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The analytical study of terrorism

Taking stock

Bibliographic Data

ID3916079
AuthorsTod Sandler (0000-0001-9077-5915, Department of Economics, School of Economic, Political & Policy Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, corresponding author), Todd Sandler
Year2014
Volume51
Issue2
Pages257-271
Publication date2014-03-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Peace Research (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0022-3433 • E-ISSN: 1460-3578
PublisherSAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1177/0022343313491277
OpenAlexW2154928739
LanguageEN
Citations received64
References cited75

This article presents an eclectic review of the analytical study of terrorism that views all agents as rational decisionmakers. This analytical literature began in earnest with the seminal study of US skyjackings by William Landes in 1978. After 11 September 2001, the analytical literature on terrorism grew rapidly. Based on policy relevance, my survey article identifies five key areas of intense research interests. These include analyses of terrorist attack trends, the economic consequences of terrorism, the study of counterterrorism effectiveness, the causes of terrorism, and the relationship of terrorism and liberal democracies. New developments in the field focused on distinguishing key differences between domestic and transnational terrorism. Additionally, recent game-theoretic advances permitted more active agents and stages to the games. Other major developments involved the study of networked terrorists and the role of counterterrorism foreign aid. Fruitful future directions include using advanced econometric methods to discern the true impact of terrorism on growth, applying spatial econometrics to the study of terrorism, ascertaining the determinants of terrorist groups' longevity, and learning how to foster international counterterrorism cooperation

Computer security · Criminology · Economics · International relations · Political science · Politics · Positive economics · Relevance (law) · Sociology · Terrorism · Computer Science · Law · Political Conflict and Governance · Religion and Society Interactions · Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence

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  • A Flying Reign of Terror? The Who, Where, When, What, and How of Non-state Actors and Armed Drones

    Open Access•H Haugstvedt•Journal of Human Security•2023

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  • Counterterrorism, Counterframing, and Perceptions of Terrorist (Ir)rationality

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  • The psychosocial response to a terrorist attack at Manchester Arena, 2017

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    Open Access•G Lafree, Bo Jiang et al.•Journal of Contemporary Criminal…•2024

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  • Terrorist learning in context – the case of Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb

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  • Examining the state repression‐terrorism nexus

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  • An Ever More Violent World

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  • The known knowns and known unknowns of peacekeeping data

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  • Social Struggle – For Inclusive Development and Avoiding Violent Conflict

    Hans Morten Haugen•Forum for Development Studies•2018

  • Democratic breakdown and terrorism

    Open Access•Joshua Tschantret•Conflict Management and Peace…•2020

  • Protestors, terrorists or something else? How to think about dissident groups

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  • Democracies at risk? A forecasting analysis of regime type and the risk of terrorist attack

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  • The local geography of transnational terrorism

    Open Access•Josiah F Marineau, Josiah Marineau et al.•Conflict Management and Peace…•2018

  • Visualising defence and war in economic history journals (1989–2018)

    Nadia Fernández-de-Pinedo, Félix-Fernando Muñoz•Scandinavian Economic History…•2019

  • Evaluating Nigeria’s counter-terrorism framework

    Ugwumba Egbuta•African Identities•2026

  • The Effect of Category Spanning on the Lethality and Longevity of Terrorist Organizations

    Olzak•Social Forces•2016

  • British Voting Intentions and the far Reach of 9/11

    Open Access•Elena Stancanelli•Scottish Journal of Political…•2025

  • Taming the Tides of Terrorism in the Developing Nations

    Open Access•Kazeem B Ajide, Ibrahim D Raheem•The Review of Black Political…•2025

  • Towards the institutionalization of ethics

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  • Exploring Terrorism Through Neutralization Theory

    Amirhossein Mazaheri, Joshua D Freilich et al.•Deviant Behavior•2026

  • Terrorism’s effects on social capital in European countries

    Open Access•Paschalis Arvanitidis, Athina Economou et al.•Public Choice•2016

  • Al Qaeda at the bar

    Open Access•Kjell Hausken, Sheheryar Banuri et al.•Public Choice•2015

  • Rally ’round which flag? Terrorism’s effect on (intra)national identity

    Open Access•Colin R Kuehnhan, Joshua Holm et al.•Public Choice•2021

  • Ethnic inclusion, democracy, and terrorism

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  • Security policy preferences of EU citizens

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  • Is constitutionalized media freedom only window dressing? Evidence from terrorist attacks

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  • Political violence

    Open Access•Tod Sandler, Todd Sandler•Public Choice•2016

  • A model of terrorism and counterterrorism with location choices

    Open Access•Yang Jiao, Zijun Luo•Public Choice•2019

  • Honor and Terrorism

    Open Access•Joshua Tschantret•Social Science Quarterly•2020

  • Enough with the Stereotypes

    Open Access•Rebecca S Cruise•Social Science Quarterly•2016

  • Mapping Criminological Engagements Within Radicalization Studies

    Open Access•Fahad Ahmad, Jeffrey Monaghan•The British Journal of Criminology•2019

