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Temperament and personality

Origins and outcomes

Bibliographic Data

ID6206904
AuthorsMary K Rothbart, Stephan A Ahadi, David E Evans
Year2000
Volume78
Issue1
Pages122-135
Publication date2000-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1037/0022-3514.78.1.122
OpenAlexW4206719735
LanguageEN
Citations received244

Alternative five model of personality · Big Five personality traits · Big Five personality traits and culture · Developmental psychology · Personality · Psychoanalysis · Temperament · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development · Clinical Psychology · Psychology · Social Psychology

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  • Perceived Parenting Practices and Adjustment

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  • Video-feedback promotes sensitive limit-setting in parents of twin preschoolers

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  • The Risk of Bullying and Probability of Help-Seeking Behaviors in School Children

    Open Access•Katarzyna Sitnik-Warchulska, Z Wajda et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2021

  • Depressive Symptoms and Its Associated Factors in 13-Year-Old Urban Adolescents

    Open Access•Cláudia Bulhões, Elisabete Ramos et al.•International Journal of…•2013

  • Early Manifestations of Personality and Adult Emotional Functioning

    Laura D Kubzansky, Laurie T Martin et al.•Emotion•2004

  • Spontaneous movements, motor milestones, and temperament of preterm‐born infants

    Open Access•Orna Lev‐Enacab, Efrat Sher‐censor et al.•Infancy•2022

  • Shaping linguistic input in parent‐infant interactions

    Open Access•Antonia Götz, Eylem Altuntas et al.•Infancy•2025

  • Temperamento e sua relação com problemas emocionais e de comportamento em pré-escolares

    Open Access•Sofia Muniz Alves Gracioli, Maria Beatriz Martins Linhares•Psicologia em Estudo•2014

  • Asmenybės Ar Vertybės? Lietuvos Partijų Lyderiai Rinkėjų Akimis Ir Politikos Personalizacijos Ribos

    Open Access•Jūratė Kavaliauskaitė•Politologija•2014

  • Prácticas de crianza y regulación emocional en infantes

    Open Access•Ailín C Simaes, Natalia Ailín Mancini et al.•Revista Interamericana de…•2024

  • The role of temperament in the onset of suicidal ideation and behaviors across adolescence

    Open Access•Katherine M Lawson, John K Kellerman et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2021

  • The codevelopment of effortful control and school behavioral problems

    Open Access•Olivia E Atherton, Lucy R Zheng et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2018

  • Paths from socioemotional behavior in middle childhood to personality in middle adulthood

    Lea Pulkkinen, Katja Kokko et al.•Developmental Psychology•2012

  • The Interdependent Nature of Mother’s and Children’s Temperament and Eating Behaviors on Weight

    Open Access•Tara K Ohrt, Marisol Pérez et al.•Maternal and Child Health Journal•2023

  • Longitudinal Relations of Economic Hardship and Effortful Control to Active Coping in Latino Youth

    Open Access•Zoe Taylor, Keith F Widaman et al.•Journal of Research on Adolescence•2017

  • General and Maladaptive Personality Dimensions in Pediatric Obsessive–Compulsive Symptoms

    Open Access•Nathalie Aelterman, Barbara De Clercq et al.•Child Psychiatry & Human…•2010

  • Mothers’ Temperament and Personality

    Open Access•Jayme Puff, Kimberly Renk•Child Psychiatry & Human…•2015

  • Emotion and Personality Development

    Open Access•E Mark Cummings, Julia M Braungart‐Rieker et al.•Handbook of Psychology, Second…•2012

  • Self‐Regulatory Perspectives on Personality

    Open Access•Charles S Carver, Michael F Scheier•Handbook of Psychology, Second…•2012

  • Prosocial Behavior

    Open Access•Mary Lewis•Encyclopedia of Evolutionary…•2018

  • Personality Development and Temperament

    Open Access•Yiyuan Xu, Alexander Krieg et al.•International Encyclopedia of the…•2015

  • The Economics and Psychology of Personality Traits

    Lex Borghans, Angela L Duckworth et al.•The Journal of Human Resources•2008

  • School Readiness and Self-Regulation

    Clancy Blair, C Cybele Raver•Annual Review of Psychology•2015

  • Evaluating models of the personality–psychopathology relationship in children and adolescents

