America's Policy-Making in Haitian Education, 1915-1934

While the treaty of 1916 between Haiti and the United States made no direct reference to education, the American occupiers soon became involved in the operation of Haitian schools. In fact, one year after the signing of the treaty, they created the post of Superintendent of Public Instruction for Haiti and brought in Lionel Bourgeois, a former superintendent of public instruction in Louisiana, to fill the post. Bourgeois quickly drew up a plan to reform the nation's schools and urged that a cadre of American inspectors be appointed to direct this educational reformation. In defense of this plan to have Americans, and not native educational leaders, oversee the transformation of Haitian education, Bourgeois argued: No reform of the school system can be effected by employing strictly Haitian Inspectors for the very good reason that it is impossible to find here a sufficient number of properly trained school men. Even if this were possible such inspectors could not accomplish the aim desired on account of the peculiar psychology of the Haitian mass at this time which unaccustomed to disciplining itself does not tolerate the attempt coming from its own race.1

Economic growth · Economics · Policy making · Political science · Caribbean history, culture, and politics · Diverse Education Studies and Reforms · Public Administration · Race, History, and American Society

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