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Social Control, Urban Planning and Ethno-class Relations

Mizrahi Jews in Israel's 'Development Towns

Bibliographic Data

ID4965130
AuthorsOren Yiftachel (0000-0002-0138-6596, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, corresponding author)
Year2000
Volume24
Issue2
Pages418-438
Publication date2000-06-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternational Journal of Urban and Regional Research (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0309-1317 • E-ISSN: 1468-2427
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/1468-2427.00255
OpenAlexW1999242023
LanguageEN
Citations received54
References cited21

Urban planning is usually portrayed as a benign and progressive societal force. This interpretation is critically examined through an evaluation of Israel's development town project. According to the 'best' planning concepts available during the 1950s, Israel built 28 new towns, mainly on the country's peripheral 'frontiers'. New immigrants, chiefly low-income Mizrahi Jews, were housed in the towns, which provided a cornerstone of Israel's national project of 'Judaising' the country. The evidence shows that the planning of the towns has had many regressive consequences: it reinforced and reproduced patterns of deprivation and inequality through the creation of segregated and low-status Mizrahi ethnic spaces. In the longer term, this spawned continuing grievances and protest, fluctuating political orientation and the emergence of a low-status Mizrahi ethno-class. The case in hand casts doubt over the notion of planning solely as a progressive force, and highlights its potential to act as an instrument of control and domination in the hands of societal elites. In Israel, promotion of the 'national imperative' of settling the frontiers, the advent of 'modern urban planning', and later 'corrective' policies to close the centre-periphery gap, all worked to obscure the regressive stratifying processes caused by the development town project.La planification urbaine est généralement vue comme une force sociale bégnine et progressive. Cette interprétation est examinée de facon critique avec une évaluation du projet de développement de la ville en Israël. Suivant les 'meilleurs' concepts de planification des années cinquante, Israël a construit 28 villes nouvelles, principalement sur les 'frontières' périphériques du pays. Les nouveaux immigrants, avant tout des juifs Mizrahi qui avaient des revenus bas, furent logés dans les villes, qui étaient au centre du projet national israélien de rendre le pays plus judaïque. L'évidence montre que la planification des villes a eu de nombreuses conséquences régressives: elle a renforcé et reproduit les modèles de privation et d'inégalité par la création d'espaces ethniques Mizrahi de bas standing et isolés. À long terme, cela a donné lieu à des protestations et des doléances continuelles, à une orientation politique changeante et à la naissance d'une ethno-classe Mizrahi de statut peu élevé. Ce cas d'étude met en doute le fait que la notion de planification soit uniquement une force progressive, et illumine le fait qu'elle peut servir d'instrument de contröle et de domination pour les élites sociales. En Israël, la promotion de 'l'impératif national' de stabilisation des frontières, l'arrivée de la 'planification moderne urbaine' et la récente politique 'corrective' pour réduire la distance entre le centre et la périphérie, ont toutes contribuéà obscurcir les processus régressifs de stratification dus au projet de développement des villes

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Unique citing works54
Citations per year2,25
Citation span2002 - 2026 (25)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 51

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