Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

The Accumulation of (Dis)advantage

The Intersection of Gender and Race in the Long-Term Wage Effect of Marriage

Bibliographic Data

ID4522360
AuthorsSiwei Cheng (0000-0003-2149-0574, University of California, Los Angeles, corresponding author)
Year2016
Volume81
Issue1
Pages29-56
Publication date2016-02-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueAmerican Sociological Review (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0003-1224 • E-ISSN: 1939-8271
PublisherSAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1177/0003122415621263
OpenAlexW2218229036
LanguageEN
Citations received39
References cited122

A sizable literature examines whether and why marriage affects men's and women's wages. This study advances current research in two ways. First, whereas most prior studies treat the effect of marriage as time-invariant, I examine how the wage effect of marriage unfolds over the life course. Second, whereas prior work often focuses on the population-average effect of marriage or is limited to some particular gender or racial group, I examine the intersection of gender and race in the effect of marriage. Analyzing data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979, I find that the marriage wage premium grows steadily and at a similar pace among white and black men. The marriage wage premium declines toward negative among white women, yet it grows steadily among black women. Furthermore, measured work experience explains a substantial amount of the wage premium among black men, yet it has little explanatory power among white men, pointing to the importance of unobserved factors in white men's marriage premium. Changes in work experience negatively affect married white women's wages, yet they positively affect married black women's wages, pointing to the important differences between black and white families

Affect (linguistics · Current Population Survey · Demographic economics · Economics · Explanatory power · Geography · Labour economics · National Longitudinal Surveys · Pace · Population · Race (biology · Sociology · Wage · White (mutation · Demography · Family Dynamics and Relationships · Gender Studies · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics · Psychology · Work-Family Balance Challenges

  • A Roadmap for Inequality Research

    Open Access•Emma Williams-Baron, Aliya Saperstein•Sociological Science•2026

  • Exploring Gender Differences in Marital and Parental Income Premiums Among Financial Advisors

    Open Access•Derek T Tharp, Elizabeth J Parks‐Stamm et al.•Journal of Family and Economic…•2022

  • The Under-Utilization of Women’s Talent

    Open Access•Yue Qian, J E Yavorsky•Social Forces•2020

  • The male marital earnings premium contextualized

    Open Access•M Schechtl, N Kapelle•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2024

  • The Ideal Job‐Seeker Norm

    Open Access•A H Rao•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2021

  • Marriage, Cohabitation, and Sexual Exclusivity

    Open Access•Brandon Wagner, Brandon G Wagner•Social Forces•2019

  • The Impact of Taking Family Leaves Across Finnish Fathers’ Wage Distribution

    Open Access•K Morosow, Lynn Prince Cooke•Social Forces•2022

  • Measuring public‐private‐substitution after divorce

    Open Access•Dorian Kessler, G Potarca et al.•International Journal of Social…•2021

  • Notions of Care Labor Are Antithetical to Profitable Labor

    Open Access•Grace Flores‐roble, Ana P Gantman•Psychology of Women Quarterly•2024

  • His and hers earnings trajectories

    Open Access•Allison Dunatchik•Research in Social Stratification…•2024

  • Can a motherhood premium in public transfer income offset the Danish motherhood earnings penalty

    Open Access•Therese Bay-Smidt Christensen, Alexandra Killewald•European Sociological Review•2025

  • Does Ethnicity Moderate the Union Dissolution Penalty for Women? A Register-based Analysis of Changes in Income Components

    Open Access•B Hogendoorn, M Kalmijn•European Journal of Population /…•2024

  • What Factors Explain the Decline in Widowed Women’s Poverty

    Open Access•Alicia H Munnell, Geoffrey Sanzenbacher et al.•Demography•2020

  • New Evidence Against a Causal Marriage Wage Premium

    Open Access•Alexandra Killewald, Ian Lundberg•Demography•2017

  • The Marriage Wealth Premium Revisited

    Open Access•P M Lersch•Demography•2017

  • Becoming a Father, Staying a Father

    Open Access•Ohjae Gowen•Social Forces•2023

  • Are the Tickets for Everyone? Heterogeneity of Economic Rewards for Associate's Degree Completion

