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An Ethnoarchaeology of Ontologies

Animism(s) and the Animation of Fire Among the Northern Komi and Tundra Nenets of Northwest Eurasia

Bibliographic Data

ID24224811
AuthorsErik Solfeldt (0009-0007-7056-8602), Anna Naglaya
Year2026
Volume59
Issue3
Publication date2026-05-26
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueEthnographisch-archäologische Zeitschrift/Ethnographisch-archäologische Zeitschrift (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0012-7477 • E-ISSN: 2751-7233
PublisherUniversitatsbibliothek Kiel (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.54799/bspz5423
OpenAlexW7162443800
LanguageEN
References cited62

This paper advocates for an ethnoarchaeology of ontologies, with a particular focus on new animism, proposing that a shift from epistemological to ontological perspectives could reshape ethnoarchaeology. Hence, it contributes to the current ontological discourse in archaeology and anthropology. By examining animism(s) and the animation of fire among the Northern Komi of the European and Siberian tundra and taiga, as well as the Tundra Nenets, this study explores the role of fire within their ontologies. Drawing on interviews with two Komi communities and on Indigenous Nenets knowledge contributed by one of the authors, we challenge the conventional Western bias in archaeology, including the dichotomies of ‘function’ and ‘ritual’ and ‘object’ and ‘subject.’ Our findings reveal that this separation is absent within the syncretic-animistic ontologies of these hunter-herders of northwest Eurasia. We conclude, based on relational deconstructive ethnographic analogies, that incorporating animistic perspectives is crucial for understanding human–fire relations in prehistoric hunter-gatherer contexts and should be extended more broadly within archaeological and ethnoarchaeological studies of hunter-gatherers. Аннотация В данной научной работе отстаивается этноархеология онтологий, с особым акцентом на новом анимизме, и предлагается переход от эпистемологических к онтологическим перспективам, который мог бы перекроить этноархеологию. Таким образом, эта работа вносит вклад в современный онтологический дискурс в археологии и антропологии. Изучая анимизм(ы) и анимизм огня среди северных коми европейской и сибирской тундры и тайги, а также тундровых ненцев, данное исследование изучает роль огня в их онтологиях. Опираясь на интервью с двумя общинами коми и на знания коренных ненцев, предоставленные одним из авторов, мы оспариваем традиционные западные представления об археологии, включая дихотомии «функция» и «ритуал», а также «объект» и «субъект». Наши выводы показывают, что это разделение отсутствует в синкретически-анимистических онтологиях этих охотников-собирателей северо-западной Евразии. На основе реляционно-деконструктивистских этнографических аналогий мы приходим к выводу, что включение анимистических перспектив имеет решающее значение для понимания взаимоотношений человека и огня в доисторических контекстах охотников-собирателей и должно быть более распространено в археологических и этноархеологических исследованиях охотников-собирателей.

Animism · Epistemology · hunter-gatherers · indigenous knowledge · new animism · Tundra Nenets · Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory · Archaeology and Rock Art Studies · Posthumanist Ethics and Activism

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Highly citedNo
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