Attractiveness of the underling
An automatic power → sex association and its consequences for sexual harassment and aggression
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6206725 |
|---|---|
| Authors | John A Bargh (0000-0003-2114-1921, New York University, corresponding author), Paula Raymond, John B Pryor (0000-0002-5359-934X), Fritz Strack (0000-0003-1892-7739) |
| Year | 1995 |
| Volume | 68 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 768-781 |
| Publication date | 1995-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037//0022-3514.68.5.768 |
| PMID | 7776181 |
| OpenAlex | W1997681484 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 290 |
| References cited | 32 |
One characteristic of men who sexually harass is that they are not aware that their actions are inappropriate or a misuse of their power (L. F. Fitzgerald, 1993a). We investigated the existence and automaticity of a mental association between the concepts of power and sex, and its consequences for sexual harassment tendencies. Using a subliminal priming paradigm, Experiment 1 demonstrated an automatic link between power and sex, and only for men high in the likelihood to sexually harass or aggress. In Experiment 2, male participants were unobtrusively primed with either power-related or neutral stimuli. For men likely to sexually aggress, but not other participants, attraction ratings of a female confederate were significantly higher in the power priming than the neutral priming condition
Aggression · Association (psychology · Attractiveness · Automaticity · Cognition · Developmental psychology · Harassment · Layperson · Medical emergency · Physical attractiveness · Poison control · Power (physics · Priming (agriculture · Sex discrimination · Sexual attraction · Sexual behavior · Sexual coercion · Subliminal stimuli · Gender Diversity and Inequality · Human Factors and Ergonomics · Medicine · Psychology · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment · Psychology of Social Influence · Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology
The Double-Edged Power of Mentors
Relational dominance and mate-selection criteria
Upper Classes and Immorality
Dual effects of self-focused and other-focused power on sexual harassment intentions
Does tipping facilitate sexual objectification? The effect of tips on sexual harassment of bar and restaurant servers
Four ways forward in studying sex-based harassment
Social Perception Deficits, Cognitive Distortions, and Empathy Deficits in Sex Offenders
Advances in sexual harassment research, theory, and policy
An interdisciplinary approach to understanding social sexual conduct at work
Intention—Behavior Relations
Power and the perception of pregnancy in the academy
Gender Differences in Perceptions of Sexual Intent
Pornography and attitudes supporting violence against women
Gaming with Mr. Slot or Gaming the Slot Machine? Power, Anthropomorphism, and Risk Perception
The Dual Role of Power in Resisting Social Influence
Nonconscious Goals and Consumer Choice
Moderation of Mood Change after Subliminal Symbiotic Stimulation
Automatic effects of deviancy cues on creative cognition
Are sexualized women complete human beings? Why men and women dehumanize sexually objectified women
Intuition
Beyond behaviorism
An Integrative Theoretical Framework for Understanding Sexual Motivation, Arousal, and Behavior
The Importance of Individual Differences in Pornography Use
Social motives and cognitive power–sex associations
The Source of Power Matters
On the Relationship Between Automatic Attitudes and Self-Reported Sexual Assault in Men
Exploring the Automatic Undercurrents of Sexual Narcissism
Cognitive Representations of Sexual Self Differ as a Function of Gender and Sexual Debut
Empoderamiento o Subyugación de la Mujer? Experiencias de Cosificación Sexual Interpersonal
Studying Sexual Harassment in the Laboratory
Relationships Between Power, Communication About Work and Sex, and Emotion Expression
Power reduces the press of the situation
Social Relationships in Adulthood
Small Groups
Social Justice
Motivation
Interpersonal Stratification
Sequential Priming Measures of Implicit Social Cognition
Terror Management Theory of Self-Esteem and Cultural Worldviews
Material priming
A functional model of hierarchy
Subliminal Exposure to Death-Related Stimuli Increases Defense of the Cultural Worldview
Cognitive mechanisms in entrepreneurship
Power and Perspectives Not Taken
Sexual Submissiveness in Women
The social dynamics of breaking the rules
Power
Gender harassment
When the Boss Feels Inadequate
Gender‐Based Violence
From Agents to Objects
Interpersonal Power
The Social Distance Theory of Power
An overview of the literature on sexual harassment
Mortality salience and the spreading activation of worldview-relevant constructs
Power and consumer behavior
Power, approach, and inhibition.
