Avoidance of Intimacy
An Attachment Perspective
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 2928293 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Kim Bartholomew (Stanford University, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1990 |
| Volume | 7 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 147-178 |
| Publication date | 1990-05-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Social and Personal Relationships (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0265-4075 • E-ISSN: 1460-3608 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1177/0265407590072001 |
| OpenAlex | W2165752295 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 464 |
| References cited | 57 |
A basic principle of attachment theory is that early attachment relationships with caregivers provide the prototype for later social relations. Working within an attachment framework, a new 4-group model of characteristic attachment styles in adulthood is proposed. In particular, two forms of adult avoidance of intimacy are differentiated: a fearful style that is characterized by a conscious desire for social contact which is inhibited by fears of its consequences, and a dismissing style that is characterized by a defensive denial of the need or desire for greater social contact. This distinction corresponds to two differing models of the self: people who fearfully avoid intimacy view themselves as undeserving of the love and support of others, and people who dismiss intimacy possess a positive model of the self that minimizes the subjective awareness of distress or social needs. The emotional and interpersonal ramifications of the two proposed styles of adult avoidance are discussed
Attachment theory · Denial · Developmental psychology · Distress · Empathy · Interpersonal communication · Interpersonal relationship · Personal distress · Perspective (graphical · Psychotherapist · Style (visual arts · Attachment and Relationship Dynamics · Family Dynamics and Relationships · Psychology · Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications · Social Psychology
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| Unique citing works | 464 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 12,89 |
| Citation span | 1990 - 2026 (37) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 454 |