    Open Access•K Lee, Kathleen E Lee et al.•The Review of Black Political…•2023

  • The Myth of Men’s Stable, Continuous Labor Force Attachment

    Open Access•Adrianne Frech, Jane Lankes et al.•Socius Sociological Research for…•2023

  • Hispanic intersectional pay in the United States

    Open Access•A C Ferraro, Abby Young et al.•Sociological Forum•2025

  • Double disadvantage of Black, Hispanic, and Asian American women in earnings, revisited

    Open Access•Andrew Taeho Kim, C Kim•Research in Social Stratification…•2025

  • Fighting Covid-19 like a war

    Open Access•Shan-Jan Sarah Liu•International Feminist Journal of…•2024

  • Is the Gender Wage Gap Really a Family Wage Gap in Disguise

    Open Access•Youngjoo Cha, K A Weeden et al.•American Sociological Review•2023

  • Is There a Male Marital Wage Premium? New Evidence from the United States

    Open Access•Volker Ludwig, Josef Brüderl•American Sociological Review•2018

  • How Marriage Matters for the Intergenerational Mobility of Family Income

    Open Access•Seongsoo Choi, Insoo Chung et al.•American Sociological Review•2020

  • Family status and women's career mobility during urban China's economic transition

    Open Access•G He, Xiaogang Wu et al.•Demographic Research•2021

  • The Socioeconomic Attainments of Second-Generation Nigerian and Other Black Americans

    Open Access•A Sakamoto, Ernesto Friedrich De Lima Amaral et al.•Socius Sociological Research for…•2021

  • Diverging Trajectories or Parallel Pathways? An Intersectional and Life Course Approach to the Gender Earnings Gap by Race and Education

    Open Access•Catherine Doren, Katherine Y Lin et al.•Socius Sociological Research for…•2019

  • Social Rigidity Across and Within Generations

    Open Access•Haowen Zheng, Siwei Cheng•Sociological Methods & Research•2025

  • The Age-Period-Cohort-Interaction Model for Describing and Investigating Inter-cohort Deviations and Intra-cohort Life-course Dynamics

    Open Access•Liying Luo, James S Hodges•Sociological Methods & Research•2022

  • Black Men and Black Masculinity

    Alford A Young•Annual Review of Sociology•2021

  • Presumed Competent

    Open Access•Jennifer Lee, K A Goyette et al.•Annual Review of Sociology•2024

  • The Male Marriage Premium

    Open Access•Patrick Mcdonald•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2020

  • Work and Family in the Second Decade of the 21st Century

    Open Access•Maureen Perry‐jenkin, Naomi Gerstel•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2020

  • What Explains the Decline in First Marriage in the United States? Evidence from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, 1969 to 2013

    Open Access•D Schneider, K Harknett et al.•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2018

  • Educational Assortative Mating and Income Dynamics in Couples

    Open Access•Y Qian•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2018

  • Parenthood and the Gender Gap in Workplace Authority

    Open Access•D Stojmenovska, P England•European Sociological Review•2021

  • The Accumulation of Wealth in Marriage

    Open Access•N Kapelle, P M Lersch•European Sociological Review•2020

  • Stark Choices

    Menghan Zhao, Emily Hannum•Chinese Sociological Review•2019

  • Educational assortative mating and couples' linked occupational trajectories in China

    Open Access•Jian Song, Bo Hu et al.•Social Science Research•2025

  • The Package Deal

    Nicholas W Townsend•The Package Deal•2002

  • Life course dynamics

    Glen H Elder•Life course dynamics•1985

  • The economics of women, men and work

    Francine D Blau•The economics of women, men and…•2010

  • Promises I Can Keep

    Kathryn Edin, Maria Kefalas•Promises I Can Keep•2019

  • A Treatise on the Family

    Gary S Becker•Treatise on the Family•1991

  • Heterogeneity's Ruses

    James W Vaupel, Anatoli I Yashin•The American Statistician•1985

  • Panel Data and Unobservable Individual Effects

    Jerry A Hausman, William E Taylor•Econometrica•1981

  • The Wage Effects of Marital Status and Children

    Martha S Hill•The Journal of Human Resources•1979

  • Productivity Differences and the Marriage Wage Premium for White Males

    Seng Loh•The Journal of Human Resources•1996

  • “Together, We Are Strong”

