African Americans and Immigrants in Northern Cities
The Effects of Relative Group Size on Occupational Standing in 1920
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 2994592 |
|---|---|
| Authors | E Tolnay, Stewart E Tolnay (0000-0001-7792-7435, University of Washington, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2001 |
| Volume | 80 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 573-604 |
| Publication date | 2001-12-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Social Forces (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0037-7732 • E-ISSN: 1534-7605 |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press (OUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1353/sof.2001.0112 |
| OpenAlex | W2129673971 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 24 |
| References cited | 33 |
Prior to World War I millions of immigrants arrived from Europe to work in northern plants and factories. During and after the war the African American populations of northern cities grew rapidly as southern migrants moved north. This article examines the effects of the relative sizes of these two population groups on the occupational standing of African Americans and immigrants in 1920. The results show that the occupational standing of African Americans was unaffected by the relative sizes of the black and immigrant populations in their labor markets. In contrast, the occupational fortunes of all immigrants were more favorable in labor markets with proportionately larger black populations. For new immigrants a curvilinear relationship also existed between individual occupational standing and the relative size of their population in the labor market, with the negative relationship observed at lower levels of immigrant concentration turning positive in areas with proportionately more immigrants
Demographic economics · Economics · Geography · Immigration · Occupational prestige · Population · Socioeconomic status · Sociology · Spanish Civil War · Demography · Migration and Labor Dynamics · Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy · Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
Marginalized by race and place
The Impact of Origin and Host Country Schooling on the Economic Performance of Immigrants
Diversity, Racial Threat and Metropolitan Housing Segregation
Southerners in the West
Multilevel Models
The Effects of Relative Group Size on Occupational Outcomes
Labor market situation of refugees in Europe
Racial/Ethnic Hierarchy and Urban Labor Market Inequality
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Education–Occupation Mismatch Status Among Immigrants in South Africa and the United States
The South, Southerners, and Social Forces
Ethnic Labor Market Contexts and the Earnings of Asian Immigrants
Social Contacts and the Economic Performance of Immigrants
Black Musicians in Northern US Cities during the Early 20th Century
Did Retail Enterprise Among White Immigrants Benefit from the Residential Segregation of Blacks? A Study of Large Northern Cities in the Early 20th Century
Effekte der Gruppengröße auf die Arbeitsmarktintegration von Migranten
The Living Arrangements of African American and Immigrant Children, 1880-2000
The Economic Incorporation of Immigrants in 18 Western Societies
Black Retail Enterprise and Racial Segregation in Northern Cities before the 'Ghetto
Occupational Status of Immigrants and African Americans at the Beginning and End of the Great Migration
Black Immigrants and the Changing Portrait of Black America
Northward Migration and the Rise of Racial Disparity in American Incarceration, 1880-1950
Racial Boundary Formation at the Dawn of Jim Crow
Combining Preferences and Processes
Immigrant background peer effects in Italian schools
Chinatown
The slum and the ghetto
Black migration in America
Immigration and Opportunity
The dynamics of ethnic competition and conflict.
Competitive ethnic relations
Ethnic patterns in American cities.
Immigration in America's Future
City on the Edge
Occupations and social status
Toward a Theory of Minority Group Relations
Black Metropolis
Socioeconomic Indexes for Occupations
Residential Segregation of West Indians in the New York/New Jersey Metropolitan Area
After Ellis Island
Trends in return migration to the south
The Great Migration Gets Underway
Minority Business Formation and Survival
Eugenics
Black Migration
When the Tide Turned
The Case against Immigration
Homeward Bound
A Theory of Ethnic Antagonism
Occupational Benefits to Whites From the Subordination of Negroes
Black Migration Reversal in the United States
Per Cent Non-White and Discrimination in the South
Choosing a Measure of Occupational Standing
Multilevel Analysis Methods
Underemployment and Racial Competition in Local Labor Markets
Inequality and the Relative Size of Minority Populations
| Unique citing works | 24 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1,04 |
| Citation span | 2003 - 2022 (20) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 20 |