Racial Disparities in Official Assessments of Juvenile Offenders
Attributional Stereotypes as Mediating Mechanisms
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 4943751 |
|---|---|
| Authors | George S Bridges, Sara Steen (0000-0003-0917-0543) |
| Year | 1998 |
| Volume | 63 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 554 |
| Publication date | 1998-08-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Sociological Review (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0003-1224 • E-ISSN: 1939-8271 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.2307/2657267 |
| OpenAlex | W1996567772 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 257 |
| References cited | 16 |
Despite extensive sociological research, little evidence exists on how court officials' perceptions of offenders influence their classification, assessment, and final recommendations for punishment. The authors examine the links among these factors, focusing specifically on the race of the accused. The analysis combines information from probation officers' written accounts of juvenile offenders and their crimes and court records about the offenders. They find pronounced differences in officers' attributions about the causes of crime by white versus minority youths. Further, these differences contribute significantly to differential assessments of the risk of reoffending and to sentence recommendations, even after adjusting for legally relevant case and offender characteristics. These results suggest that differential attributions about the causes of crime act as a mediating factor between race and sentencing recommendations
Biology · Criminology · Developmental psychology · Juvenile · Juvenile delinquency · Clinical Psychology · Crime Patterns and Interventions · Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis · Genetics · Psychology · Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
Forensic risk assessment and cultural diversity
The role of race in probation monitoring and responses to probation violations among juvenile offenders in two jurisdictions
Priming unconscious racial stereotypes about adolescent offenders.
Diversion
Race
Discretionary Justice
Youth Justice and Migration
Disproportionate Minority Contact
Racial and ethnic disparity in pretrial criminal processing
Does Gender Modify the Effects of Race–ethnicity on Criminal Sanctioning? Sentences for Male and Female White, Black, and Hispanic Defendants
Criminal Prosecutions
Criers, liars, and manipulators
Opening Pandora’s Box
The Cumulative Effect of Race and Ethnicity in Juvenile Court Outcomes and Why Preadjudication Detention Matters
Minority Youths and Juvenile Justice
A Vicious Cycle
Contexts of Decision Making in the Juvenile Justice System
The Individual And Joint Effects Of Race, Gender, And Family Status On Juvenile Justice Decision-Making
Skin Color and the Criminal Justice System
Racial/Ethnic Threat and Federal Sentencing
Prosecutorial Discretion and the Imposition of Mandatory Minimum Sentences
Is Preferential Treatment of Female Offenders a Thing of the Past? A Multisite Study of Gender, Race, and Imprisonment
Concentrated Disadvantage and the Incarceration of Youth
Race and the Impact of Detention on Juvenile Justice Decision Making
Remand for Plea. Bail Decisions and Plea Bargaining as Commensurate Decisions
Deservingness and Punishment in Juvenile Justice
Examining the “Gang Penalty” in the Juvenile Justice System
Assessing Variations in Juvenile Court Processing in Urban Versus Rural Courts
The War on Drugs in Juvenile Court? The Influence of Community Context on Juvenile Court Outcomes for White, Black, and Hispanic Youth
Probation Officer Assessments of Risk when the Youth Look Different
Stereotypes of criminality in the U.S. track ecology, not race
Race/Ethnicity and the Effects of Prior Case Outcomes on Current Dispositions
Does Pretrial Status Explain Racial Disparity in Sentencing Outcomes? A Decomposition Analysis
Expanding Our Understanding of Focal Concerns
Applying Critical Race Theory (CRT) and Intersectionality to Address the Needs of African American Crossover Girls
Toward a method for evaluating court actor influences on plea negotiations
The Effect of Extralegal Factors in Decision-Making About Juvenile Offenders in Chile
Persistent Paternalism
Criminogenic Risk Score Trajectories of Justice-Involved Youth
Attribution Matters
Racist Algorithms or Systemic Problems? Risk Assessments and Racial Disparities
Race, Ethnicity, and Official Perceptions in the Juvenile Justice System