    Open Access•Loren D Marks, Katrina D Hopkins et al.•Family Relations•2008

  • The Marriage Earnings Premium as a Distributed Fixed Effect

    Christopher Dougherty•The Journal of Human Resources•2006

  • The Emergence and Development of Life Course Theory

    Open Access•Glen H Elder, M K Johnson et al.•Handbook of the Life Course•2003

  • Interrupted Work Careers

    Jacob Mincer, Haim Ofek•The Journal of Human Resources•1982

  • The Truly Disadvantaged

    William Julius Wilson, Amy Shapiro et al.•Color - Class - Identity•2012

  • Does Marriage Really Make Men More Productive

    Sanders Korenman, David Neumark•The Journal of Human Resources•1991

  • Human Capital, Effort, and the Sexual Division of Labor

    Gary S Becker•Journal of Labor Economics•1985

  • Occupational Self-Selection

    Solomon William Polachek•The Review of Economics and…•1981

  • “Behind Every Great Man…”

    Open Access•Sarah Ashwin, Olga Isupova•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2014

  • A Review of the Motherhood Wage Penalty in the United States

    Open Access•M Gough, Mary C Noonan et al.•Sociology Compass•2013

  • Determinants of Divorce

    Lynn White, Lynn K White•Journal of Marriage and the Family•1990

  • The rise of cohabitation and childbearing outside marriage in western Europe

    Kathleen Kiernan•International Journal of Law…•2001

  • Gender Inequality in Labor Markets

    P England•Social Politics International…•2005

  • Time Use, Gender, and Public Policy Regimes

    J Gershuny•Social Politics International…•2003

  • Is the male marriage premium due to selection? The effect of shotgun weddings on the return to marriage

    Open Access•Donna K Ginther, Madeline Zavodny•Journal of Population Economics•2001

  • The declining marital-status earnings differential

    Open Access•Mckinley L Blackburn, Mckinley Blackburn et al.•Journal of Population Economics•1994

  • The production of gender among Black and White women and men

    Open Access•Daphne John, Beth Anne Shelton•Sex Roles•1997

  • Economic potential and entry into marriage and cohabitation

    Open Access•Y Xie, James M Raymo et al.•Demography•2003

  • Men’s career development and marriage timing during a period of rising inequality

    Open Access•Valerie Kincade Oppenheimer, M Kalmijn et al.•Demography•1997

  • After the starting line

    Open Access•Reynolds Farley•Demography•1988

  • Cohabiting and marriage during young men’s career-development process

    Open Access•Valerie Kincade Oppenheimer•Demography•2003

  • How do marital status, work effort, and wage rates interact

    Open Access•Avner Ahituv, Robert I Lerman•Demography•2007

  • Motherhood as a Status Characteristic

    Open Access•C L Ridgeway, J Correll et al.•Journal of Social Issues•2004

  • The Black Family and Mass Incarceration

    Open Access•B Western, C Wildeman•The Annals of the American…•2009

  • Male-Female Wage Differentials in Great Britain

    Christine Greenhalgh•The Economic Journal•1980

  • Men Without Children

    Open Access•George A Akerlof•The Economic Journal•1998

  • Cross‐national variations in the division of household labor

    Open Access•N Davis, Shannon N Davis et al.•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2004

