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The Spread of a Transnational Model

Gated Communities' in Three Southern African Cities (Cape Town, Maputo and Windhoek)

Bibliographic Data

ID4382865
AuthorsMarianne Morange (0000-0001-7772-7628, corresponding author), Fabrice Folio (corresponding author), Élisabeth Peyroux (0000-0001-7853-8976, corresponding author), Jeanne Vivet (corresponding author)
Year2012
Volume36
Issue5
Pages890-914
Publication date2012-09-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternational Journal of Urban and Regional Research (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0309-1317 • E-ISSN: 1468-2427
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/j.1468-2427.2012.01135.x
OpenAlexW1571387199
LanguageEN
Citations received34
References cited38

The worldwide spread of gated residential developments (GRDs) reached Southern Africa in the late 1980s, at a time of dramatic political and urban change. Their success has been primarily interpreted as an outcome of the transformations affecting cities, i.e. perceived decreased security and changing racial patterns. Such analyses are embedded in the fragmentation of urban societies and shed light on community or household strategies. Breaking away from this perspective, we argue that, although GRDs fit very well into unequal postcolonial, postwar or post-apartheid societies, they should also be envisioned as polymorphic real estate products tailored to care for the middle classes of the corresponding urban contexts. By focusing on the role of developers, estate agents and international aid networks in spreading this model in Cape Town, Maputo and Windhoek, we highlight the importance of market-related and political processes, as well as the influence of the local urban, political and town planning contexts on the adaptation of this private suburban housing product. The circulation of this model is geographically analysed in terms of scales and local contexts through a comparative approach that allows us to assess how it adapts to or disrupts inherited urban patterns and planning traditions.RésuméL'irrésistible mouvement mondial de propagation des résidences fermées a atteint l'Afrique australe dans les années 1980, à un moment où la sous-région connaissait des transformations urbaines et politiques spectaculaires (transition post-apartheid, situation post-conflit). Le succès de cette option résidentielle a donc été attribué au désir des classes moyennes de s'affranchir des transformations raciales en cours dans ces sociétés urbaines et à la montée du sentiment d'insécurité. Cette lecture renvoie aux débats sur la fragmentation sociale et met l'accent sur les stratégies communautaires ou individuelles des ménages. Or si les résidences clôturées trouvent un terrain d'expansion favorable dans des contextes postcoloniaux et de transition, elles constituent également des produits immobiliers polymorphes, conçus pour s'adapter à la diversité des classes moyennes des villes dans lesquels elles s'implantent. On choisit ici de les considérer sous cet angle en analysant le rôle que jouent les promoteurs, les agents immobiliers et les réseaux internationaux de l'aide au développement dans la diffusion de ce modèle, ainsi que les dynamiques de marché et les processus politiques qui président à leur succès au Cap, à Maputo et à Windhoek. A travers une lecture géographique et comparative du phénomène dans ces trois villes, on étudie la manière dont ce produit immobilier suburbain s'adapte aux structures urbaines et aux traditions de planification urbaine de ces villes (ou au contraire les bouleversent), comment il circule à plusieurs d'échelles dans la sous-région (intra-urbaine, interurbaine et régionale), ainsi que le poids des contextes locaux dans la réception et les déclinaisons de ce modèle

Archaeology · Cape · Economic geography · Economic growth · Economics · Economy · Geography · Political science · Politics · Real estate · Sociology · Housing, Finance, and Neoliberalism · Urban and Rural Development Challenges · Urban Planning and Governance

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Unique citing works34
Citations per year2,43
Citation span2012 - 2026 (15)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 32

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