Gender Differences in Automatic In-Group Bias
Why Do Women Like Women More Than Men Like Men
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6206822 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Laurie A Rudman (0000-0001-7117-0312, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey), Stephanie A Goodwin (0000-0002-3284-8036, Purdue University West Lafayette) |
| Year | 2004 |
| Volume | 87 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 494-509 |
| Publication date | 2004-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037/0022-3514.87.4.494 |
| PMID | 15491274 |
| OpenAlex | W2159232310 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 143 |
| References cited | 49 |
Four experiments confirmed that women's automatic in-group bias is remarkably stronger than men's and investigated explanations for this sex difference, derived from potential sources of implicit attitudes (L. A. Rudman, 2004). In Experiment 1, only women (not men) showed cognitive balance among in-group bias, identity, and self-esteem (A. G. Greenwald et al., 2002), revealing that men lack a mechanism that bolsters automatic own group preference. Experiments 2 and 3 found pro-female bias to the extent that participants automatically favored their mothers over their fathers or associated male gender with violence, suggesting that maternal bonding and male intimidation influence gender attitudes. Experiment 4 showed that for sexually experienced men, the more positive their attitude was toward sex, the more they implicitly favored women. In concert, the findings help to explain sex differences in automatic in-group bias and underscore the uniqueness of gender for intergroup relations theorists
Cognition · Cognitive bias · Developmental psychology · Gender bias · Gender identity · In-group favoritism · Intimidation · Perception · Preference · Social group · Social identity theory · Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior · Psychology · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology
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| Unique citing works | 143 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 6,5 |
| Citation span | 2004 - 2026 (23) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 138 |