    Open Access•Jennifer L Tackett•Clinical Psychology Review•2006

  • Temperament and developmental psychopathology

    Open Access•Joel T Nigg•Journal of Child Psychology and…•2006

  • Neuroticism and common mental disorders

    Open Access•Johan Ormel, Bertus F Jeronimus et al.•Clinical Psychology Review•2013

  • Personality differences in childhood and adolescence

    Open Access•Rebecca L Shiner, Rebecca Shiner et al.•Journal of Child Psychology and…•2003

  • Contextual risk and parenting as predictors of effortful control and social competence in preschool children

    Open Access•Liliana Lengua, Liliana J Lengua et al.•Journal of Applied Developmental…•2007

  • The Emotion Reactivity Scale

    Open Access•Matthew K Nock, Michelle M Wedig et al.•Behavior Therapy•2008

  • Integrating the Study of Transgender Spectrum and Cisgender Experiences of Self-Categorization from a Personality Perspective

    Open Access•Charlotte Chuck Tate, Cris P Youssef et al.•Review of General Psychology•2014

  • The Psychology of Worldviews

    Open Access•Mark E Koltko-Rivera•Review of General Psychology•2004

  • Development and Assessment of Short and Very Short Forms of the Infant Behavior Questionnaire–Revised

    Samuel P Putnam, Amy L Helbig et al.•Journal of Personality Assessment•2014

  • Transforming gifts into talents

    Françoys Gagné•High Ability Studies•2004

  • Basic Emotions, Natural Kinds, Emotion Schemas, and a New Paradigm

    Open Access•Carroll E Izard•Perspectives on Psychological…•2007

  • Personality

    David C Funder•Annual Review of Psychology•2001

  • The Neurobiology of Stress and Development

    Megan R Gunnar, Megan Gunnar et al.•Annual Review of Psychology•2007

  • Personality Psychology and Economics

    Mathilde Almlund, Angela L Duckworth et al.•Handbook Of The Economics Of…•2011

  • Studying infant temperament via the Revised Infant Behavior Questionnaire

    Open Access•Maria A Gartstein, Maria Gartstein et al.•Infant Behavior and Development•2003

  • Integrating Theories of Motivation

    Piers Steel, Cornelius J König•Academy of Management Review•2006

  • Socioemotional Selectivity Theory and the Regulation of Emotion in the Second Half of Life

    Open Access•Laura L Carstensen, Helene H Fung et al.•Motivation and Emotion•2003

  • Impulse and Constraint

    Open Access•Charles S Carver•Personality and Social Psychology…•2005

  • Spirituality, Religiousness, and Happiness in Children Aged 8–12 Years

    Open Access•Mark D Holder, Ben Coleman et al.•Journal of Happiness Studies•2010

  • Differentiation of Self and Attachment in Adulthood

    Open Access•Elizabeth A Skowron, Anna K Dendy•Contemporary Family Therapy•2004

  • Child socioemotional behavior and adult temperament as predictors of physical activity and sedentary behavior in late adulthood

    Open Access•Johanna Ahola, Katja Kokko et al.•BMC Public Health•2023

  • Infant Temperament in Russia, United States of America, and Israel

    Open Access•Maria A Gartstein, Maria Gartstein et al.•Child Psychiatry & Human…•2009

  • Parenting stress during infancy is a risk factor for mental health problems in 3-year-old children

    Open Access•Nayantara Hattangadi, Katherine Tombeau Cost et al.•BMC Public Health•2020

  • A Tale of Two Visions

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  • Associations Between Effortful Control, Psychological Control and Proactive and Reactive Aggression

    Open Access•Jamie Rathert, Jamie L Rathert et al.•Child Psychiatry & Human…•2011

  • Temperament and Sense of Coherence

    Open Access•Małgorzata Szcześniak, Klaudia Strochalska•International Journal of…•2019

  • Associations Between Shyness and Internalizing and Externalizing Problems During Emerging Adulthood in China

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  • The Role of Child’s Age, Sex, and Temperament in Father Involvement during the Pre-School Years