  • The second shift

    Arlie Russell Hochschild, Anne Machung•The second shift•2003

  • Does Marriage Matter

    Open Access•L J Waite•Demography•1995

  • The Effect of Children on Women's Wages

    Jane Waldfogel•American Sociological Review•1997

  • Race and the Retreat From Marriage

    D T Lichter, Diane K Mclaughlin et al.•American Sociological Review•1992

  • The Changing Economic Role of Women

    Claudia Goldin•The Journal of Interdisciplinary…•1983

  • Housework in Marital and Nonmarital Households

    J South, Scott J South et al.•American Sociological Review•1994

  • Differences in Disadvantage

    Open Access•Michelle J Budig, Melissa J Hodges•American Sociological Review•2010

  • A Reconsideration of the Fatherhood Premium

    Open Access•Alexandra Killewald•American Sociological Review•2013

  • Two Decades of Family Change

    Megan M Sweeney•American Sociological Review•2002

  • The Structure of Disadvantage

    E Grodsky, Devah Pager•American Sociological Review•2001

  • Job Mobility and Wage Trajectories for Men and Women in the United States

    Open Access•Sylvia Fuller•American Sociological Review•2008

  • Occupational Stratification across the Life Course

    J R Warren, R M Hauser et al.•American Sociological Review•2002

  • The Wage Penalty for Motherhood

    Michelle J Budig, P England•American Sociological Review•2001

  • Does Specialization Explain Marriage Penalties and Premiums

    Open Access•Alexandra Killewald, M Gough•American Sociological Review•2013

  • The Historical Problem of the Family Wage

    Martha May•Feminist Studies•1982

  • When Work Disappears

    Open Access•William Julius Wilson•Political Science Quarterly•1996

  • The Motherhood Wage Penalty Revisited

    Open Access•Deborah J Anderson, Melissa Binder et al.•Industrial and Labor Relations…•2003

  • Household Specialization and the Male Marriage Wage Premium

    Open Access•Joni Hersch, Leslie S Stratton•Industrial and Labor Relations…•2000

  • Pay Differences Among the Highly Trained

    Mary C Noonan, Mary E Corcoran et al.•Social Forces•2005

  • Double Jeopardy? The Interaction of Gender and Race on Earnings in the United States

    Emily Greenman, Yuting Xie•Social Forces•2008

  • Division of Household Work Between Partners

    Yoshinori Kamo, Ellen L Cohen et al.•Journal of Comparative Family…•1998

  • The Effects of Transitions in Marital Status on Men's Performance of Housework

    Gupta, Sanjiv Gupta•Journal of Marriage and the Family•1999

  • Linking Economic Hardship to Marital Quality and Instability

    Rand D Conger, Glen H Elder et al.•Journal of Marriage and the Family•1990

  • Race Differences in Attitudinal and Motivational Factors in the Decision to Marry

    Richard A Bulcroft, Richard Bulcroft et al.•Journal of Marriage and the Family•1993

  • The Distribution of Household Labor among Women in Dual-Earner Families

    Elizabeth Maret, Barbara Finlay•Journal of Marriage and the Family•1984

  • Is Anyone Doing the Housework? Trends in the Gender Division of Household Labor

