Influência de lagos artificiais no clima local e no clima urbano

In the last decades it has been subject of studies the changes urban environment and the climate variability that occur from interventions, especially as regards the formation of artificial lakes for hydroelectric plants.The anthropogenic transformation of a given physical space can cause variations in climatic attributes such as relative humidity and air temperature, among others.The objective of this research was to investigate the possible changes in local weather and climate in the city of Presidente Epitácio, located in the extreme west of São Paulo, due to the formation of an artificial lake to build the hydroelectric plant "Engenheiro Sérgio Motta" (Porto Primavera), using records of air temperature and relative humidity in a transect from the shore through the urban area to the surrounding rural environment, analyzing the temporal, spatial and hourly variables at different times of year (spring, summer, autumn and winter), as well as analysis of the deviations of air temperature and relative humidity between stations located near the lake in the intra-urban and rural areas.The study area is the city of Presidente Epitácio (SP) and the artificial lake was formed by damming the areas of the Paraná river on the border between the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul.The region has tropical climate with wet summer and dry winter, recording maximum temperatures of 40°C and minimum 10°C in the rainy months from November to M arch with average annual rainfall of 1,200mm to 1,400mm and relative humidity of about 80%.For data collection conducted between September 2008 and September 2009, with thirty days in each season (spring, summer, autumn and winter), digital sensors for air temperature and relative humidity of the StowAway brand were used and installed in seven stations.The variation of air temperature between the positions of intra-urban area, of near de lake area and of the rural area it was verified that at times of increased energy production.During daytime differences of amplitudes decrease and increase at night due to the volume of energy produced during the day and dissipation of energy at night.Regarding the variation of relative humidity between the positions of intra-urban area, of near the lake and the rural area it was found that the amplitudes are larger during the night, being low during daytime.The the amplitudes are smaller hygrometric in the influence area of the lake and the rural area than in intra-urban area.We conclude that, although no significant values among the sites, the presence of the lake does not contribute to the increase of air temperature and relative humidity, but contributes to a better thermal and hygrometric balance

Air temperature · Climate change · Geography · Meteorology · Physical geography · Relative humidity · Wind speed · Environmental Science · Geography and Environmental Studies · Land Use and Ecosystem Services · Urban Heat Island Mitigation · Geology · Oceanography

• Boundary Layer Climates

  Open Access•John E Oliver, T R Oke•Geographical Review•1979

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