The Geography of Complex Knowledge
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 4043586 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Pierre-Alexandre Balland (0000-0003-2787-4376, Utrecht University), David Rigby (0009-0003-8735-2008), David L Rigby (0000-0002-8555-1308, University of California, Los Angeles, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2017 |
| Volume | 93 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 1-23 |
| Publication date | 2017-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Economic Geography (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0013-0095 • E-ISSN: 1944-8287 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/00130095.2016.1205947 |
| OpenAlex | W2502460933 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 168 |
| References cited | 87 |
There is consensus among scholars and policy makers that knowledge is one of the key drivers of long-run economic growth. It is also clear from the literature that not all knowledge has the same value. However, too often in economic geography and cognate fields we have been obsessed with counting knowledge inputs and outputs rather than assessing the quality of knowledge produced. In this article we measure the complexity of knowledge, we map the distribution and the evolution of knowledge complexity in US cities, and we explore how the spatial diffusion of knowledge is linked to complexity. Our knowledge complexity index rests on the bimodal network models of Hidalgo and Hausmann. Analysis is based on more than two million patent records from the US Patent and Trademark Office that identify the technological structure of US metropolitan areas in terms of the patent classes in which they are most active between 1975 and 2010. We find that knowledge complexity is unevenly distributed across the United States and that cities with the most complex technological structures are not necessarily those with the highest rates of patenting. Citation data indicate that more complex patents are less likely to be cited than less complex patents when citing and cited patents are located in different metropolitan areas
Citation · Distribution (mathematics) · Economic geography · Geography · Metropolitan area · Quality (philosophy) · Regional science · Trademark · Computer Science · Economic and Technological Innovation · Innovation Diffusion and Forecasting · Mathematics · Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis
The Potential and Limits of Environmental Disclosure Regulation
Hierarquias regionais no agronegócio canavieiro
Handbook on the Geographies of Regions and Territories
Innovation in the Periphery
Climbing the ladder of technological development
Economic complexity theory and applications
The Maker Movement and Urban Economic Development
Consumption at what cost? Neighbourhood complexity and heat hazard
Enhancing innovative capabilities in lagging regions
Leveraging the digital layer
Co-location of skill-related suppliers
Boosting, sorting and complexity—urban scaling of innovation around the world
Buzz and pipelines
Globalising innovation through co-inventions–the success case of the Korean lithium-ion battery industry
Local labour tasks and patenting in US commuting zones
Inventors, firms and localities
The polarisation of Italian metropolitan areas, 2000–2018
Modeling the Built Environment’s Role in Shaping Innovation-Oriented Productivity Through a Spatially Heterogeneous Lens
From connectivity to complexity
Knowledge sourcing in local and organizational spaces by multilocational firms and its innovation effects
Convergence of EU countries according to economic complexity
Complexity and FDI in market-dependent economies
Green digital finance and technology diffusion
A comparative study of urban ecological resilience in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the Yellow River Basin
Forging linkages between complexity of productive capabilities and woman fertility
How does the globalization process improve population health? An analysis from the perspective of economic complexity
Key enabling technologies (KETs) in the technological space
The role of clusters in addressing societal challenges in European regions
The role of networks and relatedness in the birth of new industries. In search of incomplete innovative arrangements
Knowledge sourcing by multi-plant firms in Europe
Science and productivity in European firms
Development of 5G – Identifying organizations active in publishing, patenting, and standardization
Innovation in 5G technology
Ubiquitous technologies and 5G development. Who is leading the race
Assessing university-business collaborations for moderate innovators
Technological relatedness, technological complexity and the development of digital technology in Chinese cities
High-speed railway and city industrial upgrading in China
Bringing economic complexity to the intra-urban scale
Relatedness, economic complexity, and manufacturing investment
Market relatedness and local export dynamics
Diffusion of the Internet-of-Things (IoT)
The impact of relatedness and unrelatedness on breakthrough innovation in China
Economic complexity, environmental quality and income equality
Exploring cooperative and competitive relations in a Chinese intercity innovation network
Knowledge sourcing by multi-locational firms in Chinese cities
The emergence of Industry 4.0 technologies across Chinese cities
Agricultural development, structural transformation, and industrial diversification of regions
Deep learning, deep change? Mapping the evolution and geography of a general purpose technology
Patent protection
Technology cluster coupling and invulnerability of industrial innovation networks
A spatial–temporal network analysis of patent transfers from U.S. universities to firms
Sona
Unraveling the impact of patent transfers on regional innovation
Multilayer patent citation networks
Roles of related and unrelated external technologies in shaping regional breakthrough technological advantages
