Value Dimensions of Professional Sport as Viewed by Spectators
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 2349873 |
|---|---|
| Authors | James J Zhang (0000-0002-0163-2347), Dale G Pease, Sai C Hui, Stanley Sai‐chuen Hui (0000-0002-2462-4622) |
| Year | 1996 |
| Volume | 20 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 78-94 |
| Publication date | 1996-02-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Sport and Social Issues (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0193-7235 • E-ISSN: 1552-7638 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1177/019372396020001007 |
| OpenAlex | W2075550278 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 4 |
| References cited | 36 |
This study examined the value dimensions of professional sport to the community as perceived by the spectators. Three stages were conducted: (a) formulation of the Community Impact Scale (CIS), (b) test of measurement properties, and (c) application of the scale. The initial scale was formulated by identifying 70 value areas of professional sport through a literature review. Each was phrased into bipolar statements using a blend of semantic differential and Likert-type 5-point scales. Five professors tested the content validity. A random sample of professional sport spectators (N = 224) participated in testing and applying the scale. Construct validity was tested through a factor analysis. Eight factors with 45 items were determined. The resolved scale displayed acceptable internal consistency. An application of the CIS revealed that 5 demographic variables (age, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, education, and occupation) affect the perceptions of spectators on the community value of professional sport
Affect (linguistics · Construct (python library · Construct validity · Developmental psychology · Ethnic group · Geography · Internal consistency · Likert scale · Psychometrics · Sample (material · Scale (ratio · Semantic differential · Socioeconomic status · Sociology · Statistics · Test (biology · Value (mathematics · Applied Psychology · Demography · Mathematics · Psychology · Social Psychology · Sport and Mega-Event Impacts · Sports Analytics and Performance · Sports, Gender, and Society
Sport in society
Class, sports, and social development
The Varimax Criterion for Analytic Rotation in Factor Analysis
An Index of Factorial Simplicity
Sports, Games, and Play
Sport and Social Development
Social Risk and the Meaning of Sport
Suited up and Stripped Down
Televised Sports and Ritual
Toward an Applied Sociology of Sport
Social Control in Sport
The Great American Football Ritual
Much Ado about Nothing
Mass Society and the Commercialization of Sport
Positive Deviance among Athletes
Sport and Social Change
The Construction and Confirmation of Identity in Sport Subcultures
Media Images of Male and Female Professional Athletes
Comparing Commitment to Sport and Religion at a Christian College
Types and Sources of Spectating Pleasure in Televised Sports
Pools, Parlays, and Point Spreads
Sport Sociology That Matters
The Business of Professional Sports
More Than a Game
Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests
Fanship and the Television Sports Viewing Experience
Winning is the Only Thing
Handbook of Social Science of Sport
| Unique citing works | 4 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,16 |
| Citation span | 2001 - 2013 (13) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 4 |