Opting Out
Individualism and Vaccine Refusal in Pockets of Socioeconomic Homogeneity
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 4522641 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Kevin Estep (0000-0001-8495-4036, Creighton University, corresponding author), Pierce Greenberg (0000-0002-5624-6646, Creighton University) |
| Year | 2020 |
| Volume | 85 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 957-991 |
| Publication date | 2020-12-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Sociological Review (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0003-1224 • E-ISSN: 1939-8271 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1177/0003122420960691 |
| OpenAlex | W3093430866 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 19 |
| References cited | 83 |
Cases of measles and other highly contagious diseases are rising in the United States. Public health experts blame the rise partly on the spatial concentration of parents declining to vaccinate their children, but researchers have given little attention to theorizing why this clustering occurs in particular communities. We argue that residential and school selection processes create "pockets of homogeneity" attracting parents inclined to opt out of vaccines. Structural features of these enclaves reduce the likelihood of harsh criticism for vaccine refusal and foster a false sense of protection from disease, making the choice to opt out seem both safe and socially acceptable. Examination of quantitative data on personal belief exemptions (PBEs) from school-based vaccination requirements in California schools and districts, as well as findings from parent interviews, provide empirical support for the theory. We discuss substantive implications for lawmakers and public health officials, as well as broader sociological contributions concerning neighborhood effects and residential sorting
Blame · Criticism · Deliberation · Individualism · Political science · Politics · Population · Public health · Socioeconomic status · Sociology · COVID-19 epidemiological studies · Demography · Law · Medicine · Psychology · Social Psychology · Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies · Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
“I trust the health care system, but I also do a little bit of research to understand more”
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Partisan Polarization of Childhood Vaccination Policies, 1995‒2020
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Political Ideology and Childhood Vaccination in Cross-National Perspective, 1995 to 2018
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Can a just transition achieve decarbonization? Explaining fossil fuel community opposition in the Canadian Oil Sands
My children will grow up more healthy than me because of the vaccinations they received
Individual Empowerment, Institutional Confidence, and Vaccination Rates in Cross-National Perspective, 1995 to 2018
Twin pandemics, intertwined (intergroup) solutions
Everyone Thinks They're Special
Black Mothers and Vaccine Refusal
We are not sheep, I believe it is my choice
Racialized Religion and Vaccine Hesitancy
Vaccine Hesitancy and the Accumulation of Distrust
It's a Matter of Institutional Trust
Collective Inattention in an Online Milk-Sharing Community
Great American City
The Politics of Personalised Medicine
Charter Schools
Gentrification
Urban Fortunes
Buying Homes, Buying Schools
Factors Associated With Refusal of Childhood Vaccines Among Parents of School-aged Children
Children Who Have Received No Vaccines
The capitalization of school quality into house values
Qualitative Analysis of Mothers' Decision-Making About Vaccines for Infants
Vaccine Refusal, Mandatory Immunization, and the Risks of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
The sacred canopy
Conflict
The Functions of Social Conflict
The Truly Disadvantaged
The New Middle Class and the Remaking of the Central City
Dangerous Pregnancies
Foundations of Multimethod Research
The Social Basis of Vaccine Questioning and Refusal
Household preferences for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in four European high-income countries
The Simultaneous Effect of Social Distance and Physical Distance on the Formation of Neighborhood Ties
Organized Racism and the Stranger
Attitudes of parents towards measles and immunisation after a measles outbreak in an anthroposophical community
Trends in Personal Belief Exemption Rates Among Alternative Private Schools
The Emergence of Spatial Clustering in Medical Vaccine Exemptions Following California Senate Bill 277, 2015–2018
Sociodemographic Predictors of Vaccination Exemptions on the Basis of Personal Belief in California
Pediatric Care Provider Density and Personal Belief Exemptions From Vaccine Requirements in California Kindergartens
Investing in Children
The geographic scale of Metropolitan racial segregation
The back-to-the-city movement
Segregation by District Boundary Line
Income Segregation Between Schools and School Districts
From Resegregation to Reintegration
Innovation in Education Markets
The rise of the Ku Klux Klan
A New Partisan Voter
Decomposing School Resegregation
Public attitudes toward child undervaccination
No Magic Bullet
Vaccine Refusal and Pharmaceutical Acquiescence
Knowing less but presuming more
Personalizing medicine
Educational Segregation, Tea Party Organizations, and Battles over Distributive Justice
Inequality in Children's Contexts
Cultural and moral boundaries in the United States
Calling the Shots
The Elementary Forms of Religious Life
School Choice, Charter Schools, and White Flight
Neoliberal Mothering and Vaccine Refusal
Assessing 'Neighborhood Effects
The Study of Boundaries in the Social Sciences
A Space for Place in Sociology
How to Conduct a Mixed Methods Study
Suburban Communities
Gentrification
Is America Fragmenting
Social Cultivation of Vaccine Refusal and Delay among Waldorf (Steiner) School Parents
Plausibility Structures, Status Threats, and the Establishment of Anti-Abortion Pregnancy Centers
Group Threat and Policy Change
Why Do Liberals Drink Lattes
Neither Ideologues nor Agnostics
Income Inequality and Income Segregation
Immigrant Enclaves
Toward a Subcultural Theory of Urbanism
The City
| Unique citing works | 19 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 4,75 |
| Citation span | 2022 - 2026 (5) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 19 |