    Open Access•Carolina Santos, Lí­gia Monteiro et al.•Children•2022

  • Flourishing and Floundering in Emerging Adult College Students

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  • The relations of parental emotional expressivity with quality of Indonesian children's social functioning

    Nancy Eisenberg, Jeffrey Liew et al.•Emotion•2001

  • Childhood temperament predictors of adolescent physical activity

    Open Access•James A Janssen, Jacek Kolacz et al.•BMC Public Health•2017

  • ADHD and ODD Symptoms in Toddlers

    Open Access•Noelia Sánchez‐Pérez, Noelia Sánchez-Pérez et al.•Child Psychiatry & Human…•2019

  • Temperament, Anxiety, and Attentional Control

    Open Access•Brian Healy, John W Kulig et al.•Psychological Reports•2006

  • The Role of Parental Perfectionism and Child Temperament in the Intergenerational Transmission of Perfectionism

    Open Access•Diana Oliveira, Carolina Martins et al.•Children•2025

  • The Children's Behavior Questionnaire very Short Scale

    Open Access•Ester F C Sleddens, Sheryl O Hughes et al.•Psychological Reports•2012

  • Dispositional individual differences in cognitive effort investment

    Open Access•Corinna Kührt, Sebastian Pannasch et al.•BMC Psychology•2021

  • Developmental Changes in Facial Expressions of Emotions in the Strange Situation During the Second Year of Life

    Carroll E Izard, Jo Ann A Abe•Emotion•2004

  • Associations of Early School Grades With Temperament in Two Cultures Show New Subtleties

    Open Access•Ирина Трофимова, Irina N Trofimova et al.•Psychological Reports•2026

  • Temperament, Gender, and Cultural Differences in Maternal Emotion Socialization of Anxiety, Somatization, and Anger

    Open Access•Deepti Gupta Karkhanis, Adam Winsler•Psychological Studies•2016

  • Behavioral Inhibition in the Second Year of Life Is Predicted by Prenatal Maternal Anxiety, Overprotective Parenting and Infant Temperament in Early Infancy

    Open Access•Susanne Mudra, Ariane Göbel et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2022

  • Early Motor Developmental Milestones and Personality Traits in Midlife

    Open Access•Trine Flensborg‐Madsen, Erik Lykke Mortensen et al.•Children•2023

  • Do the Temperamental Characteristics of Both Mother and Child Influence the Well-Being of Adopted and Non-Adopted Children

    Open Access•Krista Liskola, Hanna Raaska et al.•Children•2022

  • Mothers’ Use of Regulatory Talk with Toddlers in Chile and the US

    Open Access•Maria Pia Santelices, Claire D Vallotton et al.•Children•2021

  • Exploring the Multidimensional Links Between Trait Mindfulness and Trait Empathy

    Open Access•Toshiyuki Himichi, Hidekazu Osanai et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2021

  • Using the Very Short Form of the Children’s Behavior Questionnaire for Spanish-Speaking Populations in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

    Open Access•Elsa Lucia Escalante‐Barrios, Elsa Lucía Escalante-Barrios et al.•Children•2021

  • Transdiagnostic phenomena of psychopathology in the context of the RDoC

    Open Access•Marvin Sören Meiering, David Weigner et al.•BMC Psychology•2023

  • Welcome

    Open Access•Tiffany Naets, Leentje Vervoort et al.•BMC Public Health•2018

  • Peer Victimization and Friendship Quality

    Open Access•Nathaniel J Caluda-Perdue, Nathaniel J Caluda‐Perdue et al.•The Journal of Early Adolescence•2026

  • Small Effects

    Open Access•Friedrich M Götz, Samuel D Gosling et al.•Perspectives on Psychological…•2022

  • The Single and Joint Contributions of Temperament and Family Functioning to Subjective Happiness in Spanish College Students

    Open Access•Ester Ato, María D Galián•Journal of Happiness Studies•2025

  • The Role of Adolescents’ and Their Parents’ Temperament Types in Adolescents’ Academic Emotions

    Open Access•Pinja Lahdelma, Maria Tolonen et al.•Child & Youth Care Forum•2021

  • Prospective Relations of Temperament and Peer Victimization with Changes in Social Competence in Early Childhood

