Anger, Exposure to Violence, and Intragroup Conflict

A “Lab in the Field” Experiment in Southern Israel

Bibliographic Data

ID6337293
AuthorsThomas Zeitzoff (0000-0003-4889-7198, New York University, corresponding author)
Year2014
Volume35
Issue3
Pages309-335
Publication date2014-06-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenuePolitical Psychology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0162-895X • E-ISSN: 1467-9221
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/pops.12065
OpenAlexW1923748701
LanguageEN
Citations received47
References cited54

I examine how anger stemming from violence in the Israel‐Palestine conflict influences intragroup retaliation. In July 2010 I conducted a series of experiments in two cities in the Southern District of Israel affected to varying degrees (high and low) by rocket fire from the Gaza Strip. For each experiment, subjects were partnered anonymously with a member of their community. They were then exposed to one of two emotional manipulations: one that induced anger or one that did not. Finally, each subject was given an opportunity to keep an endowment or allocate it towards destroying a portion, or all, of their partner's income (“pay to punish”) in retaliation for their partner having taken money from them previously. This decision to “pay to punish” was designed to closely mimic the costly nature of conflict. The findings suggest that anger has a conditional effect on decisions to pay to punish: in Sderot (most affected by rocket fire), anger decreases punishment, while in Ofakim (less affected), it increases punishment. Additionally, higher exposure to violence made subjects more likely to engage in negative reciprocity

Anger · Endowment · Political science · Punishment (psychology · Reciprocity (cultural anthropology · Culture, Economy, and Development Studies · Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies · Law · Psychology · Social Psychology · Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence

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