  • Terrorism abroad and migration policies at home

    Vincenzo Bove, Tobias Böhmelt et al.•Journal of European Public Policy•2021

  • The Impact of Ideological Ambiguity on Terrorist Organizations

    Open Access•Olzak•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2022

  • State Failure and Transnational Terrorism

    Open Access•Justin George•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2018

  • When Does Terror Induce a State of Emergency? And What Are the Effects

    Open Access•Christian Bjørnskov, Stefan Voigt•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2020

  • Plots, Attacks, and the Measurement of Terrorism

    Open Access•Thomas Hegghammer, Neil Ketchley•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2025

  • Gender Imbalance and Terrorism in Developing Countries

    Open Access•Javed Younas, Tod Sandler•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2017

  • Inter Arma Silent Leges? Democracy, Domestic Terrorism, and Diversion

    Open Access•Dennis Foster, Dennis M Foster•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2017

  • Understanding the rise in violent extremism in Pakistan through the lens of securitization theory

    Syed Muhammad Saad Zaidi, Saira Nawaz Abbasi et al.•Asian Journal of Political Science•2025

  • Beyond coups

    Open Access•Vincenzo Bove, M Rivera et al.•European Journal of International…•2020

  • End of the cycle

    Charles W Mahoney•Small Wars and Insurgencies•2018

  • Twisting arms and sending messages

    Open Access•Sara Mt Polo, Kristian Skrede Gleditsch•Journal of Peace Research•2016

  • Identity threats and ideas of superiority as drivers of religious violence? Evidence from a survey experiment in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

    Open Access•Matthias Basedau, Simone Gobien et al.•Journal of Peace Research•2022

  • Political violence in a polarized democracy

    Open Access•Stefano Costalli, Daniele Guariso et al.•Journal of Peace Research•2025

  • The evolving impact of violent non-state actors on North African foreign policies during the Arab Spring

    Michael J Schumacher, Peter J Schraeder•The Journal of North African…•2019

  • Years of Peace Research

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  • Europe's Red Terrorists

    Yonah Alexander, Dennis A Pluchinsky•Europe's Red Terrorists•2012

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    Eric D Gould, Esteban F Klor•The Quarterly Journal of Economics•2010

  • The macroeconomic consequences of terrorism

    Open Access•S Brock Blomberg, Gregory D Hess et al.•Journal of Monetary Economics•2004

  • Terrorism in a Bargaining Framework

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  • An Economic Study of U. S. Aircraft Hijacking, 1961-1976

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  • An Econometric Analysis of the Impact of Terrorism on Tourism

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  • The Political Economy of Terrorism

    Walter Enders, Tod Sandler et al.•Political Economy of Terrorism•2005

  • How Terrorist Groups End

    Seth G Jones, Martin C Libicki•How terrorist groups end•2008

  • The Political Economy of Terrorism

    Walter Enders, Tod Sandler et al.•Choice Reviews Online•2006

  • An economic perspective on transnational terrorism

    Open Access•Tod Sandler, Todd Sandler et al.•European Journal of Political…•2004

  • Choosing What to Protect

    Open Access•Vicki M Bier, VICKI BIER et al.•Journal of Public Economic Theory•2007

  • Breaking Al Qaeda Cells

    Jonathan David Farley•Studies in Conflict and Terrorism•2003

  • Terrorism and democratic states

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  • What Terrorists Really Want

    Max Abrahms•International Security•2008

  • Can peace be purchased? A sectoral-level analysis of aid’s influence on transnational terrorism

    Open Access•Joseph K Young, Michael G Findley•Public Choice•2011

  • Collective versus unilateral responses to terrorism

    Open Access•Tod Sandler•Public Choice•2005

  • Does terror increase aid

    Open Access•Axel Dreher, Andreas Fuchs•Public Choice•2011

  • Terrorist group survival

    Open Access•S Brock Blomberg, Khusrav Gaibulloev et al.•Public Choice•2011

  • Terrorist networks, support, and delegation

    Open Access•Kevin Siqueira, Tod Sandler et al.•Public Choice•2010

  • Lock, stock, and barrel

    Open Access•Martin Gassebner, Simon Luechinger•Public Choice•2011

  • The calculus of dissent

    Open Access•Tod Sandler, Todd Sandler et al.•Synthese•1988

  • Terrorism and the Liberal State

    John C Campbell, Paul Wilkinson et al.•Foreign Affairs•1978

  • The Interplay Between Preemptive and Defensive Counterterrorism Measures

    Open Access•Subhayu Bandyopadhyay, Tod Sandler et al.•Economica•2011

  • Democratic Competition and Terrorist Activity

    Erica Chenoweth•The Journal of Politics•2010

  • Economic Conditions and the Quality of Suicide Terrorism

    Efraim Benmelech, Claude Berrebi et al.•The Journal of Politics•2012

  • A Bayesian Poisson Vector Autoregression Model

    Open Access•Patrick T Brandt, Tod Sandler et al.•Political Analysis•2012

  • Terrorism and Civil War

    Open Access•Michael G Findley, Joseph K Young•Perspectives on Politics•2012

  • Counterterrorism

    Open Access•Daniel G Arce M, Tod Sandler•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2005

