Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Psychological motives and political orientation--The left, the right, and the rigid

Comment on Jost et al. (2003)

Bibliographic Data

ID5140959
AuthorsJeff Greenberg (0000-0002-2206-0771, University of Arizona), Eva Jonas (0000-0003-1016-3076, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München)
Year2003
Volume129
Issue3
Pages376-382
Publication date2003-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenuePsychological Bulletin (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0033-2909 • E-ISSN: 1939-1455
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.376
PMID12784935
OpenAlexW1964916112
LanguageEN
Citations received148
References cited38

Presenting an impressive model based on a large body of evidence, J. T. Jost, J. Glaser, A.W. Kruglanski, and F. J. Sulloway (2003) proposed that political conservatism uniquely serves epistemic, existential, and ideological needs driven by fears and uncertainties. The authors offer an alternative view based on conceptual considerations, historical events, features of communist ideology and practice, and additional social science research not reviewed by Jost et al. (2003). First, the authors take issue with Jost et al.'s (2003) description of the two core components of political conservatism. Second, they propose that the motives in the model are equally well served by rigid adherence to any extreme ideology regardless of whether it is right wing or left wing

Biology and political orientation · Communism · Conservatism · Epistemology · Existentialism · Ideology · Left and right · Orientation (vector space) · Political science · Politics · Sociology · Cultural Differences and Values · Law · Mathematics · Optimism, Hope, and Well-being · Philosophy · Psychology · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology

  • Muslims as Terrorists

    Open Access•Tamsila Naeem•International Journal of Islamic…•2022

  • The Role of Actual Democracy in the Link between National Identity and Support for Democracy

    Open Access•Daniel Gabrielsson•Comparative Sociology•2021

  • Social identity processes predicting post‐election 2020 ideological extremism

    Open Access•An Le, Joshua Brown et al.•Analyses of Social Issues and…•2022

  • When the Political Right “Feels Right”, or How the Need for Cognitive Closure and Threat‐Related Uncertainty Leads Liberals to the Conservative Shift

    Open Access•Conrad Baldner, Flavia Albarello et al.•Journal of Community & Applied…•2025

  • How Radical Environmental Sabotage Impacts US Elections

    Benjamin Farrer, Graig R Klein•Terrorism and Political Violence•2022

  • Vigencia del continuo ideológico izquierda/derecha durante las elecciones presidenciales de 2011 en Lima - Perú

    Open Access•Jan Marc Rottenbacher de Rojas, Jan Marc Rottenbacher•Revista de Psicología•2012

  • Democracia vs neoliberalismo económico. Condicionantes ideológicos de las preferencias políticas y económicas en la ciudad de Lima

    Open Access•Jan Marc Rottenbacher de Rojas, Mathias Schmitz•Revista Mexicana de Ciencias…•2012

  • Fear and Loathing of Wall Street

    Open Access•Michael Edem Fiagbenu, Thomas Kessler•Political Psychology•2022

  • Change by (almost) all means

    Open Access•Kevin Winter, Lotte Pummerer et al.•European Journal of Social…•2023

  • Who's Interested in Global Warming

    Open Access•Mark Fenton-O’creevy, A Furnham•Scandinavian Journal of Psychology•2025

  • Extreme politieke oriëntaties in Europa - Verklaringen op micro- en macroniveau

    M Visser, Eva Jaspers et al.•Mens & Maatschappij•2012

  • Political psycholinguistics

    Open Access•Joanna Sterling, John T Jost et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2020

  • Partisan ideological attitudes

    Yoav Ganzach, Yaacov Schul•Journal of Personality and Social…•2021

  • Left or right? Sources of political orientation

    Christian Kandler, Wiebke Bleidorn et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2012

  • Political Ideology and Maximization

    Open Access•Hyerin Han, Hyun Euh•Social Psychological and…•2026

  • Personalizing Politics

    Gian Vittorio Caprara, Philip G Zimbardo•American Psychologist•2004

  • The Innate Mind, Volume 3

    Stephen Stich, Stephen G W Stich et al.•The Innate Mind•2008

  • Genetics of Personality

    Open Access•Susan C South, Ted Reichborn‐Kjennerud et al.•Handbook of Psychology, Second…•2012

