Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Return Wishes of Refugees in the Netherlands

The Role of Integration, Host National Identification and Perceived Discrimination

Bibliographic Data

ID3643791
AuthorsFrancesca Di Saint Pierre, Borja Martinovic (0000-0003-3043-9068), Thomas De Vroome (0000-0002-6873-7856)
Year2015
Volume41
Issue11
Pages1836-1857
Publication date2015-09-19
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueNew Community (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0047-9586 • E-ISSN: 1469-9451
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/1369183x.2015.1023184
OpenAlexW2031845418
LanguageEN
Citations received56
References cited31

This study examined refugees' wishes to return to their home country. Previous research on return intentions among economic migrants has pointed at the relevance of three aspects of integration: employment and education (structural integration), language proficiency (cultural integration) and contact with natives (social integration) in shaping the wish to stay or return. We examined whether this is also the case among refugees. Furthermore, we extended research on return intentions by considering two social psychological experiences—host country identification and perceived discrimination—as mediators in the associations between the three aspects of integration and return wishes. Using a large survey among refugees from Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq and Somalia in the Netherlands, we found that employment was not related to return wishes. Higher-educated refugees and those proficient in Dutch perceived more discrimination and were therefore more likely to want to return. Simultaneously, language proficiency was also related to a wish to stay via increased host country identification. Contacts with natives were related to less discrimination and more identification, and therefore to a wish to stay. We discuss the importance of social psychological experiences, and the cross pressures they exert on the return wishes of refugees

Demographic economics · Economics · Identification (biology · Political science · Refugee · Relevance (law · Social integration · Sociology · Wish · Migration, Refugees, and Integration · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Law · Social Psychology

  • Kulturelle Vielfalt der öffentlichen Verwaltung

    Open Access•Andreas Ette, Sophie Straub et al.•Kulturelle Vielfalt der…•2021

  • Social Participation of Students With a Migration Background—A Comparative Analysis of the Beginning and End of a School Year in German Primary Schools

    Open Access•Niklas Hamel•Frontiers in Education•2022

  • Settlement intention of migrants in urban China

    Open Access•Chenglong Wang, Jianfa Shen•Applied Geography•2022

  • Kulturelle Vielfalt der öffentlichen Verwaltung

    Open Access•Verlag Barbara Budrich, Andreas Ette et al.•Kulturelle Vielfalt der…•2021

  • The Cambridge Handbook of Psychology and Human Rights

    Open Access•Neal S Rubin, Roseanne L Flores•Cambridge Handbook of Psychology…•2020

  • How integration policies relate to perceptions of discrimination and feelings of belonging among immigrants and children of immigrants. A multilevel perspective

    Open Access•Marlene Hilgenstock, Antonia C May•Ethnic and Racial Studies•2026

  • Return Intentions Under Temporary Protection

    Open Access•Katarzyna Kochaniak, Michał Bernard Pietrzak et al.•International Migration•2026

  • Integration and Return Intentions Among Displaced Individuals

    Open Access•Mariam Malashkhia•International Migration•2026

  • Does living in districts with higher levels of ethnic violence affect refugees’ attitudes towards the host country? Empirical evidence from Germany

    N Schwitter, Ulf Liebe•Ethnic and Racial Studies•2022

  • Intentions to Return and Migrate to the Third Countries

    Open Access•Zafer Özkan, Ayberk Eryılmaz et al.•Journal of International…•2023

  • First Impressions Matter

    Open Access•Julia Reinold, M Siegel•Journal of International…•2025

  • We made it to Germany … and now? Interdependent risks of vulnerability for refugees in a high-income country

    Daria Mendola, A M Parroco et al.•New Community•2024

  • Ukrainian Refugees in Germany

    Open Access•Herbert Brücker, Andreas Ette et al.•Comparative Population Studies•2023

  • Perceived in-group discrimination by first and second generation immigrants from different countries of origin in 27 EU member-states

    Open Access•Selina André, Jaap Dronkers•International Sociology•2017

  • The strength of weak ties in shaping attitudes toward interfaith marriage

    Open Access•Tolga Tezcan•International Journal of…•2025

  • Immigrants’ sense of belonging in Quebec

    Open Access•Robert Djogbenou, Vissého Adjiwanou et al.•International Journal of…•2025

  • Social integration and mental health of Somali refugees in the Netherlands

    Open Access•Emma Kuppens, Thijs Van Den Broek•BMC Public Health•2022

  • The Integration Paradox

    Open Access•Merlin Schaeffer, Judith Kas•International Migration Review•2024

  • A multilevel review of the psychological and emotional challenges faced by skilled migrants

    Open Access•Eun Su Lee, Eun Kyung Lee et al.•International Journal of…•2024

  • The relationship between acculturation and relevant correlates for Sub-Saharan and North African-born migrants