From Dominance to Harassment
Conscious Processing of Sexual Information
Agenda 2000 ? Social judgment and attitudes
Personality and the Likelihood to Sexually Harass
Should We Take “Gender” Out of Gender Subtypes? The Effects of Gender, Evaluative Valence, and Context on the Organization of Person Subtypes
Can Perceivers Identify Likelihood to Sexually Harass
Propensity to Sexually Harass
The Priming Effect of Military Service on Creativity Performance
Limitations of Semantic Priming Procedures for Automatic Goal Activation
Identifying and Mitigating the Negative Effects of Power in Organizations
Limitations of Semantic Priming Procedures for Automatic Goal Activation
What have we been priming all these years? On the development, mechanisms, and ecology of nonconscious social behavior
Sex Differences in the Factor Structure of a Modified Sexual Experiences Questionnaire
The Future of Women in Psychological Science
Inequality rules
Does power corrupt the mind? The influence of power on moral reasoning and self-interested behavior
The role of organizational structure and deviant status in employees’ reactions to and acceptance of workplace deviance
The Unintended Consequences of Empowering Leadership
How Narcissism Shapes Responses to Antisocial and Prosocial Behavior
Power triggers moral reasoning aligned with active goals and moral flexibility across contexts
A Behavioral-Science Framework for Understanding College Campus Sexual Assault
Sexual violence laws
Effects of recalling episodes of influencing attempts on cognition in Japan
Priming ideology II
Let’s just do it
Breaking the Rules to Rise to Power
Rejecting Unwanted Romantic Advances Is More Difficult Than Suitors Realize
On Feeling Warm and Being Warm
How Power Affects Moral Judgments
Still a “Stalled Revolution”? Work/Family Experiences, Hegemonic Masculinity, and Moving Toward Gender Equality
Situating Sexual Harassment in the Broader Context of Interpersonal Violence
Likelihood to Sexually Harass
Effects of Inequality and Reasons for Inequality on Group Identification and Cooperation in Social Dilemmas
The One Ring Model
Empowering, Humbling, and of Course Arousing”
Predicting Sexual Harassment From Hostile Sexism and Short-Term Mating Orientation
There Is Always an Excuse to Blame the Girl”
Pornography and Sexual Aggression
Honesty
Power, Objectification, and Recognition of Sexualized Women and Men
Automatic Relationship-Harm Associations and Interpersonal Trauma Involving Close Others
Sexual or Friendly? Associations About Women, Men, and Self
Women and Paid Work
On perceptual readiness.
Age preferences in mates reflect sex differences in human reproductive strategies
Semantic priming and retrieval from lexical memory
A Social Psychological Analysis of Sexual Harassment
Sexual Strategies Theory
Cognitive, social, and physiological determinants of emotional state.
Self-Perception Theory
Sex differences in human mate preferences
Telling more than we can know
Sexual harassment of working women
The Social Psychology of Groups
Personality, Cognition and Social Interaction
The incidence and dimensions of sexual harassment in academia and the workplace
Men Who Rape
Handbook of Social Cognition
The Construction of Social Judgments
Sexual harassment proclivities in men
Salience of rape affects self‐esteem
Further Beyond Nine to Five
Sex‐Ratios, Sex‐Role Spillover, and Sexual Harassment of Women at Work
Sexual Harassment at Work
A Social Psychological Model for Predicting Sexual Harassment
The Naive Misuse of Power
The attraction to sexual aggression scale
The attraction to sexual aggression scale
The Automatic Evaluation Effect
Controlling other people
The additive nature of chronic and temporary sources of construct accessibility
Stereotypes and prejudice
| Unique citing works | 176 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 9,35 |
| Citation span | 1995 - 2026 (32) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 261 |