  • Attitudes

    Open Access•Mahzarin R Banaji, Larisa Heiphetz•Handbook of Social Psychology•2015

  • Attitudes in Social Behavior

    Open Access•Gregory R Maio, James M Olson et al.•Handbook of Psychology, Second…•2012

  • Authoritarianism

    Open Access•Markus Kemmelmeier•International Encyclopedia of the…•2015

  • Morality and Mind-Body Connections

    Gabriel Ignatow•Handbook of the sociology of…•2010

  • Political Ideologies and Political Parties in America

    Open Access•Hubert Noël, Hans Noel•Political Ideologies and…•2014

  • Why Men (and Women) Do and Don’t Rebel

    Open Access•John T Jost, Vagelis Chaikalis-Petritsis et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2012

  • “A Liberal Is Someone Who Has Not Been Mugged”

    J D Unnever, Francis T Cullen et al.•Justice Quarterly•2007

  • Boosting Belligerence

    Open Access•Julie Van De Vyver, Diane M Houston et al.•Psychological Science•2016

  • Feeling Superior Is a Bipartisan Issue

    Open Access•Kaitlin Toner, Mark R Leary et al.•Psychological Science•2013

  • Personality and the Prediction of Consequential Outcomes

    Daniel J Ozer, Veronica Benet-Martinez•Annual Review of Psychology•2006

  • Fear Among the Extremes

    Open Access•Jan-Willem Van Prooijen, André Krouwel et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2015

  • The Politics of Fear

    John T Jost, Chadly Stern et al.•Social Cognition•2017

  • Are Needs to Manage Uncertainty and Threat Associated With Political Conservatism or Ideological Extremity?

    Open Access•John T Jost, Jaime L Napier et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2007

  • Psychological Features of Extreme Political Ideologies

    Open Access•Jan-Willem Van Prooijen, André Krouwel et al.•Current Directions in Psychological…•2019

  • Conservative Shift Among High-Exposure Survivors of the September 11th Terrorist Attacks

    George A Bonanno, John T Jost•Basic and Applied Social Psychology•2006

  • Not All Ideologies are Created Equal

    Erin P Hennes, H Hannah Nam et al.•Social Cognition•2012

  • The Moral Stereotypes of Liberals and Conservatives

    Open Access•J Graham, Brian A Nosek et al.•PLoS ONE•2012

  • The Moral Mind

    Jonathan Haidt, Craig Joseph•The Innate Mind•2008

  • Political Ideology

    John T Jost, Christopher M Federico et al.•Annual Review of Psychology•2009

  • Pathological fixation on shared beliefs

    Open Access•Kolbrun Kristinsdottir, Mark Freestone et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2025

  • Ideological Rigidity and Political Conservatism in Relation to Death Anxiety and Reactions to Those With Different Beliefs

    Open Access•Jonathan F Bassett, Emily Ineson et al.•Psychological Reports•2024

  • Examining spread of emotional political content among Democratic and Republican candidates during the 2018 US mid-term elections

    Open Access•Meng-Jie Wang, Kumar Yogeeswaran et al.•Humanities and Social Sciences…•2021

  • Narcissism and Political Left-Right Orientation in View of Basic Human Values

    Open Access•Fatma Ülkü Selçuk, Nil Demet Güngör•Changing Societies and…•2022

  • Exploring Meta-Reasoning Propositional Confidence in Conspiratorial Beliefs and Socio-Cognitive Polarization

