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Datafication of Digital Intimacy

The Dual Logic of Empowerment and Commodification

Bibliographic Data

ID2993559
AuthorsT Hu (0000-0001-6479-0337, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University), Longlong Ge (0000-0003-1519-455X, University College London, corresponding author)
Year2025
Publication date2025-07-21
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueGames and Culture (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1555-4120 • E-ISSN: 1555-4139
PublisherSAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1177/15554120251358522
OpenAlexW4412516367
LanguageEN
Citations received7
References cited46

This study explores the datafication of digital intimacy in female-oriented otome games, analyzing how these games construct databases of idealized masculinities and romantic narratives, balancing empowerment and commodification. Through digital ethnography, walkthrough, and interviews with Chinese women players between 2023 and 2024, we reveal how otome games mediate intimacies between women players and virtual male characters, reflecting sociocultural values and shaping affective experiences. These women-oriented games collect intimate data to optimize design and profitability, offering immersive, customizable romantic experiences while commodifying emotional investments. This dual dynamic underscores a tension in emotional capitalism, where intimacy is both enriched and exploited. By examining the interplay between digital intimacy, datafication, and emotional capitalism, our study further contributes to the critical discourse on how role-playing games monetize personal and emotional experiences, emphasizing the need to safeguard user sovereignty as digital platforms capitalize on affective labor

Aesthetics · Art · Commodification · Dual (grammatical number · Economics · Empowerment · Epistemology · Internet privacy · Political science · Sociology · Computer Science · Impact of Technology on Adolescents · Psychology · Social Media and Politics · Social Psychology · Youth Education and Societal Dynamics

  • Materializing the virtual? Post-digital intimacy and women players of otome video games in China

    Open Access•Longlong Ge, Tingting Hu et al.•Journal of Consumer Culture•2026

  • Digital literacies of intimacy

    Open Access•Longlong Ge, T Hu et al.•Information Communication & Society•2025

  • “He will always love me”

    Open Access•Elena Yifei Zhao, Nicholas David Bowman•New Media & Society•2026

  • Affective liquidity, synthetic bonds

    Open Access•Tingting Hu, Longlong Ge•New Media & Society•2025

  • Making family with characters and dolls

    Yuelei Xiong, Weizi Huang•Sociétés•2026

  • Making family with characters and dolls

    Weizi Huang, Yuelei Xiong•Sociétés•2026

  • Datafication of Digital Intimacy

    Open Access•T Hu, Longlong Ge•Games and Culture•2025

  • Video Game Characters and Transmedia Storytelling

    Joleen Blom•Video Game Characters and…•2023

  • Deep Mediatization

    Andreas Hepp•Deep Mediatization•2019

  • Digital Intimate Publics and Social Media

    Open Access•S Lincoln, BC Pinkard et al.•Digital Intimate Publics and…•2018

  • Interpreting Interviews

    Mats Alvesson•Interpreting Interviews•2011

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    Mats Alvesson•Academy of Management Review•2003

  • Datafication

    Open Access•Ulises A Mejias, N Couldry•Internet Policy Review•2019

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    Open Access•Kumiko Saito•Arts•2021

  • From non-player characters to othered participants

    Tingting Liu, Zhongping Lai et al.•Information Communication & Society•2022

  • Big data

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  • Love and Producer as East Asian Transmedia

    Open Access•Keith B Wagner, Meng Liang•Transmedia in Asia and the Pacific•2021

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    Kam Louie•Chinese Masculinities in a…•2014

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    Anthony Giddens•The transformation of intimacy•1992

  • Internet Celebrity

    Open Access•C Abidin•Internet Celebrity•2018

  • Anime's Media Mix

    M Steinberg•Anime's media mix•2012

  • Gender, sex and romance in role playing video games

    Víctor Navarro-Remesal•Catalan Journal of Communication…•2018

  • The walkthrough method

    Open Access•Ben Light, J Burge et al.•New Media & Society•2016

  • Masculinity in crisis? Reticent / han-xu politics against danmei and male effeminacy

    Open Access•Tingting Hu, Longlong Ge et al.•International Journal of Cultural…•2023

  • Platform capitalisms and platform cultures

    Open Access•M Steinberg, Lin Zhang et al.•International Journal of Cultural…•2024

  • Ambivalent affective labor

    Open Access•Longlong Ge•European Journal of Cultural…•2024

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    Jane Landman•Continuum•1996

  • Sex in the digital city

    Open Access•Sam Mile•Gender Place & Culture•2017

  • Archiving, ordering, and searching

    Open Access•Jack Andersen•Media Culture & Society•2018

  • Fan Cultures

    Matt Hills, Matthew Hills•Fan Cultures•2003

  • Social Media and Personal Relationships

    Open Access•Deborah Chambers•Social Media and Personal…•2013

  • Gamifying intimacy

    Open Access•Longlong Ge, T Hu•Media Culture & Society•2025

  • Everyday Data Cultures

    Open Access•K Albury, J Burge et al.•AoIR Selected Papers of Internet…•2021

  • Quality singles

    Open Access•A Arvidsson•New Media & Society•2006

  • Man-as-Nation

    Open Access•T Hu, Tianru Guan•SAGE Open•2021

  • Mediated intimacies

    Feona Attwood, Jamie Hakim et al.•Journal of Gender Studies•2017

  • Datafication of Digital Intimacy

    Open Access•T Hu, Longlong Ge•Games and Culture•2025

  • The Field Site as a Network

    Open Access•Jenna Burrell•CAM•2009

  • Liquid love? Dating apps, sex, relationships and the digital transformation of intimacy

    Open Access•Mitchell Hobbs, Stephen Owens et al.•Journal of Sociology•2017

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    Open Access•C Dalessandro•Sociological Perspectives•2018

  • Women's Games in Japan

    Open Access•Hyeshin Kim•Theory Culture & Society•2009

  • The Infrastructure of Intimacy

    Ara Wilson•Signs: Journal of Women in…•2016

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Unique citing works7
Citations per year7
Citation span2025 - 2026 (2)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 6

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Open DOIOpen Access
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