    Open Access•Jon M Jachimowicz, Elsebeth Frey et al.•Social Psychological and…•2022

  • Excluded despite their support - The perspectives of energy-poor households on their participation in the German energy transition narrative

    Open Access•Florian Hanke, Katrin Grossmann et al.•Energy Research & Social Science•2023

  • Food expenditure of the poorest deciles

    Jan-Jan Soon, Azira Abdul Adzis et al.•Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy•2023

  • Poverty and perseverance

    Open Access•Zahra Sharafi•Journal of Development Economics•2022

  • Disparities in the impacts of co-management on fishers’ livelihoods

    Open Access•Cristina Ruano‐Chamorro, Georgina G Gurney et al.•Sustainability Science•2023

  • Overlooked and Undersupported

    Open Access•Jessica Schulz, Matthias Nückles•World Development Perspectives•2026

  • How Money Scarcity Influences Individuals’ Cognitive Control

    Open Access•Qiangqiang Wang, Shengmin Liu et al.•SAGE Open•2024

  • Scarcity mindset in reproductive health decision making

    Alison Holt Norris, Nisha Rao et al.•Culture Health & Sexuality•2019

  • Time poverty and intertemporal choice

    Open Access•Lei Jin, Houchao Lyu•Asian Journal Of Social Psychology•2025

  • From poverty trap to commodity trap

    Open Access•Michael H Morris, Sohrab Soleimanof et al.•Small Business Economics•2025

  • Why do some disadvantaged Australian families become homeless? Resources, disadvantage, housing and welfare

    Catherine Hastings•Housing Studies•2024

  • Liwc Indicators of Cross-Country Income Inequality at the United Nations General Debate (1987-2020)

    Open Access•L Shen•Journal of Language and Social…•2024

  • Money is not everything, but without money, everything is nothing!” The detrimental impact of financial scarcity mindset on service innovation behavior among hospitality employees

    Open Access•Xin Sun, Kunlin Li et al.•Tourism Management•2025

  • Poverty identity and preference for challenge

    Open Access•Sachin Banker, Syon P Bhanot et al.•Journal of Economic Psychology•2020

  • Financial scarcity increases discounting of gains and losses

    Open Access•Leon P Hilbert, Marret K Noordewier et al.•Journal of Economic Psychology•2022

  • An exercise in self-replication

    Open Access•Anuj K Shah, Anuj Shah et al.•Journal of Economic Psychology•2019

  • The prospective associations between financial scarcity and financial avoidance

    Open Access•Leon P Hilbert, Marret K Noordewier et al.•Journal of Economic Psychology•2022

  • Construal level among poor children

    Open Access•Yi Ren, Chenyi Zuo et al.•British Journal of Psychology•2023

  • Integrating the sociocultural and economic effects of social class on prosocial behavior

    Open Access•Johannes Stark, Christian Tröster et al.•Journal of Experimental Social…•2026

  • Resource scarcity compromises explore-exploit decision-making

    Open Access•Shou-An A Chang, Julian Jara-Ettinger et al.•Journal of Experimental Social…•2021

  • The effect of financial stress on inhibitory control and economic decisions

    Open Access•Bradley Hughes, Bradley T Hughes et al.•Journal of Experimental Social…•2024

  • The Social Origins of Effort

    Open Access•J Radl, William Foley et al.•American Sociological Review•2026

  • A little bit of empathy and compassion would go a long way

    Open Access•A Hall, Debora Price et al.•Ageing and Society•2025

  • Evaluating the Unequal Economy

    Open Access•Timothy Hellwig, Dani M Marinova et al.•Political Research Quarterly•2023

  • Rationality and Risk

    Open Access•John Doces, Amy Wolaver•Political Psychology•2022

  • Are We All Predictably Irrational? An Experimental Analysis

    Open Access•John Doces, Amy Wolaver•Political Behavior•2021

  • Scarcity and the Mindsets of Social Welfare Recipients

    Open Access•Jonas Krogh Madsen, Martin Baekgaard et al.•Journal of Public Administration…•2023