Academic Achievement and the Implications for Prison Program Effectiveness and Reentry
Family Systems, Inequality, and Juvenile Justice
Juvenile Probation Officer Decision-Making in a Reforming State
Electronically Monitored Youth
Juvenile Court Outcomes for Retail Offenders
Race and Gender Differences in the Age-Sentencing Relationship
Social Capital and Its Impacts on Prison Life
Out of the Picture
Age, Race/Ethnicity, and Offense Severity
Who Should Go Home From Detention? The Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Probation Officers’ Recommendations to the Court
Predictive Bias in Juvenile Risk Assessment
Victim Injury and Its Consequences
The Impact of Concentrated Affluence and Disadvantage on the Pre-Adjudication Detention Decision
The Impact of Victimization, Mental Health Problems, and Disabilities on Juvenile Justice Processing
Legal and Extralegal Factors Determining Sentence Type and Length
Race, Ethnicity, Crime Type, and the Sentencing of Violent Felony Offenders
Who gets screened and who tests positive? Drug screening among justice-involved youth in a midwestern urban county
Justice in America
Perceptions of Female Offenders
Ethnicity Effects on Sentence Outcomes in Large Urban Courts
Reassessing and Redirecting Research on Race and Sentencing
Somebody’s going to emergency, somebody’s going to jail
Examining Mental Health Court Completion
The State as the “Ultimate Parent”
Expanding carceral geographies
Officer observations and disproportionate minority youth arrest
Ethnic Disparities in Dutch Juvenile Justice
The influence of race, gender, family, and employment status on probationer sanctioning for noncompliance
The independent and joint effects of race, crime, and social location on the dispositional decisions of juvenile girls
Characterizing the Effects of Symbolic and Racial Threat on Charge Modifications in the Juvenile Court
Racial Disparities in Juvenile Court Outcomes
Lived Experiences of Youth of Color in Secured Facilities
Is disproportionate minority contact improving? An exploratory analysis of the arrest, confinement, and transfer stages in rural and urban settings
Significant Race Differences in Factors Related to the Detention Recidivism of Youthful Offenders
Examining the Interaction of Race and Probationer Noncompliance on Sanctioning Decisions
Predicting Secure Detention Placement for African-American Juvenile Offenders
Race, police, and the pandemic
Disproportionate Minority Contact in a Latino Majority County
Disproportionate minority contact in the juvenile justice system
Criminal Labels, Racial Inequities, and the Lifelong Impact of Early Arrests on Employment
Homogeneity and Inequality
Race, Gender, and Juvenile Determinism
Examining Racial and Ethnic Disparity in Prosecutor’s Bail Requests and Downstream Decision-making
How Endogenous System Bias Can Distort Decision-Making in Criminal Justice Systems
The impact of race on recidivism perceptions and sentencing
Racial disparities in health conditions among prisoners compared with the general population
What Predicts Out-of-Home Placement in Juvenile Court Dispositions? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Less Guilty by Reason of Adolescence
Cumulative Disadvantage in the American Criminal Justice System
Incarceration Trends for Juvenile Offenders
The Predictive Performance of Risk Assessment in Real Life
You Know Baseball? 3 Strikes”
Faculty attitudes toward college students with criminal records
Examining factors influencing sentencing decisions in school shootings
Juvenile Courts and Competency to Stand Trial
Neighborhood context and racial/ethnic disparities in judicial processing
Risk Assessment Tools and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in the Juvenile Justice System
Rap music, race, and perceptions of crime
Discipline and Punish
Toward a Theory of Minority Group Relations
The psychology of interpersonal relations.
Inequality, Crime, and Social Control
Judging Delinquents
The Social Contexts of Criminal Sentencing
On the Racial Disproportionality of United States' Prison Populations
Crime, Shame and Reintegration
Malign Neglect Race, Crime, And Punishment In America
The Social Organization of Juvenile Justice
Defendant Attributes in Plea Bargaining
Criminal Justice Act
Causal ascriptions and achievement behavior
Accounting for Pre-Sentencing Recommendations
Accounts, Attitudes, and Solutions
Normal Crimes
| Unique citing works | 257 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 9,52 |
| Citation span | 1999 - 2026 (28) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 255 |