    Open Access•Gabriela V Memba, Jamie M Ostrov•Child & Youth Care Forum•2023

  • Psychological and dispositional underpinnings of internalizing, externalizing, and co-occurring disorders in children and adolescents

    Open Access•Insha Amin Mukhdoomi, Madhumita Bhattacharyya et al.•Current Psychology•2026

  • Child- and family-level factors as predictors of Chinese children’s generalized anxiety disorder symptoms in middle childhood

    Open Access•Fang Wang, Meifang Wang et al.•Current Psychology•2023

  • Validity of temperament-based clinical personality types in a large sample of psychiatric inpatients

    Open Access•Manon Saeys, Xenia Brancart et al.•Current Psychology•2024

  • The influence of temperament and sex on inhibitory control games

    Open Access•Carolina Caffarena-Barcenilla, Cristian A Rojas‐Barahona•Current Psychology•2024

  • The linkage between negative affectivity with emotional distress in college student

    Open Access•Shahram Mohammadkhani, Faraz Attar et al.•Current Psychology•2023

  • Children’s temperament as predictor of father involvement

    Open Access•Sibel Yoleri•Current Psychology•2024

  • Temperaments and orthorexia nervosa

    Open Access•Sahar Obeid, Emmanuelle Awad et al.•Current Psychology•2023

  • Maternal Control Strategies and Social Functioning in Chinese Preschoolers

    Jingjing Zhu, Mowei Liu et al.•Early Education and Development•2023

  • A Bounding Approach to Age–Period–Cohort Analysis

    Open Access•Gordey Yastrebov, Alexander Trinidad et al.•Journal of Quantitative Criminology•2025

  • Relation between executive functions and screen time exposure in under 6 year-olds

    Open Access•Juan Carlos Bustamante, Belén Fernández‐Castilla et al.•Computers in Human Behavior•2023

  • Implicit Beliefs About Emotions in Youth

    Christopher M Crawford, Julianne M Griffith et al.•Journal of Social and Clinical…•2021

  • Higher sensory processing sensitivity

    Luchuan Xiao, Kris Baetens et al.•Cognition & Emotion•2024

  • Role of perceived social support in the relationship between parent temperament and distress tolerance

    Open Access•Alexandra E Morford, Neil Jordan et al.•Family Relations•2022

  • The role of perceived social support in mitigating the impact of parenting stress on children’s effortful control

    Open Access•Ezgi Yıldız, Berna A Uzundağ•International Journal of…•2024

  • Exploring child positive affect in context

    Open Access•Fanyi Yu, Jeffrey R Gagne et al.•International Journal of…•2026

  • Associations of temperament types and gender of early adolescents and teachers with adolescents’ school well‐being

    Open Access•Ville Puonti, Riikka Hirvonen et al.•Scandinavian Journal of Psychology•2021

  • School Refusal and Determinants

    Open Access•Mehtap Eroglu, Tuğba Menteşe Babayiğit et al.•Psychology in the Schools•2025

  • Revisiting Shyness and Sociability in Schizophrenia

    Zahra Bostani Khalesi, Zahra Khalesi et al.•Journal of Personality Assessment•2021

  • Childhood predictors of avoidant personality disorder traits in adolescence

    Open Access•Lars Wichstrøm, Theresa Wilberg et al.•Journal of Child Psychology and…•2025

  • Observed Profiles of Infant Temperament

    Open Access•Elizabeth M Planalp, H Hill Goldsmith•Child Development•2020

  • Temperament and psychopathology

    Open Access•Wanze Xie, Joe Bathelt et al.•Child Development•2022

  • Infant Temperament Profiles, Cultural Orientation, and Toddler Behavioral and Physiological Regulation in Mexican-American Families

    Open Access•Betty Lin, Kathryn Lemery‐chalfant et al.•Child Development•2021

  • The initial validation of an internalization and externalization inventory

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  • “I believe it is wrong but I still do it”

    Larry J Nelson, Laura M Padilla-Walker et al.•Psychology of Religion and…•2010

Unique citing works244
Citations per year9,38
Citation span2000 - 2026 (27)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 230

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