  • Too Much of a Good Thing

    Open Access•B Peter Rosendorff, Tod Sandler et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2004

  • On the Duration and Sustainability of Transnational Terrorist Organizations

    Open Access•Brock Blomberg, S Brock Blomberg et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2010

  • Regional Effects of Terrorism on Tourism in Three Mediterranean Countries

    Open Access•Konstantinos Drakos, Κωνσταντίνος Δράκος et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2003

  • Network Externalities and the Structure of Terror Networks

    Open Access•Walter Enders, Paan Jindapon•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2010

  • Is Transnational Terrorism Becoming More Threatening

    Open Access•Walter Enders, Tod Sandler et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2000

  • Does Democracy Promote or Reduce Transnational Terrorist Incidents

    Open Access•Quan Li•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2005

  • What Do Transnational Terrorists Target? Has It Changed? Are We Safer

    Open Access•Patrick T Brandt, Tod Sandler•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2010

  • Foreign Aid Versus Military Intervention in the War on Terror

    Open Access•Jean-Paul Azam, Jean–paul Azam et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2010

  • Rebels without a Territory

    Open Access•Luis De La Calle, Ignacio Sánchez-Cuenca•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2012

  • Democracy, Foreign Policy, and Terrorism

    Open Access•Burcu Savun, Barbara J Phillips et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2009

  • Distribution of Transnational Terrorism Among Countries by Income Class and Geography After 9/11

    Open Access•Walter Enders, Tod Sandler et al.•International Studies Quarterly•2006

  • Sabotaging the Peace

    Open Access•Andrew H Kydd, Andrew Kydd et al.•International Organization•2002

  • A Blessing or a Curse? State Support for Terrorist Groups

    Open Access•D Bruce Carter, David B Carter•International Organization•2012

  • Politics and the Suboptimal Provision of Counterterror

    Ethan Bueno De Mesquita•International Organization•2007

  • The Causes of Terrorism

    Martha Crenshaw•Comparative Politics•1981

  • Retaliating against Terrorism

    Bryan Brophy-Baermann, John A C Conybeare•American Journal of Political…•1994

  • The Quality of Terror

    Open Access•Ethan Bueno De Mesquita•American Journal of Political…•2005

  • The Economic Costs of Conflict

    Alberto Abadie, Javier Gardeazabal•American Economic Review•2003

  • Moving Beyond Deterrence

    Open Access•Laura Dugan, Erica Chenoweth•American Sociological Review•2012

  • Rooted in Poverty

    James A Piazza, James C Piazza•Terrorism and Political Violence•2006

  • Introducing the Global Terrorism Database

    G Lafree, Laura Dugan•Terrorism and Political Violence•2007

  • The Economic Cost of March 11

    Mikel Buesa, Aurelia Valiño et al.•Terrorism and Political Violence•2007

  • Does democracy encourage terrorism

    William Lee Eubank, Leonard Weinberg•Terrorism and Political Violence•1994

  • Education, Poverty and Terrorism

    Open Access•Alan B Krueger, Jitka Malečková•The Journal of Economic…•2003

  • Poverty, minority economic discrimination, and domestic terrorism

    Open Access•James A Piazza•Journal of Peace Research•2011

  • The adverse effect of transnational and domestic terrorism on growth in Africa

    Open Access•Khusrav Gaibulloev, Tod Sandler et al.•Journal of Peace Research•2011

  • Transnational terrorism, US military aid, and the incentive to misrepresent

    Open Access•Navin A Bapat•Journal of Peace Research•2011

  • Hostage Taking

    Open Access•Khusrav Gaibulloev, Tod Sandler et al.•Journal of Peace Research•2009

  • Domestic versus transnational terrorism

    Open Access•Walter Enders, Tod Sandler et al.•Journal of Peace Research•2011

  • Veto players and terror

    Open Access•Joseph K Young, Laura Dugan•Journal of Peace Research•2011

  • A Theoretical Analysis of Transnational Terrorism

    Open Access•Tod Sandler, Todd Sandler et al.•American Political Science Review•1983

  • Defending against Terrorist Attacks with Limited Resources

    Open Access•Robert Powell•American Political Science Review•2007

  • The Effectiveness of Antiterrorism Policies

    Open Access•Walter Enders, Tod Sandler et al.•American Political Science Review•1993

  • The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism

    Robert A Pape•American Political Science Review•2003

Unique citing works64
Citations per year5,33
Citation span2014 - 2026 (13)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 61
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