    Open Access•Carola Salvi, Marta K Mielicki et al.•Open MIND•2025

  • Development a Measurement of Attitudes about Ideal Government

    Open Access•Irina Sergeevna Prusova•Social Psychology and Society•2021

  • Preliminary Exploration of Personality, Values, and Political Orientation

    Open Access•Vilja Robertsson, Timo Lajunen et al.•SAGE Open•2026

  • A Psychology of Ideology

    Open Access•Leor Zmigrod•Perspectives on Psychological…•2022

  • The core of division

    Open Access•Jason M Miller, Mark J Landau•Analyses of Social Issues and…•2025

  • Does social rigidity predict cognitive rigidity? Profiles of socio-cognitive polarization

    Open Access•Carola Salvi, Paola Iannello et al.•Psychological Research•2023

  • Existential Threat Fuels Worldview Defense, but not after Priming Autonomy Orientation

    Kenneth E Vail, Joseph P Conti et al.•Basic and Applied Social Psychology•2020

  • Taking Stock and Looking Forward to the Future of Pathogen Politics in Light of New Insights and Recommendations

    Open Access•Michael Edem Fiagbenu•Personality and Social Psychology…•2025

  • Rigidity-of-the-Right and Ideological Extremism in Belief Superiority

    Open Access•Whinda Yustisia, Victor Ottati et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2026

  • Overclaiming Knowledge Predicts Anti-establishment Voting

    Open Access•Jan-Willem Van Prooijen, André Krouwel et al.•Social Psychological and…•2020

  • Ideological Responses to the EU Refugee Crisis

    Open Access•Jan-Willem Van Prooijen, André Krouwel et al.•Social Psychological and…•2018

  • Extreme Political Beliefs Predict Dogmatic Intolerance

    Open Access•Jan-Willem Van Prooijen, André Krouwel et al.•Social Psychological and…•2017

  • An Ideological House of Mirrors

    Open Access•Aaron M Scherer, Paul D Windschitl et al.•Social Psychological and…•2015

  • Political Ideology and Attitudinal Ambivalence

    Open Access•Axel M Burger•Social Psychological and…•2025

  • Threat, voting and candidate support. The impact of mortality salience

    Open Access•Hanna Bäck, Royce Carroll et al.•Frontiers in Political Science•2023

  • How critical are Germans of democracy? The pattern and origins of constitutional support in Germany

    Ross Campbell•Journal of Contemporary Central…•2020

  • Convincing conservatives

    Open Access•Ash Gillis, Michael P Vandenbergh et al.•Energy Research & Social Science•2021

  • The changing association between political ideology and closed-mindedness

    Open Access•Jesse Acosta, Markus Kemmelmeier•Journal of Social and Political…•2022

  • Testing cognitive and interpersonal asymmetry vs. symmetry among voters in the 2020 Presidential primaries

    Open Access•Jake Womick, Laura A King•Journal of Social and Political…•2021

  • A Complex Systems Approach to the Study of Ideology

    Open Access•Tobias Schröder, Thomas Homer‐dixon et al.•Journal of Social and Political…•2013

  • Social Cognition and Democracy

    Open Access•László Kelemen, Zsolt Péter Szabó et al.•Journal of Social and Political…•2014

  • Right-Wing Leftists, Left-Wing Rightists, and Traditionalist Liberals

    Open Access•Martin Konstantinov•Social Sciences•2023

  • Mass polarisation

    Beatriz Afonso, Catarina Rosa et al.•Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism…•2024

  • Toward integration

    Open Access•Anna Knorr, Malgorzata Kossowska•Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism…•2025

  • A gender-based pandemic? Covid-19 and attitudes towards gender and relief policies in South Korea

    Hannah June Kim, Phoebe W Moon•Journal of Asian Public Policy•2025

  • Collective Reactions to Threat

    Open Access•Immo Fritsche, Eva Jonas et al.•Social Issues and Policy Review•2011

  • Cultural Conservatism

    Olivier Morin•Journal of Cognition and Culture•2022

  • The Etiology of Public Support for the Designated Hitter Rule

    Christopher Zorn, Jeff Gill•Quarterly Journal of Political…•2007

  • Aversion to far-left parties among Europeans voting abroad

    Open Access•Anca Turcu, R Urbatsch•Comparative European Politics•2020

  • Ontological insecurity’ and ‘terror management’