    Open Access•Christine Deslandes, Leah M Kaufmann et al.•International Journal of…•2024

  • Police discrimination and police distrust among ethnic minority adolescents in Germany

    Open Access•I Kogan, Markus Weißmann et al.•Frontiers in Sociology•2024

  • Perceived group discrimination and the integration paradox in stigmatized neighborhoods

    Open Access•Peter Esaiasson, N Lajevardi et al.•Politics Groups and Identities•2023

  • Return or Regularization? A Temporal Analysis of Rejected Asylum Seekers in Germany

    Open Access•Laura Peitz•Population Space and Place•2025

  • The Role of Expectation Fulfilment in Migrants' Return Migration Intentions

    Open Access•Wanyang Hu, Zhenxiang Chen•Population Space and Place•2026

  • Drivers of Return Plans Among Ukrainian War Refugees in Czechia

    Open Access•Josef Novotný, Anna Levkova et al.•Population Space and Place•2025

  • Perceived societal discrimination among immigrants across 17 European countries

    Open Access•Anne Maaike Mulders•European Societies•2025

  • The role of identification, intergroup contact, and group discrimination in shaping return and circular migration intentions

    Open Access•Tolga Tezcan•Group Processes & Intergroup…•2024

  • Positive versus negative contact and refugees' intentions to migrate

    Open Access•Zafer Özkan, Naif Ergün et al.•Journal of Community & Applied…•2021

  • The relation between contact experiences and dual identity among German residents with a Turkish or Kurdish identity

    Open Access•M A Weber, Maria‐Christina Weber et al.•Journal of Community & Applied…•2024

  • Striking roots

    Open Access•Brit Lynnebakke, Aadne Aasland•Journal of Rural Studies•2022

  • An Intergenerational Perspective on (Re)migration

    Open Access•Louise Caron•International Migration Review•2020

  • I Will Return Strong”

    Open Access•Lea Müller-Funk, Sonja Fransen•International Migration Review•2023

  • How Labor-Market Integration Affects Perceptions of Discrimination

    Open Access•K Lindemann•International Migration Review•2020

  • Till multiculturalism do us part

    Open Access•A Igarashi•Social Science Research•2019

  • How Often Have You Felt Disadvantaged? Explaining Perceived Discrimination

    Open Access•Claudia Diehl, Elisabeth Liebau et al.•KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für…•2021

  • Return intentions among Ukrainian refugees in Europe

    Open Access•Anne Maaike Mulders, Gusta G Wachter et al.•International Migration•2024

  • Settlement Intentions and Immigrant Integration

    Open Access•Gusta G Wachter, Fenella Fleischmann•International Migration•2018

  • IDPs in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI)

    Open Access•Hewa Haji Khedir•International Migration•2020

  • Stay away or stay in? Exploring settlement decisions of economic migrants and war refugees from Ukraine in the structural approach framework

    Open Access•Olena Shelest-Szumilas, Marcin Woźniak•International Migration•2024

  • With a little help from my friends”? The role of social interaction in immigrants' perception of their ability to understand politics in the Netherlands

    Open Access•Alexandros Papageorgiou•Acta Politica•2026

  • Healthy’ identities? Revisiting rejection‐identification and rejection‐disidentification models among voluntary and forced immigrants

    Open Access•Magdalena Bobowik, Borja Martinovic et al.•European Journal of Social…•2017

  • Policy variation and refugee integration

    Open Access•Meta Van Der Linden, Jaco Dagevos•New Community•2025

  • Naturalisation and mobility in the migrant life course

    Open Access•Frederik Peters, Floris Peters et al.•New Community•2025

  • The integration paradox

    Open Access•Merlin Schaeffer, Judith Kas•Political Psychology•2025

  • Diasporic homecomings to the Kurdistan region of Iraq

    Open Access•B Baser, Mari Toivanen•Ethnicities•2019

  • Determinants of Refugees' Identification with Country of Origin and Host Country and Their Naturalization Intentions

    Open Access•Y Kosyakova, Anne Maaike Mulders et al.•Journal of Immigrant & Refugee…•2025

  • Return Aspirations of Syrian Refugees in Turkey

    Aysegul Kayaoglu, Zeynep Sahin Mencutek et al.•Journal of Immigrant & Refugee…•2022

  • Through attachment to settlement

    Sabina Toruńczyk-Ruiz, Zuzanna Brunarska•New Community•2020

  • Highly skilled and highly skeptical? How education and origin shape newcomers' relationship with their new home

    Open Access•Claudia Diehl, Sabine Trittler•New Community•2024

  • The paradox of integration

    Jan-Philip Steinmann•New Community•2019

  • The Cost of Being Christian

    Open Access•Shichao Du•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2023

  • Does social embeddedness shape attitudes toward migrants? Evidence from a survey experiment in the United Kingdom

