States of Exemption
The Legal and Animal Geographies of American Zoos
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 4736064 |
|---|---|
| Authors | I Braverman (0000-0002-4352-001X, University at Buffalo School of Law, The State University of New York, 625 O'Brian Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA) |
| Year | 2011 |
| Volume | 43 |
| Issue | 7 |
| Pages | 1693-1706 |
| Publication date | 2011-07-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Environment and Planning A Economy and Space (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0308-518X • E-ISSN: 1472-3409 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1068/a4420 |
| OpenAlex | W2093450682 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 11 |
| References cited | 23 |
The paper explores the interconnections between legal and animal geographies as manifested in American zoos. On the one hand, law shapes not only the zoo's physical facilities, but also the very identity of zoo animals. On the other hand, the peculiarity of zoo animals-and of zoos as public spaces that display such animals-also translates into an anomalous state of zoo laws. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part demonstrates that, despite the numerous official laws that pertain to animals in various settings, exceptions and exemptions that apply to the zoo animal make it into an almost extralegal creature. The second part examines the laws that regulate the zoo's physical facilities, showing how-in this context too-the zoo is regulated mostly through variances and exceptions. The third part focuses on the zoo's self-regulating industry standards, arguing that they provide yet another reason for the peculiar legal state of zoos and their animals. Drawing on a set of interviews, conducted mostly with American zoo professionals, the paper explores the interstitial nature of law, space, and animals, offering a fresh perspective into, and a few interconnections between, the literatures of animal geography and law and geography
Aesthetics · Animal welfare · Archaeology · Art · Biology · Context (archaeology · Environmental ethics · Geography · Identity (music · Perspective (graphical · Political science · Sociology · State (computer science · Visual arts · Culinary Culture and Tourism · Geographies of human-animal interactions · Human-Animal Interaction Studies · Ecology · Law
The Biopolitical Imperative
Legal geography II
Legal geography I
The Posthuman City
Dancing with wolves
The biopolitics of animal being and welfare
Animal geographies III
Nonlinear liminality
An Exploration of Dog-Related Policy Through a Legal Animal Geographies Lens
Contesting captive cetaceans
Care in the contested geographies of Dolphin-Assisted Therapy
Purity and Danger
Designs on Nature
Spectacular Nature
The Spatial, the Legal and the Pragmatics of World-Making
From ‘What?’ to ‘So What?’
Animal Geographies
Looking at Zoos
Hidden in Plain View
Governing with Clean Hands
Animal Geographies
Culture and Nature at the Adelaide Zoo
Zoos
The Politics of Zoos
Mapping Posthumanism
Animal Attractions
Hybrid Geographies
Reading Zoos
Environmental issues
Looking at the Zoo
Transspecies Urban Theory
Bridging Divides
| Unique citing works | 11 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,79 |
| Citation span | 2012 - 2025 (14) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 11 |