    Open Access•Fenna van Marle, Shadd Maruna•Punishment & Society•2009

  • Persistent beliefs

    Open Access•Maria V Zwicker, Jan-Willem Van Prooijen et al.•Group Processes & Intergroup…•2020

  • Gender-Ideology Trouble? Ideology, Gender, and Generation as Factors in LGB+ Self-identification among Gen Z and Millennials in Catalonia

    Open Access•Joel Cantó, María Rodó-De-Zárate•Sexuality & Culture•2024

  • Correlates of readiness for interethnic relations of Israeli Jews and Arabs

    Noach Milgram, Marianna Geisis et al.•Peace and Conflict Journal of…•2008

  • Further evidence that system justification decreases among extreme conservatives and the role of national populism

    Open Access•Luca Caricati, Francesca Rossi•Journal of Community & Applied…•2024

  • What makes affirmative action‐based hiring decisions seem (un)fair? A test of an ideological explanation for fairness judgments

    Open Access•Jun Gu, Brent Mcferran et al.•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2014

  • Political extremism and distrust

    Open Access•Yordan Kutiyski, André Krouwel et al.•The Social Science Journal•2019

  • (I don’t know why) I go to extremes

    Brittany Shaughnessy, Eliana Dubosar et al.•The Social Science Journal•2024

  • Self-Control, Political Ideology, and Misbehavior

    Charles R Tittle, Michael R Welch et al.•Sociological Spectrum•2007

  • Attitude Change in Competitive Framing Environments? Open-/Closed-Mindedness, Framing Effects, and Climate Change

    Open Access•Erik C Nisbet, P Sol Hart et al.•Journal of Communication•2013

  • A qualitative study of system justification among Italian LGB activists

    Chiara Bonetti, Sara Bassi et al.•Psychology and Sexuality•2025

  • Does extreme political ideology predict conspiracy beliefs, economic evaluations and political trust? Evidence from Sweden

    Open Access•André Krouwel, Yordan Kutiyski et al.•Journal of Social and Political…•2017

  • A Causal Role for Negative Affect

    Geoffrey D Munro, Jessica A Stansbury et al.•Self and Identity•2010

  • Mapping Fundamentalisms

    Open Access•Sara Savage, Jose Liht et al.•Archive for the Psychology of…•2008

  • Adorno and the authoritarian personality

    Open Access•Jochen Fahrenberg, John M Steiner•KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für…•2004

  • The Relationship between Political Ideology and the Pursuit of Staying Forever Young

    Open Access•Ga‐Eun Oh•Journal of Population Ageing•2020

  • Political Extremism Predicts Belief in Conspiracy Theories

    Open Access•Jan-Willem Van Prooijen, André Krouwel et al.•Social Psychological and…•2015

  • Ideology

    Open Access•John T Jost, Brian A Nosek et al.•Perspectives on Psychological…•2008

  • Ideological Asymmetries and the Essence of Political Psychology

    Open Access•John T Jost•Political Psychology•2017

  • Political ideology as motivated social cognition

    Open Access•John T Jost, David M Amodio•Motivation and Emotion•2011

  • Religious orientation and the Protestant Work Ethic

    Harold B Jones, A Furnham et al.•Mental Health Religion & Culture•2010

  • Does Ideology Transcend Culture? A Preliminary Examination in Romania

    Open Access•Stephen W Krau, Stephen Krauss•Journal of Personality•2006

  • Structured Terror

    Open Access•Jacob Juhl, Clay Routledge•Journal of Personality•2010

  • Why Should We Care What Extremists Think? The Contribution of Emic Perspectives to Understanding the “right-wing extremist” Mind-Set

    Open Access•H Pilkington•Journal of Contemporary Ethnography•2022

  • Identifying “types” of ideologies and intergroup biases

    Douglas Osborne, C G Sibley•European Review of Social…•2017

  • Convergence and Divergence in the Study of Ideology

    Open Access•Jonathan Leader Maynard, Matto Mildenberger•British Journal of Political…•2018

