Factors associated with anemia and vitamin A deficiency in Brazilian children under 5 years old

Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (Enani-2019)

Bibliographic Data

ID5166550
AuthorsInês Rugani Ribeiro De Castro (0000-0002-7479-4400, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro), Paula Normando (0000-0002-6443-7733, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), David Rodrigues Farias (0000-0003-0278-8375, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), Talita Lelis Berti (0000-0002-2774-7126, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), Raquel Schincaglia (0000-0002-8450-6775, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), Nadya Helena Alves-Santos (0000-0002-3964-6787, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), Neilane Bertoni Dos Reis (0000-0002-2539-9965, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Brasil), Elisa Maria De Aquino Lacerda (0000-0002-1830-4278, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), Luiz Antonio Dos Anjos (0000-0002-5257-6912, Universidade Federal Fluminense), Cristiano Siqueira Boccolini (0000-0002-4804-5641, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz), Marta Citelli (0000-0003-1380-3729, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro), Flávia Fioruci Bezerra (0000-0002-6594-4323, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro), Lucia Fatima Campos Pedrosa (0000-0002-5436-5115, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte), Alceu Afonso Jordão Junior (0000-0003-1288-0802, Universidade de São Paulo), Alceu Afonso Jordão (Universidade de São Paulo), Pedro I C Lira (0000-0002-1534-1620, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco), Gilberto Kac (0000-0001-8603-9077, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), Letícia Barroso Vertulli Carneiro (0000-0003-0832-2293), Pedro Gomes Andrade (0000-0002-0098-6047)
Year2023
Volume39
Issuesuppl 2
Pagese00194922-e00194922
Publication date2023-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueCadernos de Saude Publica (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0102-311X • E-ISSN: 1678-4464
PublisherFapUNIFESP (SciELO) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1590/0102-311xen194922
PMID37792880
OpenAlexW4387028739
SCIELO_PIDS0102-311X2023001405002
LanguageEN
Citations received8
References cited24

Factors associated with anemia and vitamin A deficiency were investigated in 7,716 children 6-59 months of age studied in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019). We adopted a hierarchical approach based on a United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) theoretical model with three levels, stratifying by age (6-23; 24-59 months). Prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were estimated. Enabling determinants: a higher prevalence of anemia was observed in children 6-23 months whose mothers had ≤ 7 years of schooling (PR = 1.92; 95%CI: 1.10; 3.34), < 20 years old (PR = 2.47; 95%CI: 1.34; 4.56) or 20-30 years old (PR = 1.95; 95%CI: 1.11; 3.44), mixed-race (PR = 1.57; 95%CI: 1.06; 2.23); and in children 24-59 months in the North Region (PR = 3.11; 95%CI: 1.58; 6.13). A higher prevalence for vitamin A deficiency was observed in children 6-23 months from Central-West (PR = 2.32; 95%CI: 1.33; 4.05), and in children 24-59 months living in the North (PR = 1.96; 95%CI: 1.16; 3.30), South (PR = 3.07; 95%CI: 1.89; 5.01), and Central-West (PR = 1.91; 95%CI: 1.12; 3.25) and whose mothers were 20-34 years (PR = 1.62; 95%CI: 1.11; 2.35). Underlying determinants: the presence of more than one child < 5 years old in the household was associated with a higher prevalence of anemia (PR = 1.61; 95%CI: 1.15; 2.25) and vitamin A deficiency (PR = 1.82; 95%CI: 1.09; 3.05) in children 6-23 months. Immediate determinants: consumption of 1-2 groups of ultra-processed foods in children 24-59 months (PR = 0.44; 95%CI: 0.25; 0.81) and lack of breastfeeding in the day before in children 6-23 months (PR = 0.56; 95%CI: 0.36; 0.95) were associated with lower prevalence of anemia and vitamin A deficiency. Public policies focused on geographically and socially vulnerable groups are needed to promote equity

Anemia · Confidence interval · Vitamin D and neurology · vitamin D deficiency · Child Nutrition and Water Access · Demography · Indigenous Health and Education · Internal Medicine · Iron Metabolism and Disorders · Medicine · Pediatrics