    Open Access•A Igarashi, Millie Creighton•Social Forces•2025

  • Newcomers' self-assessed visibility and their perceptions of discrimination. The case of Turks and Syrians in Germany

    Open Access•Claudia Diehl, Sabine Trittler•European Sociological Review•2025

  • Immigrants' First Names and Perceived Discrimination

    Open Access•J Tuppat, Jurgen Gerhards•European Sociological Review•2021

  • Am I Discriminated Against? Explaining Immigrants' Perceived Discrimination by First Name and Ethnic Origin

    Open Access•K Amit, Pnina Dolberg•Journal of International…•2025

  • Settlement Intentions of Ukrainian Pre-War and Forced Migrants in Poland

    Open Access•Marcin Gońda•Journal of International…•2025

  • The Science of Well-Being

    Open Access•Ed Diener•The Science of Well-Being•2009

  • You Can't Take It with You? Immigrant Assimilation and the Portability of Human Capital

    Rachel M Friedberg•Journal of Labor Economics•2000

  • Causes and Consequences of Return Migration

    Open Access•Yaohui Zhao•Journal of Comparative Economics•2002

  • Antecedents and consequences of attributions to discrimination

    Brenda Major, Wendy J Quinton et al.•Advances in Experimental Social…•2002

  • The theory of planned behavior

    Open Access•Icek Ajzen•Organizational Behavior and Human…•1991

  • Assimilation in American life

    Milton M Gordon•Assimilation in American life•1964

  • Who Leaves? The Outmigration of the Foreign-Born

    George J Borjas, Bernt Bratsberg•The Review of Economics and…•1996

  • Racial/Ethnic Discrimination and Health

    David R Williams, Harold W Neighbors et al.•American Journal of Public Health•2003

  • The Common Ingroup Identity Model

    Samuel L Gaertner, John F Dovidio et al.•European Review of Social…•1993

  • Self-selection, earnings, and out-migration

    Open Access•Amelie Constant, D S Massey•Journal of Population Economics•2003

  • Perceived discrimination and health

    Elizabeth A Pascoe, Laura Smart Richman•Psychological Bulletin•2009

  • The integration paradox

    Thomas De Vroome, Borja Martinovic et al.•Cultural Diversity & Ethnic…•2014

  • The emigration of immigrants, return vs onward migration

    Open Access•Lena Nekby•Journal of Population Economics•2006

  • Economic Participation and National Self-Identification of Refugees in the Netherlands

    Open Access•Thomas De Vroome, M Coenders et al.•International Migration Review•2011

  • Host National Identification of Immigrants in the Netherlands

    Open Access•Thomas De Vroome, M Verkuyten et al.•International Migration Review•2014

  • Who Stays? Who Goes? Selective Emigration Among the Foreign-Born

    Open Access•Jennifer Van Hook, Weiwei Zhang•Population Research and Policy…•2011

  • Return Migration by German Guestworkers

    Open Access•Amelie Constant, Amelie F Constant et al.•International Migration•2002

  • Refugees and transnationalism

    Nadje Al-Ali, Nadje Al‐ali et al.•New Community•2001

  • A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory

    T F Pettigrew, Linda R Tropp•Journal of Personality and Social…•2006

  • Rethinking Assimilation Theory for a New Era of Immigration

    R Alba, Nee et al.•International Migration Review•1997

  • Settlement Intentions of Recently Arrived Immigrants and Refugees in the Netherlands

    Thomas De Vroome, Anne Maaike Mulders•Journal of Immigrant & Refugee…•2014

  • The Paradox of Integration

    Irene Ten Teije, Marcel Coenders et al.•Social Psychology•2013

  • The association between self-reported racial discrimination and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders among Asian Americans nationwide

    Open Access•Gilbert Gee, Gilbert C Gee et al.•Social Science & Medicine•2007

  • A Longitudinal Study of Interethnic Contacts in Germany

    Borja Martinovic, Anne Maaike Mulders et al.•New Community•2015

  • Migration Networks and Migration Decision-Making

    Sonja Haug•New Community•2008

  • The effects of integration and transnational ties on international return migration intentions

    Open Access•Hein De Haas, Tineke Fokkema•Demographic Research•2011

  • Coping with Perceived Discrimination

    Krysia N Mossakowski•Journal of Health and Social…•2003

  • Explaining the Integration Paradox Among Small Immigrant Groups in the Netherlands

    Open Access•Majka Van Doorn, Peer Scheepers et al.•Journal of International…•2013

Unique citing works56
Citations per year6,22
Citation span2017 - 2026 (10)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 55

Tools

Open DOISci-HubOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae