Structural Equation Modeling
Reviewing the Basics and Moving Forward
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 23360416 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Jodie B Ullman (California State University, San Bernardino, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2006 |
| Volume | 87 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 35-50 |
| Publication date | 2006-07-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality Assessment (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3891 • E-ISSN: 1532-7752 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1207/s15327752jpa8701_03 |
| PMID | 16856785 |
| OpenAlex | W1998243764 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 109 |
| References cited | 26 |
This tutorial begins with an overview of structural equation modeling (SEM) that includes the purpose and goals of the statistical analysis as well as terminology unique to this technique. I will focus on confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), a special type of SEM. After a general introduction, CFA is differentiated from exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and the advantages of CFA techniques are discussed. Following a brief overview, the process of modeling will be discussed and illustrated with an example using data from a HIV risk behavior evaluation of homeless adults (Stein & Nyamathi, 2000). Techniques for analysis of nonnormally distributed data as well as strategies for model modification are shown. The empirical example examines the structure of drug and alcohol use problem scales. Although these scales are not specific personality constructs, the concepts illustrated in this article directly correspond to those found when analyzing personality scales and inventories. Computer program syntax and output for the empirical example from a popular SEM program (EQS 6.1; Bentler, 2001) are included.
Confirmatory factor analysis · Exploratory factor analysis · Latent variable · Machine learning · Management science · Personality · Structural equation modeling · Terminology · Advanced Statistical Modeling Techniques · Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science · Mental Health Research Topics · Psychology · Psychometric Methodologies and Testing · Social Psychology
Effects of Religiosity on Apparel Shopping Orientation
The impact of father–son relationship on suicidal ideation in Chinese gay and bisexual men
Modeling the Relationship between Safety Climate and Safety Performance in a Developing Construction Industry
Identifying the Non-Traditional Safety Risk Paths of Employees from Chinese International Construction Companies in Africa
The Cultural Health Attributions Questionnaire (CHAQ)
Psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Relational Interdependent Self -Construal scale
Evidências métricas da adaptação da escala de inteligência cultural numa amostra portuguesa
Hierarchical Regression and Structural Equation Modeling
Genetics of Personality
Revision, Criterion Validity, and Multigroup Assessment of the Reactions to Homosexuality Scale
Translation and validation of body image instruments
Common Beliefs and Reality About PLS
Self-Determined Intention to Vote and the Mediating Role of Politicized Identification
Three-dimensional model of financial resilience in workers
The Factor Structure of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale for Children and Adolescents
The Relationship Between Sleep and Cognition in Children Referred for Neuropsychological Evaluation
Validation of the French Version of the Fear of Covid-19 Scale and Its Associations with Depression, Anxiety, and Differential Emotions
Structure of the sense of coherence scale in a nationally representative sample
Structural Factors Affecting Health Examination Behavioral Intention
Regular Physical Exercise Adherence Scale (Repeas)
Covid-19 Related Stress and Mental Health Outcomes 1 Year After the Peak of the Pandemic Outbreak in China
Moderating Effects of Physical Activity on the Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Health-Related Quality of Life
Analysing the socioeconomic determinants of hypertension in South Africa
Chinese Version of the Responses to Positive Affect Questionnaire
Mediating Factors of the Association Between Shyness and Generalized Pathological Internet Use in Chinese University Students
Understanding suicidal ideation disparity between sexual minority and heterosexual Chinese young men
Construction process and development stages of pandemic emotions questionnaire in cancer patients (PEQ-CP)
Doctors’ Job Satisfaction and Its Relationships With Doctor-Patient Relationship and Work-Family Conflict in China
Longitudinal associations between BMI, ideal-actual BMI gap, and body shape concern among young Chinese females
The Relation of Students’ Conceptions of Feedback to Motivational Beliefs and Achievement Goals
Leadership for Educational Inclusion
Modeling the Pathways to Self-Confidence for Graduate School in Computing
A structural equation model investigating the relationships among online and offline social capitals and child polyvictimization
Where Did I Go Wrong with My Model? Ten Tips for Getting Results in SEM
Subjective Quality of Life and Stock Market Participation of the Elderly
Bidirectional Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Perceptions of Resilience in Young Adolescents
Development and validation of the feminist social identity scale
Students’ perceptions of their learning outcomes in a flipped classroom environment
Investigating perceived trust and utility of balanced news chatbots among individuals with varying conspiracy beliefs
Adverse consequences of excessive social networking site use on academic performance
Psychometric Properties of the Sexually Aggressive Behaviors Scale
What Makes Adults Digitally Literate in Türkiye
Examining the Personal and Perceived Organizational Characteristics Associated With Juvenile Probation Staff Job Satisfaction
Factors associated with the adoption of eco-innovation and its effect on environmental performance in the US household cleaning sector
How to separate coordinate and categorical spatial relation components in integrated spatial representations
Gifted Identification Inventory for Teacher Awareness
The Effect of Time Spent in Prison and Coping Styles on Psychological Distress in Inmates
Materialism amid uncertainty
Tendencies for Comparing Up and Down
Risk and Resiliency Factors Related to Dementia Caregiver Mental Health
Extending the technology acceptance model of college learners' mobile‐assisted language learning by incorporating psychological constructs
Scrutinising the Digital Pedagogies of Teachers With Contrasting Views of Students’ Remote Learning Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Teachers’ Experiences of Emergency Remote Schooling During the Pandemic
The effects of ‘publicness’ and quality of publicly accessible open space upon user satisfaction
Intercultural Communication Competence Scale
Jobless and Burnt Out
A Path Analysis of Socialization Model in Traditional Market
The Influence of Motivation and Engagement on Knowledge and Behavioral Intentions
What are the effects of screen time on emotion regulation and academic achievements? A three-wave longitudinal study on children from 4 to 8 years of age
Do Not Fight for Me, Without Me”
Performing in bank means performing emotional labor
Forest owners' stand improvement decisions
People of Color are People of Action
Aligning theory and methodology in mixed methods research
Brief Report
Military Cohorts, Substance Use, and Male-Perpetrated Intimate Partner Violence
Get employees talking through enterprise social media! Reduce cyberslacking
Programme and school predictors of mentoring relationship quality and the role of mentors' satisfaction in volunteer retention
Coming together to awaken our democracy’
Factor Structure of the Job-Related Tension Index Among Social Workers
Web‐based assessment of social and emotional competence in the late elementary grades
Development of a Self-Determination Measure for College Students
The Consequences of Perfectionism Scale
The Development and Evaluation of the Academic Entitlement Questionnaire
An R Function to Correct Fit Indices and Omnibus Tests in Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Validation of the Portuguese version of the Integration of Stressful Life Experiences Scale (Isles) in a sample of bereaved individuals
Portuguese Mothers and Fathers Share Similar Levels of Work-Family Guilt According to a Newly Validated Measure
A policy feedback and socio-technical approach to e-participation (PFSTEP)
Developing and Testing a Model of the Assisted Living Environment
Comparing post-Gulf War and post-9/11 era of service among veterans
Career interest on calling
Measuring HIV-related Stigma Among Chinese Service Providers
Student teachers’ motivation to teach
Communicating and combating algorithmic bias
Effect of perceived value and social influences on mobile app stickiness and in-app purchase intention
Factor Structure, Construct Validity, and Measurement Invariance of the Neuroception of Psychological Safety Scale (NPSS)
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Procrastination Assessment Scale for Students
Adoption of public-private partnership (PPP) in smart infrastructure development projects in developing nations
Impact of Parental Binge Eating Disorder
In between Korean and New Zealander
Development and validation of a Multidimensional Motivations to Study Abroad Scale (MMSAS) among European Credit Mobility Students
Measuring individual differences in responses to date‐rape vignettes using latent variable models
Testing the measurement equivalence of personality adjective items across cultures
Preschool Predictors of Early Literacy Acquisition in German-Speaking Children
Calling in crisis
Does Religion Buffer the Negative Effects of Economic and Subjective Poverty on Life Satisfaction? Longitudinal Evidence from Hong Kong
Managerial Effectiveness of Government Performance Measurement
Employees’ Change Support in the Public Sector—A Multi‐Time Field Study Examining the Formation of Intentions and Behaviors
How Do Perceived Political Environment and Administrative Reform Affect Employee Commitment
Statistical Model-Based Composite Indicators for Tracking Coherent Policy Conclusions
Statistical Analysis With Missing Data
Linear Structural Equations with Latent Variables
Scaled and Adjusted Restricted Tests in Multi-Sample Analysis of Moment Structures
Asymptotically distribution‐free methods for the analysis of covariance structures
Measures of multivariate skewness and kurtosis with applications
Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis
Fit indices in covariance structure modeling
Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling.
A Scaled Difference Chi-Square Test Statistic for Moment Structure Analysis
Structural Equations with Latent Variables
Gender differences in behavioural and psychosocial predictors of HIV testing and return for test results in a high-risk population
Structural Equation Modeling with Small Samples
Overall fit in covariance structure models
Can test statistics in covariance structure analysis be trusted
Overall fit in covariance structure models
Specification searches in covariance structure modeling
Comparative fit indexes in structural models
Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit
| Unique citing works | 109 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 5,74 |
| Citation span | 2007 - 2026 (20) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 102 |