Recruiting and Retaining Minority Graduate Students

The Supreme Court of the United States, in Brown v. Board of Education, set the fundamental standard for minority access to higher education. Since that 1954 decision, further legal definitions and opinions have expanded the concept of access by increasing the role of the Federal Government and the responsibilities of universities to increase the representation of minorities. To a great extent, legal standards and educational policy became intertwined during the 1970s as affirmative action programs were launched in response to governmental mandates and in an effort to achieve social justice in higher education. As a result, and with an increase in the availability of financial aid-scholarships, fellowships grants-there were some notable gains in the enrollment of Blacks and other minority students. Using 1966 as a watershed year in minority access to higher education, the data reveal profound changes. From 1966 to 1976, the proportion of Black college students increased from 4.6 percent to 10.7 percent, and the number of Black college students increased more than 275 percent.' In spite of these gains, Crossland predicted that Black enrollment probably would not reach the point at which the ratio of Black students to total enrollment equaled the ratio of all Blacks to the total population by 1980. He predicted that other minority groups would be even more poorly represented.2

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• Recruiting minority students and faculty for graduate and professional schools

  Mary Jane Brustman•Journal of Criminal Justice…•1991

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