  • Polarization and ideology

    Open Access•Julian Borba, Ednaldo Ribeiro et al.•Revista de Sociologia e Política•2024

  • Altruism at the ballots

    Open Access•Ingo Zettler, Benjamin E Hilbig et al.•Journal of Research in Personality•2011

  • What if there were no God? Politically conservative and liberal Christians imagine their lives without faith

    Open Access•Dan P Mcadams, Michelle Albaugh•Journal of Research in Personality•2008

  • Terrorism’s effects on social capital in European countries

    Open Access•Paschalis Arvanitidis, Athina Economou et al.•Public Choice•2016

  • The psychology of legitimacy

    John T Jost•The psychology of legitimacy•2001

  • Conservatism

    Open Access•J Z Muller•International Encyclopedia of the…•2015

  • Advances In Experimental Social Psychology

    Bertram Gawronski•Advances in Experimental Social…•2022

  • A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance

    Leon Festinger•A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance•1957

  • A Terror Management Theory of Social Behavior

    Sheldon Solomon, Jeff Greenberg et al.•Advances in Experimental Social…•1991

  • Lay epistemo-logic—process and contents

    Arie W Kruglanski•Psychological Review•1980

  • Toward a Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model of Social Behavior

    Abraham Tesser•Advances in Experimental Social…•1988

  • Toward an Integration of Cognitive and Motivational Perspectives on Social Inference

    Tom Pyszczynski, Jeff Greenberg•Advances in Experimental Social…•1987

  • A Newer Look

    David Dunning•Psychological Inquiry•1999

  • The psychology of interpersonal relations.

    Fritz Heider•1958

  • Conservatives' Approach to Work

    Open Access•Doris Fay, Michael Frese•Journal of Applied Social…•2000

  • A dual-process cognitive-motivational theory of ideology and prejudice

    John Duckitt•Advances in Experimental Social…•2001

  • Le livre noir du communisme

    Stéphane Courtois, Remi Kauffer•Hắc thư về chủ nghĩa cộng sản,…•1997

  • Attitude Structure and Function

    Anthony R Pratkanis, Steven J Breckler et al.•Attitude Structure and Function•2014

  • The Perils of Protest

    Teresa Wright•The Perils of Protest•2017

  • A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance

    Leon Festinger, Camille Morvan et al.•A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance•2017

  • Sociopolitical diversity in psychology

    Richard E Redding•American Psychologist•2001

  • Grappling with diverse conceptions of diversity

    Richard E Redding•American Psychologist•2002

  • Sociopolitical diversity in psychology

    Richard E Redding•American Psychologist•2001

  • Authoritarianism, Perspectives on the Environment, and Work Values Among Social Science Students in Former Socialist and Western Societies

    Open Access•Knud S Larsen, David H Groberg et al.•Social Behavior and Personality…•1993

  • Communism as Religion

    Sam Mcfarland•International Journal for the…•1998

  • The totalitarian ego

    Anthony G Greenwald•American Psychologist•1980

  • The Functional Approach to the Study of Attitudes

    Daniel Katz•Public Opinion Quarterly•1960

  • Cognitive and Rhetorical Styles of Traditionalist and Reformist Soviet Politicians

    Philip E Tetlock, Richard Boettger•Political Psychology•1989

  • The Gentle Revolution

    Reinhart Schonsee, Gerda Lederer•Political Psychology•1991

  • Derogation and distancing as terror management strategies

    Mark Dechesne, Jacques Janssen et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2000

  • Authoritarianism in the former Soviet Union

    Sam Mcfarland, Sam G Mcfarland et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1992

  • The case for motivated reasoning

    Ziva Kunda•Psychological Bulletin•1990

  • Political conservatism as motivated social cognition

    John T Jost, Jack Glaser et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2003

Unique citing works148
Citations per year6,43
Citation span2003 - 2026 (24)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 133

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae