Mogontiacum (Mainz), Germany

Mogontiacum is the site of a double legionary fortress first established under Augustus and enlarged and refurbished on several occasions later. It was occupied into the fourth century. Around it grew a civilian settlement of some 200 hectares, which became the capital of Upper Germany ca. 90 ce . In the fourth century it too had its own defensive walls. Two auxiliary forts are also known nearby. A funerary monument known as the Edelstein may be a cenotaph for Drusus (died 9 bce ). Monuments from the town include a theater, a sanctuary of Isis, an honorary arch, and a fine Jupiter Column of the mid‐first century ce , the earliest known.

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• The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of Roman Germany

  Simon James, Stefan Krmnicek•Oxford Handbook of the…•2015

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