    Suzanne M Bianchi, M A Milkie et al.•Social Forces•2000

  • Male Advantage and the Gender Composition of Jobs

    Michelle J Budig•Social Problems•2002

  • Doing Gender

    Open Access•Candace West, Don H Zimmerman•Gender & Society•1987

  • Who Gets the Daddy Bonus

    Open Access•Melissa J Hodges, Michelle J Budig•Gender & Society•2010

  • Normative Discrimination and the Motherhood Penalty

    Open Access•Stephen Benard, J Correll et al.•Gender & Society•2010

  • Masculinity, Bargaining, and Breadwinning

    Open Access•Thebaud, Sarah Thébaud•Gender & Society•2010

  • Race and Gender in Families and at Work

    Open Access•Rebecca Glauber•Gender & Society•2008

  • Cumulative Versus Continuous Disadvantage in an Unstructured Labor Market

    Open Access•William T Bielby, Denise D Bielby•Work and Occupations•1992

  • Cohabitation and the Declining Marriage Premium for Men

    Open Access•Philip N Cohen•Work and Occupations•2002

  • Marriage and Money

    Open Access•Elizabeth H Gorman, Elizabeth Gorman•Work and Occupations•2000

  • Toward a Deeper Understanding of the Meaning of Marriage Among Black Men

    Open Access•Tera R Hurt•Journal of Family Issues•2013

  • New Directions in Life Course Research

    K U Mayer•Annual Review of Sociology•2009

  • The Intersection of Gender and Race in the Labor Market

    I Browne, Joya Misra•Annual Review of Sociology•2003

  • The Division of Household Labor

    Beth Anne Shelton, Daphne John•Annual Review of Sociology•1996

  • Do Traditional Fathers Always Work More? Gender Ideology, Race, and Parenthood

    Open Access•Rebecca Glauber, Kristi L Gozjolko•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2011

  • Economic Factors and Relationship Quality Among Young Couples

    Open Access•Jessica Halliday Hardie, Amy Lucas•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2010

  • Marriage and the Motherhood Wage Penalty Among African Americans, Hispanics, and Whites

    Open Access•Rebecca Glauber•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2007

  • Autonomy, Dependence, or Display? The Relationship Between Married Women's Earnings and Housework

    Open Access•Gupta, Sanjiv Gupta•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2007

  • High Hopes but Even Higher Expectations

    Open Access•C Gibson-Davis, Christina M Gibson‐davi et al.•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2005

  • Measuring and Modeling Cohabitation

    Open Access•W D Manning, Pamela J Smock•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2005

  • Incarceration and the Formation and Stability of Marital Unions

    Open Access•Leonard M Lopoo, B Western•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2005

  • Dollars, Dependency, and Divorce

    Open Access•Stacy J Rogers•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2004

  • Families Formed Outside of Marriage

    Open Access•J A Seltzer•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2000

  • Marriage and Earnings

    Matthias Pollmann‐schult, M Pollmann-Schult•European Sociological Review•2011

  • His or Her Divorce? The Gendered Nature of Divorce and its Determinants

    M Kalmijn•European Sociological Review•2005

  • A Life Course Trajectory Framework for Understanding the Intracohort Pattern of Wage Inequality

    Siwei Cheng•American Journal of Sociology•2014

  • Cumulative Gender Disadvantage in Contract Employment

    Isabel Fernandez‐mateo•American Journal of Sociology•2009

  • Getting a Job

    J Correll, Shelley J Correll et al.•American Journal of Sociology•2007

  • Race and the Accumulation of Human Capital across the Career

    D Tomaskovic-Devey, Donald Tomaskovic‐devey et al.•American Journal of Sociology•2005

  • The Complexity of Intersectionality

    Leslie Mccall•Signs: Journal of Women in…•2005

  • Sex Segregation, Labor Process Organization, and Gender Earnings Inequality

    Don Tomaskovic‐devey, Sheryl Skagg et al.•American Journal of Sociology•2002

  • Local Marriage Markets and the Marital Behavior of Black and White Women

    D T Lichter, Felicia B Leclere et al.•American Journal of Sociology•1991

  • The Divergence of Black and White Marriage Patterns

    Neil G Bennett, David E Bloom et al.•American Journal of Sociology•1989

  • A Theory of Marriage Timing

    Valerie Kincade Oppenheimer•American Journal of Sociology•1988

  • Sex Differences in the Entry Into Marriage

    Frances Goldscheider, Frances Kobrin Goldscheider et al.•American Journal of Sociology•1986

  • Are women's employment and fertility histories interdependent? An examination of causal order using event history analysis

    Open Access•Michelle J Budig•Social Science Research•2003

  • Are motherhood penalties and fatherhood bonuses warranted? Comparing pro-work behaviors and conditions of mothers, fathers, and non-parents

    Open Access•J A Kmec•Social Science Research•2011

  • Her money, her time

    Open Access•Gupta, Sanjiv Gupta•Social Science Research•2006

  • How many interracial marriages would there be if all groups were of equal size in all places? A new look at national estimates of interracial marriage

    Open Access•David R Harris, Hiromi Ono•Social Science Research•2005

Unique citing works39
Citations per year4,33
Citation span2017 - 2026 (10)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 39

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae