Understanding behavior in the Milgram obedience experiment
The role of personality, situations, and their interactions
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6198692 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Thomas Bla, Thomas Blass (University of Maryland, Baltimore County, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1991 |
| Volume | 60 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 398-413 |
| Publication date | 1991-03-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037/0022-3514.60.3.398 |
| OpenAlex | W2000386450 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 49 |
| References cited | 70 |
Among the far-reaching implications that have been drawn from Milgram's obedience research is that situations powerfully override personal dispositions as determinants of social behavior. A focused review of the relevant research on the Milgram paradigm reveals that the evidence on situational determinants of obedience is less clear than is generally recognized; contrary to the commonly held view, personality measures can predict obedience; another kind of dispositional variable, enduring beliefs, is also implicated in the obedience process and approaches suggested by interactionist perspectives can provide some integration of the literature. The article concludes with a discussion of the broader inferences about obedience and social behavior called for by this review and the enduring significance of Milgram's obedience research
Milgram experiment · Obedience · Personality · Emotions and Moral Behavior · Psychology · Psychology of Social Influence · Social Psychology · Stalking, Cyberstalking, and Harassment
Psychological reactions to incidents of political mass killing
The Good-Subject Effect
Minds on Stage
Aggression in the Sports World
Authority Knows No Gender – Gender Effects in Exerting Obedience in Milgram’s Experiment
Strategies for (non) Resistance in Narratives about Facing Problems
Malleable character
Extension of lessons from business ethics education to business situations
You and I are alike, so I will hold back – The effect of directed empathy on the behavior of participants of Stanley Milgram's obedience paradigm
Subcomponents of Right-Wing Authoritarianism Differentially Predict Attitudes Toward Obeying Authorities
Would You Deliver an Electric Shock in 2015? Obedience in the Experimental Paradigm Developed by Stanley Milgram in the 50 Years Following the Original Studies
Ethical Followership
Follower Propensity to Commit Crimes of Obedience
In the mood for obedience
Silencing objections
Regulators as ‘agents’
Socrates, Skinner, and Aristotle
Welcome to the Real World
The Co-Existence of Life and Death for the Perioperative Nurse
A neurocognitive model of ideological thinking
Modern Institutions, Phenomenal Dissociations, and Destructiveness Toward Humans and the Environment
Simple Heuristics in a Social World
Obstacles to Ethical Decision-Making
Arguing, Obeying and Defying
The Prevention of Torture
Replicating Milgram
Ethical Blindness
Personality Predicts Obedience in a M ilgram Paradigm
Authority Defied
Retracted
Reopening the study of extreme social behaviors
Releasing the Beast
Obedience in Retrospect
When is “Obedience” Obedience? Conceptual and Historical Commentary
Perspectives on Obedience to Authority
Crimes of Obedience and Conformity in the Workplace
Using Person‐Perception Vignette Methodologies to Uncover the Symbolic Meanings of Teacher Behaviors in the Milgram Paradigm
The Role of Interaction Sequences and the Timing of Resistance in Shaping Obedience and Defiance to Authority
Obedience in Modern Society
We will hunt them down
The ideologically objectionable premise model
Violence Against Female Partners
Deliberative participation and personality
Does social dominance generate prejudice? Integrating individual and contextual determinants of intergroup cognitions
Dispelling the illusion of invulnerability
When authorities' commands backfire
Vindicating Virtue
Desobediencia en situaciones extremas
The 'Attitudinal Fallacy' Is a Fallacy
The individual in a social world
Crimes of Obedience
Handbook of Social Psychology
On predicting some of the people some of the time
Toward a cognitive social learning reconceptualization of personality.
Situationism in psychology
Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.
A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology.
Obedience to authority
Subject Reaction
The Intuitive Psychologist And His Shortcomings
Attitudes, Traits, and Actions
The attribution of blame
Activism and Powerful Others
The person versus the situation‐a pseudo issue? A response to Alker 1
Deception and role playing
The stability of behavior
Role-enactment and deception methodologies? Alternative paradigms
Some reasons for the apparent inconsistency of personality
Effects of Social Intelligence on the Milgram Paradigm
Obedience
Traits, tests, and personality research
Issues in the study of obedience
Aspects of Identity and Behavioral Preference
Social Psychology and Social Relevance
The Rise of Experimentation in American Psychology
Emerging Strategies in Social Psychological Research
Self-consciousness, self-report of aggressiveness, and aggression
Threatened retaliation from the victim as an inhibitor of physical aggression
Administrative Obedience
Role‐playing as an experimental strategy in social psychology
Experimentation with Human Beings
The Potential for Violence in Germany
Choice and avoidance of everyday situations and affect congruence
Personal religious orientation and prejudice
Personality research
Personality type, reports of violence, and aggressive behavior
Preference for situations involving effort, time pressure, and feedback in relation to Type A behavior, locus of control, and test anxiety
Social psychology and personality
Some Conditions of Obedience and Disobedience to Authority
Experimental social psychology
Exposure to an aggressive model and apparent probability of retaliation from the victim as determinants of adult aggressive behavior
On the ethics of psychological research
Physical aggression as a function of objective self-awareness and attitudes toward punishment
Instead of Deception
Generalized expectancies for interpersonal trust
The price of obedience and the price of knowledge
Continuity and change in personality
Measuring the Religious Variable
Stanley Milgram and the Obedience Experiment
Compliant Behavior
Effects of the behavior and the perceived arousal of a model on instrumental aggression
Specifying when personality traits can and cannot predict behavior
Is the subject's personality or the experimental situation a better predictor of a subject's willingness to administer shock to a victim
Role playing
Involvement in role-playing simulations
Level of destructive obedience as a function of transmitter and executant roles in the Milgram obedience paradigm
A behavioral study of obedience in children
Choosing social situations
Liberating effects of group pressure
Behavior as a function of the situation
Self-monitoring of expressive behavior
Mischel and the concept of personality
Human use of human subjects
Group pressure and action against a person
Behavioral Study of obedience
The relationship of hostility to authoritarianism
Religious Belief as a Factor in Obedience to Destructive Commands
Conformity under Deceptive and Non-Deceptive Techniques
| Unique citing works | 49 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1,58 |
| Citation span | 1995 - 2026 (32) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 47 |