When Is Populism Good for Liberal Democracy

Bibliographic Data

ID2364012
AuthorsJosh Pacewicz (0000-0002-1438-1786, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA, corresponding author)
Year2023
Volume41
Issue2
Pages129-153
Publication date2023-06-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueSociological Theory (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0735-2751 • E-ISSN: 1467-9558
PublisherSAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1177/07352751231167389
OpenAlexW4366518164
LanguageEN
Citations received6
References cited55

Debates over populism pit those who see it as dangerous for liberal democracy against those who view it as necessary for mobilizing the marginalized. This article flips the question and asks whether and how populist rhetoric supports liberal democracy. I synthesize accounts of voting behavior, poststructural Marxism, and pragmatism to develop a cognitive theory of populist resonance focused on how people use rhetoric to solve conceptual problems and illustrate it with interviews from the American Rust Belt during the Obama elections. In the main, voters use populist rhetoric to simplify political decisions when cross-pressured. Therefore, many traditional partisans, who saw party politics as rooted in blue- and white-collar identities, routinely made populist claims to sideline anti-pluralist appeals, whereas those alienated from politics were given to illiberalism. The analysis provides micro-sociological foundations for the intuition that populism is democratically functional in a stable party system, whereas illiberal populism is a symptom of enfeebled political parties

Democracy · Epistemology · Liberal democracy · Liberalism · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Populism · Pragmatism · Rhetoric · Sociology · Electoral Systems and Political Participation · Law · Music History and Culture · Populism, Right-Wing Movements

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