The effects of regional capacity in knowledge recombination on production efficiency
‘License to green’
Divergent Paths
The sensitivity of innovation modes to distance
Columbus' egg and the engineer's effect in forecasting solutions adoption
Invention complexity, latent innovation capabilities, and economic development in upper middle-income countries
Artificial intelligence
How to reach new technological specialisation
Connecting geographies of innovation and polycentric urban regions through anchoring and mobility
Polycentricity and technological diversification
Extensive Dynamics of Global Collaboration Network for Scientific Breakthroughs
A Typology of Micropolitan Areas in the United States
Can Personal Freedom Drive Economic Complexity
Does Greater Knowledge Complexity Promote Structural Upgrading? Evidence From Chinese Cities
Analysis of Spatial Networks From Bipartite Projections Using the R Backbone Package
How cumulative is technological knowledge
The relationship evolution between urbanization and urban ecological resilience in the Northern Slope Economic Belt of Tianshan Mountains, China
Science and Technology in Regions of Russia
Mapping semiconductor innovation clusters in China
Mapping China’s digital transformation
Technological diversification in China
The role of the technological capacity of regional partners on technological branching
Does a local knowledge base in Industry 3.0 foster diversification in Industry 4.0 technologies? Evidence from European regions
Co‐inventor networks and knowledge production in specialized and diversified cities
Regional R&I ventures to tackle climate change
Relatedness in the implementation of Smart Specialisation Strategy
Related diversification of high-quality technologies within Chinese cities
The geographic evolution of optics technologies in the United States, 1976–2010
Impacts of EU funded R&D networks on the generation of key enabling technologies
Explaining the dynamics of relatedness
Related industries, economic complexity, and regional diversification
The role of inventors’ networks and variety for breakthrough inventions
Regional determinants of biogas production units setup
Functional upgrading and downgrading in global value chains
Economic complexity and firm performance in the cultural and creative sector
Intra- and inter-firm dynamics in combinatorial knowledge bases
Surging scientific capabilities in cities worldwide after significant earthquakes
Trade, Global Value Chains and Upgrading
Are Chinese cities getting smarter in terms of knowledge and technology they produce
Specialization in food production affects global food security and food systems sustainability
Green window of opportunity in Latin America
Global Mobile Inventors
An economic complexity analysis of the Kaliningrad region
Rejuvenation or maturation
Intercity talent flow and the evolution of urban technological diversification
The regional world
Patents, Citations, and Innovations
The Origins of Order
The Learning Economy
Patents and innovation counts as measures of regional production of new knowledge
Knowledge bases and regional innovation systems
Small Worlds Among Interlocking Directors
Knowledge coherence, variety and economic growth
The Product Space Conditions the Development of Nations
The building blocks of economic complexity
The Tacit Dimension
Technology as a complex adaptive system
Complexity, networks and knowledge flow
A Penny for Your Quotes
Relatedness and technological change in cities
The NBER Patent Citation Data File
Knowledge, Clusters, and Competitive Advantage
Patent Statistics as an Innovation Indicator
Understanding corporate coherence
Chapter 61 Knowledge spillovers and the geography of innovation
Citations, family size, opposition and the value of patent rights
The Geographic Concentration of Industry
Knowledge of the Firm, Combinative Capabilities, and the Replication of Technology
Mapping Knowledge Space and Technological Relatedness in US Cities
Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations
Toward a knowledge‐based theory of the firm
A behavioral theory of the firm
Technical change and economic theory
An evolutionary theory of economic change
Regional Advantage
Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy
Social capital, innovation and growth
Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy
What Happens When Firms Patent? New Evidence from U.S. Economic Census Data
Triadic closure in two-mode networks
Exploring evolutionary economic geographies
Technological variety, technological change and a geography of production techniques
A theoretical framework for evolutionary economic geography
The Resurgence of Regional Economies, Ten Years Later
The Competitiveness of Firms and Regions
Clusters and knowledge
Tacit Knowledge, Innovation and Economic Geography
A Calendar of Wisdom. Daily Thoughts to Nourish the Soul. Written and Selected from the World's Sacred Texts
Related Variety, Unrelated Variety and Technological Breakthroughs
Collective Learning, Tacit Knowledge and Regional Innovative Capacity
Relatedness, Industrial Branching and Technological Cohesion in US Metropolitan Areas
Regional “Worlds” of Production
Technological Relatedness and Knowledge Space
Proximity and the Evolution of Collaboration Networks
Endogenous Technological Change
Regional motors of the global economy
A New View of Technological Change
Patent Quality and Research Productivity
Patents, Real Options and Firm Performance
A Microeconomic Approach to Induced Innovation
A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth
The Geography of Innovation
Tacit knowledge and the economic geography of context, or The undefinable tacitness of being (there)
Sticky Places in Slippery Space
Being There
| Unique citing works | 168 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 18,67 |
| Citation span | 2017 - 2026 (10) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 166 |