Depression and causal attributions for success and failure
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6202957 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Nicholas A Kuiper (University of Calgary, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1978 |
| Volume | 36 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 236-246 |
| Publication date | 1978-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037//0022-3514.36.3.236 |
| PMID | 650382 |
| OpenAlex | W4238252059 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 47 |
| References cited | 16 |
The present study investigated the effects of depression on causal attributions for success and failure. Specifically, female university students were separated into depressed and nondepressed groups on the basis of Costello--Comrey Depression Scale scores, and then received either 20%, 55%, or 80% reinforcement on a word association task. Following the task, attributions were made for outcome using the four factors of effort, ability, task difficulty, and luck. In accord with predictions generated from a self-serving biases hypothesis, nondepressives made internal (ability, effort) attributions for a successful outcome (80% reinforcement) and external attributions (luck, task difficulty) for a failure outcome (20% reinforcement). As predicted from consideration of the self-blame component of depression, the attributions made by depressives for a failure outcome were personal or internal. Contrary to expectations, depressives also made internal attributions for a successful outcome. The findings for depressives were discussed in relation to the recently revised learned helplessness model of depression, which incorporates causal attributions. For nondepressives, the findings were considered in terms of the self-serving biases hypothesis
Attribution · Attribution bias · Blame · Depression (economics) · Developmental psychology · Learned helplessness · Luck · Outcome (game theory) · Reinforcement · Task (project management) · Behavioral and Psychological Studies · Behavioral Health and Interventions · Clinical Psychology · Mental Health Research Topics · Psychology · Resilience and Mental Health · Social Psychology
Correlates of depressive symptoms in adolescents
Illusion and well-being
The role of cognition in depression
Do positive illusions foster mental health? An examination of the Taylor and Brown formulation
Depressive attributions
Depressive Symptomatology and College Persistence among African American College Students
Depressive attributional style.
The attributional Style Questionnaire
Judgment of contingency in depressed and nondepressed students
Employee Positive Emotion and Favorable Outcomes at the Workplace
Toward an Integration of Cognitive and Motivational Perspectives on Social Inference
Self-Threat Magnifies the Self-Serving Bias
Social cognitive theory of self-regulation
Attaining Self-Regulation
Attributional Style Questionnaire
Multidimensional Health Locus of Control
Motivated Helplessness in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Learned helplessness versus reactance
The Mind and the Future
Atitudes E Crenças Relacionadas Ao Sucesso Em Diferentes Gerações
Role of causal attribution in personal problem solving
Depression and preference for self-focusing stimuli after success and failure
Induced mood and the illusion of control
Distancing after group success and failure
Self-consciousness, self-attention, and social interaction
Cognitive processes in perceived social support
Depression, self-focused attention, and expectancies for positive and negative future life events for self and others
Regulating affect interpersonally
Unemployment and depressive affect
Self-serving attributions
Trait Self‐Esteem Moderates the Effect of Initiator Status on Emotional and Cognitive Responses to Romantic Relationship Dissolution
Attribution of success and failure revisited, or
Depression and evaluative schemata
Desire for control, locus of control, and proneness to depression
Being accepted for who we are
Is There a Universal Positivity Bias in Attributions? A Meta-Analytic Review of Individual, Developmental, and Cultural Differences in the Self-Serving Attributional Bias
Mood-Dependent Selectivity in Social Cognition
Social psychology, unemployment exposure and equilibrium unemployment
Social anxiety and anticipation of future interaction as determinants of the favorability of self-presentation
Evidence for a depressive self-focusing style
Probability learning and coping in dysphoria and obsessive-compulsive tendencies
Attributions restore consistency in bargaining with liked/disliked partners
Social comparison after success and failure
The self-serving attributional bias
Contending With Stereotype Threat at Work
Locus of control and learned helplessness.
Failure to escape traumatic shock.
Effects of inescapable shock upon subsequent escape and avoidance responding.
Depression and learned helplessness in man.
Scales For Measuring Depression and Anxiety
Self-Perception Theory
The Intuitive Psychologist And His Shortcomings
The Effects of Success, Failure, and Locus of Control on Postperformance Attribution of Causality
Causal attributions for success and failure
Generality of learned helplessness in man
Ego involvement and attributions for success and failure
Defensive attribution and the Kelley cube
Effects of conceptual structure, failure, and success on attribution of causality and interpersonal attitudes
Minimal effects of severe depression on cognitive functioning
Self-serving biases in the attribution of causality
| Unique citing works | 45 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1 |
| Citation span | 1979 - 2020 (42) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 41 |