  • Expectations of trustworthiness in cross-status interactions

    Open Access•Mauricio Salgado, Javier Núñez et al.•Social Science Research•2021

  • Social Class Shapes Donation Allocation Preferences

    Open Access•Yan Vieites, Rafael Goldszmidt et al.•Journal of Consumer Research•2022

  • Thinking about finances, financial anxiety, and student loan repayment behaviors

    Open Access•Gaurav R Sinha, Brian W Bauer et al.•Family and Consumer Sciences…•2025

  • Higher economic inequality intensifies the financial hardship of people living in poverty by fraying the community buffer

    Open Access•Jon M Jachimowicz, Barnabas Szaszi et al.•Nature Human Behaviour•2020

  • Creating false memories

    Henry L Roediger, Kathleen B McDermott•Journal of Experimental…•1995

  • Can Higher Prices Stimulate Product Use? Evidence from a Field Experiment in Zambia

    Nava Ashraf, James Berry et al.•American Economic Review•2010

  • A spreading activation theory of memory

    Open Access•John R Anderson•Journal of Verbal Learning and…•1983

  • The Illusion of Sustainability

    Michael Kremer, Edward Miguel•The Quarterly Journal of Economics•2007

  • The Environment of Poverty

    Open Access•Gary W Evans, Kimberly English•Child Development•2002

  • Free Distribution or Cost-Sharing? Evidence from a Randomized Malaria Prevention Experiment

    Jessica Cohen, Pascaline Dupas•The Quarterly Journal of Economics•2010

  • Some Consequences of Having Too Little

    Open Access•Anuj K Shah, Anuj Shah et al.•Science•2012

  • Lexical access during sentence comprehension

    Open Access•David Swinney, David A Swinney•Journal of Verbal Learning and…•1979

  • Scarcity Frames Value

    Open Access•Anuj K Shah, Anuj Shah et al.•Psychological Science•2015

  • On the prediction of occurrence of particular verbal intrusions in immediate recall.

    James Deese•Journal of Experimental…•1959

  • Thought Suppression

    Richard M Wenzlaff, Daniel M Wegner•Annual Review of Psychology•2000

  • Poverty Impedes Cognitive Function

    Open Access•Anandi Mani, Sendhil Mullainathan et al.•Science•2013

  • Dehumanizing the Lowest of the Low

    Open Access•Lasana T Harris, Susan T Fiske•Psychological Science•2006

  • Poverty and Public Celebrations in Rural India

    Open Access•Vyjayanthi Rao, Vijayendra Rao•The Annals of the American…•2001

  • Who Do They Think We Are, Anyway?”

    Open Access•Linda I Reutter, Linda Reutter et al.•Qualitative Health Research•2009

  • Theories of Poverty and Anti-Poverty Programs in Community Development

    Ted K Bradshaw•Community Development•2007

  • All I saw was the cake. Hunger effects on attentional capture by visual food cues

    Open Access•Richard M Piech, Mike Chapman et al.•Appetite•2010

  • Paradoxical effects of thought suppression

    Daniel M Wegner, Daniel J Schneider et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1987

  • The Bias map

    Amy J C Cuddy, Susan T Fiske et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2007

  • Cognitive adaptations to stressful environments

    Open Access•Chiraag Mittal, Vladas Griskevicius et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2015

  • The Environment of Childhood Poverty

    Gary W Evans•American Psychologist•2004

  • On the psychology of drinking

    Open Access•Henk Aarts, Ap Dijksterhui et al.•British Journal of Psychology•2001

  • Salience and relativity in classification

    Open Access•Janet W D Dougherty•American Ethnologist•1978

  • Opportunity Cost Consideration

    Stephen A Spiller•Journal of Consumer Research•2011

  • Opportunity Cost Neglect

    Shane Frederick, Nathan Novemsky et al.•Journal of Consumer Research•2009

Unique citing works56
Citations per year8
Citation span2019 - 2026 (8)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 55

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae